Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *güni

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 co-wife 2 envy, jealousy 3 jealous, envious person 4 to be jealous, envy

Russian meaning: 1 одна из нескольких жен 2 зависть, ревность 3 ревнивец, завистник 4 ревновать, завидовать

Old Turkic: küni (OUygh.) 2

Karakhanid: küni (MK) 1

Turkish: gönü, günü 1, 2

Tatar: köndäš 1, kön-če 3, kene (dial.) 2

Middle Turkic: küni (MA, Pav. C.) 1, 2

Uzbek: kundaš 1, kunči 3

Uighur: kündäš 1, kün-lü- 4, kün-či 3

Sary-Yughur: kun bol- 4 (ЯЖУ)

Azerbaidzhan: günü 1

Turkmen: güni 1

Khakassian: kün-ne- 4, künǯi 3

Oyrat: künü 2

Yakut: künǖ 2

Tuva: xün-ne- 4

Kirghiz: künü, kündöš 1, künü-lö- 'to be jealous (of women)'

Kazakh: kündes 1, kün-de- 4

Noghai: kündes 1, kün-le- 4

Bashkir: köndäš 1, kön-lä- 4, kön-sö 3

Karaim: kündeš 1, kün-le-, künü-le-, könü-le- 4

Karakalpak: kündes 1, kün-le- 4

Kumyk: gün-čü 3

Comments: VEWT 307, 309, EDT 727, ЭСТЯ 3, 104-105, Мудрак 76, Федотов 1, 269. Cf. perhaps also Yak. kij̃īt, Dolg. kinīt 'sister-in-law' (?).

Proto-Turkic: *güŋ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: female slave

Russian meaning: рабыня

Old Turkic: küŋ (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: küŋ (MK, Tefs., IM)

Middle Turkic: küŋ (MA), (MKypch.) küŋ (CCum.)

Uzbek: guŋ 'voiceless female slave'

Sary-Yughur: küŋ (ЯЖУ)

Turkmen: güŋ 'a Turkmani born from a Persian woman' (Буд.)

Chuvash: xъr-ɣъm

Kirghiz: küŋ

Kazakh: küŋ

Karakalpak: küŋ

Comments: VEWT 309, EDT 726, ЭСТЯ 5, 142, Лексика 317. The Uzb. meaning was influenced by Persian gung 'deaf-and-dumb'.

Proto-Turkic: *gür

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 stout-hearted, courageous 2 thick, dense, abundant 3 wide, broad 4 well fed

Russian meaning: 1 храбрый 2 толстый, плотный, обильный 3 широкий 4 откормленный

Karakhanid: kür 1 (MK, KB)

Turkish: gür 2

Tatar: kör 1, 4

Azerbaidzhan: gür 2

Turkmen: gür 2

Khakassian: kür 1

Chuvash: kǝʷrǝʷ 1, 2

Yakut: kür 3

Tuva: xür 'healthy, well fed'

Kirghiz: kür 'powerful'

Noghai: kür 'friendly'

Bashkir: kör 1, 4

Gagauz: gür 2

Karaim: kür 2

Kumyk: kür 1

Comments: VEWT 310-311, EDT 735, ЭСТЯ 3, 106, Федотов 1, 277-278. Turk. > WMong. kür, Kalm. kür (KW 246).

Proto-Turkic: *güŕ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to lace, bind 2 part of loom

Russian meaning: 1 вязать, связывать 2 нитченки

Middle Turkic: küzük (IM) 2

Turkmen: göze- 1

Oyrat: küzüg 2 (dial. North.)

Chuvash: kǝʷrǝʷ 2

Kirghiz: küzük 2

Comments: VEWT 312-313, ЭСТЯ 5, 131.

Proto-Turkic: *güŕel

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: beautiful

Russian meaning: красивый

Turkish: güzel

Middle Turkic: küzel (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: gụzal

Uighur: gözäl

Azerbaidzhan: gözäl

Turkmen: gözel

Kirghiz: közöl

Noghai: közel

Gagauz: gözäl

Karaim: guzaĺ (K)

Comments: ЭСТЯ 3, 63-64, VEWT 295.

Proto-Turkic: *gǖč

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: power

Russian meaning: сила

Old Turkic: küč (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: küč (MK, KB)

Turkish: güǯ

Tatar: köč

Middle Turkic: küč (Sangl., Pav. C., MA)

Uzbek: kuč

Uighur: küč

Sary-Yughur: kuš

Azerbaidzhan: güǯ

Turkmen: gǖč

Khakassian: küs

Shor: küš

Oyrat: küč

Halaj: kīič

Yakut: kǖs

Dolgan: kǖs

Tuva: küš

Tofalar: küš

Kirghiz: küč

Kazakh: küš

Noghai: küš

Bashkir: kös

Balkar: küč

Gagauz: güč

Karaim: küč

Karakalpak: küš

Kumyk: güč

Comments: VEWT 306, EDT 693, ЭСТЯ 3, 96-98, Stachowski 166.

