Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *jạĺɨ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: be lazy, emaciated, weak, quiet

Russian meaning: быть ленивым, измученным; слабым, вялым, робким

Middle Turkic: jašɨq (adj.) (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: jǝšiq (adj.)

Uighur: ješiq (adj.)

Khakassian: čazɨɣ (adj.)

Oyrat: jažɨ- (R), d́ažɨq (adj.)

Yakut: sɨhɨj-

Tuva: čažɨ-

Kirghiz: ǯašɨ-

Kazakh: žasɨ-

Bashkir: jašɨq (adj.)

Karakalpak: žasɨ-

Comments: VEWT 192, ЭСТЯ 4, 20-21, TMN 4, 173.

Proto-Turkic: *jạlɨŋ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 naked 2 single, lonely

Russian meaning: 1 голый 2 одинокий, единственный

Old Turkic: jalɨŋ 1, jalŋus 2 (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jalɨŋ 1, jalŋus 2 (MK)

Turkish: jalɨn 1, jalnɨz, dial. jalaŋɨz 2

Tatar: jalan 1 (dial.), jalɣɨz 2

Middle Turkic: jalɨŋ 1 (Pav. C.), jalan, jalɨnǯaq 1 (Ettuhf.), jalɨŋɨz, jalɨqɨz 2 (Ettuhf.)

Uzbek: jaĺäŋ 1, jɔllɣiz 2

Uighur: jalaŋ 1, jalɣuz 2

Sary-Yughur: jalɨŋ, jaŋ 1, jaŋɣɨs 2

Azerbaidzhan: jalɨn 1, jalnɨz 2

Turkmen: jalaŋ 1, jalaŋač 1, jalŋɨ̄z 2

Khakassian: čalaŋ 1, čalɣɨs 2

Shor: čalaŋ 1, čaɣɨs, naɣɨs, naŋɨs 2

Oyrat: d́alaŋ 1, jaŋɨs, d́aŋɨs 2

Halaj: jalɣuz 2

Yakut: sɨ̄ńax, sɨgɨnńax 1

Dolgan: hɨgɨnńak 1

Tuva: čaŋɣɨs 2

Kirghiz: ǯalaŋ 1, ǯalɣɨz, ǯaŋɣɨz 2

Kazakh: žalaŋ 1, žalɣɨz 2

Noghai: jalaŋ 1, jalɣɨz 2

Bashkir: jaŋɣɨδ 2

Balkar: žalan, zalan 1, žanɣɨz, zanɣɨz 2

Gagauz: jalɨn 1, jalnɨz 2

Karaim: jalɨn, jalan 1, jalɣɨz 2

Karakalpak: žalaŋ 1, žalɣɨz 2

Kumyk: jalan 1, jaŋɣɨz, jaŋɨz 2

Comments: VEWT 182, EDT 929, 930, ЭСТЯ 4, 97-98, 104-106. Turk. > Kalm. jalŋ (KW 214). Cf. also *jalkɨ 'single' (ЭСТЯ 4, 95), Stachowski 106, 118. Yak. sɨgɨnńax < *jalŋɨn-čak; soɣotox < *jalŋoŕak.

Proto-Turkic: *jal-k-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to suffer pain, be nauseated, hate

Russian meaning: чувствовать боль, тошноту, отвращение

Karakhanid: jalq- (MK)

Middle Turkic: jalqɨ- (Pav. C.)

Yakut: sal-t-

Comments: EDT 924, VEWT 183, ЭСТЯ 4, 14-15. Note that modern Kypch. and Sib. forms meaning 'lazy, be lazy' (jalqɨ-, ǯalqɨ-) do not belong here but are rather borrowed < Mong. ǯalka- having a quite different origin (see under *ǯeĺo). On the other hand, cf. the common Turkic derivative *jal-ta-, perhaps reflected in the above Yak. form, as well as in Turkm. jalta, Shor čaltak, Khak. čaltɨ 'lazy', Tur. jaltak 'bootlicker' etc. (see ЭСТЯ 4, 101-102).

Proto-Turkic: *jAlkɨ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to glitter 2 flame, ray

Russian meaning: 1 блестеть, сиять 2 пламя, блеск, луч

Turkish: jalkɨn 2

Tatar: jalqɨ- 1 (dial.), jalqɨn 2

Middle Turkic: jalqun 2 (R)

Uzbek: jɔlqin 2

Uighur: jalqun 2

Turkmen: jalqɨm 2

Oyrat: d́alqɨn 2

Kazakh: žalqɨn 2

Bashkir: jalqɨn 2

Comments: VEWT 181, ЭСТЯ 4, 106-107, Лексика 357. Usually united with *jal- (v. sub *ǯi̯ale), but seems to have a distinct Altaic origin.

Proto-Turkic: *jAl-kɨ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 shallow 2 wave

Russian meaning: 1 мелкий 2 волна

Turkmen: jalpaq 1

Tuva: čalɣɨɣ 1, čalɣɨjaq 2

Comments: (?) Cf. also Chag. jalɣin 'Salzsteppe' etc. ( < 'shallow place'?), see VEWT 183.

Proto-Turkic: *jAlma

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: a thick quilted coat

Russian meaning: толстая стеганая куртка

Old Turkic: jalma (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jalma (MK)

Comments: EDT 929, TMN 4, 190-192.

Proto-Turkic: *jalpɨ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 broad, flat 2 blade, paddle 3 shallow

Russian meaning: 1 широкий, плоский 2 лист, лопасть 3 мелкий

Karakhanid: jalbɨ 1 (MK)

Turkish: jalpɨk 1

Tatar: ǯɛlpɛk 1

Middle Turkic: jalpaq 1 (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: jɔlpɔq 1

Uighur: jalpaq 1

Turkmen: jalpa 2, jalpaq 1, 3

Khakassian: čelbax, nalpax 1

Oyrat: jalbaq, d́albaq 1

Yakut: salbax 2

Dolgan: halbax 'span; foot'

Tuva: čalbaq 1

Tofalar: čalbaq 1

Kirghiz: ǯalpaq 1

Kazakh: žalpaq 1

Noghai: jalpaq 1

Bashkir: jalpaq 1

Gagauz: jalpaq 1

Karaim: jalpaq 1

Karakalpak: žalpaq 1

Kumyk: jalpaq 1

Comments: EDT 919, VEWT 182, ЭСТЯ 4, 14, 100-101, Stachowski 94. This root should be distinguished from *japur-gak 'leaf' and from *jalpɨ- / *jelpi- 'to shake, sway'.

Proto-Turkic: *jAm

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: large earthenware vessel

Russian meaning: большой глиняный сосуд

Middle Turkic: jam (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: jɔm

Kirghiz: ǯam

Comments: VEWT 183. Räsänen compares also Küär. jam-ɨɣ 'zubereitetes Leder' (R 3, 308) - which is possible if the original meaning was "a large vessel for tanning skins". One can also mention Yak. sɨma 'large leather bag' (Пек. 2, 2455 suggests borrowing < Russ. сума, but in that case *sɨmā would be expected).

Proto-Turkic: *jam

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 piece of dust 2 litter floating on the surface of water

Russian meaning: 1 соринка 2 мусор, плавающий по воде

Karakhanid: jam (MK) 1

Tuva: čam 2

Comments: VEWT 205.

Proto-Turkic: *jạm-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 groin 2