Proto-Turkic: *gǖd-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to wait 2 to attend 3 to respect 4 to graze

Russian meaning: 1 ждать 2 прислуживать 3 почитать 4 пасти

Old Turkic: küd- 1 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: küδ- 1, 3 (MK, KB)

Turkish: güt/d- 4

Tatar: köt- 1, 4

Middle Turkic: küt- 'to lead cattle away from pasture' (Pav. C., Sangl.)

Uzbek: kut- 1, 2

Uighur: küt- 1

Azerbaidzhan: güt/d-

Khakassian: küzet- 4

Oyrat: küj- 1, küt- 2, 4

Yakut: kǖt- 1

Dolgan: kǖt- 1

Kirghiz: küj- 1, küt- 1, 2

Kazakh: küt- 2

Bashkir: köt- 1, 4

Balkar: küt- 4

Gagauz: güt- 4

Karaim: küt- 4

Karakalpak: küj-, küt- 1, 2

Kumyk: küt- 'выполнять'

Comments: EDT 701, VEWT 306, 312, ЭСТЯ 3, 107-108 (the variant *gǖt- is morphologically secondary, actually = *gǖdü-t-). The proposed derivation (see ЭСТЯ 108) from *gü- (*kü-), attested only in the OUygh. doublet kü- közeδ- 'protect and keep' (see EDT 686) is far from certain (the meaning of kü- here is not quite clear; közeδ- is probably < *göŕ- 'see, eye' = Yak., Dolg. köhüt- 'wait'; Khak. küzet- above can reflect both *-ŕ- and *-d-).

Proto-Turkic: *gǖl-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to tether, bind feet

Russian meaning: привязывать, спутывать ноги

Karakhanid: kül-tür- (MK)

Turkish: gülü- (dial.)

Sary-Yughur: k'ul-

Turkmen: güjl-

Oyrat: kül-

Tuva: xülü-

Comments: VEWT 308, EDT 717 (incorrectly to kül- 'harness'), ЭСТЯ 3, 95-96.

Proto-Turkic: *gǖŕ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: autumn

Russian meaning: осень

Old Turkic: küz (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: küz (MK)

Turkish: güz

Tatar: köz

Middle Turkic: güz (Sangl.)

Uzbek: kuz

Uighur: küz

Sary-Yughur: kuz

Azerbaidzhan: güz-äm 'autumn wool'

Turkmen: gǖz

Khakassian: küs

Shor: küs

Oyrat: küs

Chuvash: kǝʷr

Yakut: kühün

Dolgan: kühün

Tuva: küs

Tofalar: küs

Kirghiz: küz

Kazakh: küz

Noghai: küz

Bashkir: köδ

Balkar: küz

Gagauz: güz

Karaim: küz

Karakalpak: küz

Kumyk: güz

Comments: VEWT 312, EDT 757, TMN 4,10, ЭСТЯ 3, 94-95, Лексика 75, Stachowski 164.

Proto-Turkic: *(i)ăba

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: poison; evil

Russian meaning: яд; досада, гнев

Yakut: aba; aba-r- 'to be angry'

Dolgan: abalā- 'to be angry'

Tuva: ō 'poison; ferret's musk'

Comments: VEWT 9, Рясянен 1955, 67, ЭСТЯ I 67, Stachowski 27. The root is very close to another one, *āgu (v. sub *ā́gi), with the same meaning; the reflexes may be phonetically distinguished in Yak. and Tuva (Tuva *agu > ā, cf. Tof. ā 'poison'), in other languages the two roots must have coincided.

Proto-Turkic: *(i)abɨ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to enjoy oneself, be happy (refl.) 2 to comfort (caus.)

Russian meaning: 1 радоваться, быть счастливым 2 утешать, успокаивать

Old Turkic: abɨnɨq 'consolation' (USp. 43), avɨn-ču 'concubine' (YB 1)

Karakhanid: avɨn- 1 (MK), avɨt- 2 (KB)

Turkish: avun- 1, avut- 2, 'to deceive'

Middle Turkic: awut- 2, awun- 'to find comfort' (Sangl.)

Uzbek: ɔvun- 1, ɔvut- 2

Azerbaidzhan: ovun- 1, ovut- 2

Khakassian: abɨt- 'to lull'

Shor: abɨt- 'to lull'

Halaj: avun- 1, avut- 2

Yakut: ɨa-hax 'play'

Dolgan: ɨa-hak 'play'

Tuva: aat- 'to lull'

Tofalar: aat- 'to lull'

Gagauz: aut- 'to deceive'

Karaim: avun-, uvun- 'to be consoled', uvut- 2

Comments: EDT 7, 12; VEWT 2, ЭСТЯ 1, 66, Stachowski 257. The meaning 'to lull' may belong to the homonymic *(i)abu- 'to bend, swing', on which see under *i̯ằp[ò].

Proto-Turkic: *(i)abɨ-

Meaning: 1 to bend, fall 2 to roll, sway, swing

Russian meaning: 1 сгибаться, сваливаться, опрокидываться 2 валяться, переворачиваться с боку на бок

Tatar: avu- 1

Oyrat: abɨ- 2

Tuva: ā-t-tɨn- 2

Kirghiz: ō- 1, 2, ō-n- 3

Kazakh: awu- 1, awɨn- 2

Noghai: avɨ- 1, avna- 2

Bashkir: aw- 1, awn- 2

Balkar: aw- 1, awan- 2

Karaim: avd- 2

Kumyk: avun- 2

Comments: The root should be distinguished from *(i)abɨ- `to enjoy oneself, be happy' q. v.

Proto-Turkic: *(i)ag

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 space between the legs 2 wedge between trouser legs

Russian meaning: 1 промежуток между ногами 2 клин между штанинами

Old Turkic: aɣ (OUygh.) 1

Karakhanid: aɣ (MK) 1

Uzbek: ɔɣ 2

Uighur: aɣ 2

Azerbaidzhan: aɣ (dial.) 2

Kazakh: aw 2

Noghai: aw 2

Gagauz: ā 2

Karaim: aw 1

Comments: EDT 75, ЭСТЯ 1, 67-68, Clark 1977, 127.

Proto-Turkic: *iagɨr

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: heavy

Russian meaning: тяжелый

Old Turkic: aɣɨr (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: aɣɨr (MK, KB)

Turkish: aɣɨr

Tatar: awɨr

Middle Turkic: aɣɨr (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: ɔɣir

Uighur: eɣir

Azerbaidzhan: aɣɨr

Turkmen: aGɨr

Khakassian: ār

Halaj: aɣị̄r

Chuvash: jɨvъr

Yakut: ɨar

Dolgan: ɨara-kan

Tuva: ār

Tofalar: ā̃r

Kirghiz: ōr

Kazakh: awɨr

Bashkir: awɨr

Balkar: awur

Karakalpak: awɨr

Salar: aɣɨr

Comments: VEWT 8, EDT 88-9, ЭСТЯ 1, 85-87, Егоров 82-83, Лексика 338-339, Stachowski 258.

Proto-Turkic: *iak-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to flow

Russian meaning: течь

Old Turkic: aq- (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: aq- (MK)

Turkish: ak-

Tatar: aq-

Middle Turkic: aq- (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: ɔq-

Uighur: aq-

Sary-Yughur: aq-

Azerbaidzhan: ax-

Turkmen: aq-

Khakassian: ax-

Oyrat: aq-

Chuvash: jox-

Tuva: aq-

Kirghiz: aq-

Kazakh: aq-

Noghai: aq-

Bashkir: aq-

Balkar: aq-

Gagauz: aq-

Karaim: aq-

Karakalpak: aq-

Kumyk: aq-

Comments: EDT 77, VEWT 12, ЭСТЯ 1, 118-120, Егоров 352, Федотов 2, 495.

Proto-Turkic: *(i)akuru-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: slowly, quietly, gradually

Russian meaning: медленно, постепенно

Old Turkic: aquru (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: aqru, aqrun (MK), aqru (KB)

Turkish: arqun (Osmanli)

Tatar: ɛkren, ɛkerten; ɛkert (dial.)

Middle Turkic: aqrɨn (Sangl.), aɣrɨn (Бор. Бад.)

Khakassian: āɣɨrin, aɣrɨn, aɣɨrtɨn

Shor: aɣɨrɨn

Oyrat: aqqɨrɨn, aqqɨr-aqqɨr

Yakut: arɣɨ̄j, orɣūj

Kirghiz: aqɨrin

Kazakh: aqɨrɨn

Bashkir: aqrɨn

Balkar: aqɨrɨn, aqrɨn, aqɨrtɨn

Karaim: arqɨtɨn

Karakalpak: aqɨrɨn

Comments: VEWT 14, ЭСТЯ 1, 123-124, EDT 89-90. The forms with -ɨn and -tɨn are old forms of Instr. and Abl. cases, so the PT word is a noun. Yak. reflects the -u of the second syllable.

Proto-Turkic: *(i)ăĺ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 seed, cereals, crops; 2 graft, 3 vaccine, 4 pus (primarily - as a material for vaccinacion?) 5 tanning matter, 6 starch

Russian meaning: 1 семя, злаки, зерновые 2 привой 3 вакцина 4 гной (первоначально - как прививка?) 5 дубильное вещество 6 крахмал

Karakhanid: aš-lɨq 1 (ašlɨq tarɨɣ önar 'crops spring') (MK; IM)

Turkish: ašɨ 2, 3

Tatar: aš-lɨq 1, aš 1, 4 dial. (Sib., КСТТ 107), aš-la- 'to starch'

Middle Turkic: aši 2 (Pav. C.), 'pollen' (Zenker I 56)

Uzbek: ɔš 5, ɔš-liq 1

Uighur: aš-lɨq 1, aš-la- 'to tan'

Azerbaidzhan: aš, ašɨ 3, 5

Turkmen: aš-Gar 5

Khakassian: as 1, as-ta-n- 'to beware of a disease' ('to vaccinate oneself'?)

Shor: aš 1

Oyrat: aš 1

Yakut: as 4, as, ahɨlɨk 'fruit of some wild plants, berry'

Dolgan: ahɨlɨk 'berry'

Kirghiz: aš 'fruit of some wild plants, berry', aštɨq 1, aša- 'to tan'

Kazakh: astɨq 1

Noghai: as 'a grain, a seed', aslɨq 1

Bashkir: ašlɨq 1, ašla- 'to graft', dial. aš 'pus' (Бhh III 26)

Balkar: aš-lɨq 1, aš-ügü 'one of cereal cultures'

Gagauz: haš-la- 'to plant out seedlings; to graft; to vaccinate'

Karaim: aš-lɨq 1, aš-la- 'to graft'

Salar: aš-lɨq 1 (ССЯ 296)

Kumyk: aš 1 (Cатыб. 73), aš-la- 'to pollinate; to tan'

Comments: VEWT 30, ЭСТЯ 1, 211-212, 216, Stachowski 29. A lot of etymological confusion here. Forms meaning 'to tan, tanning matter; starch' may be either borrowed from Persian or, rather, derived from *(i)aĺ 'meal' (v. sub *i̯oĺe), see Лексика 378. The latter root, due to its phonetic similarity (or even identity) has in general influenced the present one: 'cereals' are influenced by 'porridge' and *(i)aĺ-la- 'to graft, to pollinate' by *(i)aĺ-la- 'to fertilize' ( = 'to feed'). It seems nevertheless impossible to unite them completely.

Proto-Turkic: *(i)aĺ(č)uk

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 ankle joint, knucklebone 2 die

Russian meaning: 1 лодыжка, бабка 2 альчик

Karakhanid: ašuq 1 (MK)

Turkish: ašuq 2 (Osmanli), ašɨk 1, 2

Tatar: ašɨq 2

Middle Turkic: ašuq 1, 'bone of the elbow' (Abush.)

Uzbek: ɔšiq 2

Uighur: ošuq 1, 2

Azerbaidzhan: ašɨG 2

Turkmen: ašɨq 2

Oyrat: ažɨq 2

Halaj: ušaq 2

Kirghiz: ašɨq 2

Kazakh: asɨq 1, 2

Noghai: asɨq 1, 2

Bashkir: ašɨq 2

Balkar: ašɨq 1, 2

Karaim: ašɨq 2

Karakalpak: asɨq 2

Kumyk: ašɨq 2

Comments: EDT 259, VEWT 30, ЭСТЯ 1, 216-217, TMN 2, 64-65, Лексика 288.

Proto-Turkic: *(i)aĺ, *(i)aĺ-a-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 meal, food 2 to eat 3 porridge 4 to feed

Russian meaning: 1 еда, пища 2 есть 3 каша 4 кормить

Old Turkic: aš 1, aša- 2 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: aš 1, aša- 2 (KB)

Turkish: aš 1

Tatar: aša- 2

Middle Turkic: aš 1 (Pav. C.)

Uighur: aš 1

Azerbaidzhan: aš 3

Turkmen: aš 1

Khakassian: as 1

Halaj: āš, ɔ̄š 1

Yakut: as 1

Dolgan: as 1, as- 2

Tuva: a'š 1, ažā- 4

Tofalar: aša- 4

Kirghiz: aš 1

Noghai: aša- 2

Bashkir: aša- 2

Balkar: aša- 2

Karaim: aša- 2

Comments: VEWT 29-30, ЭСТЯ 1, 210-212, TMN 2, 61-62, EDT 253, 256, Stachowski 38.

Proto-Turkic: *(i)am

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: vulva

Russian meaning: vulva

Karakhanid: am (MK - Oghuz, Kypch.)

Turkish: am

Tatar: am (Буд. 1, 90)

Middle Turkic: (MKypch.) am (CCum., AH, At-Tuhf.)

Turkmen: am

Oyrat: am (R)

Halaj: hā̊m

Yakut: abas 'vulva'; amanax 'fat in the groins of cows, horses'

Kirghiz: am (R)

Kazakh: am (R)

Comments: VEWT 18, EDT 155, R 1 643.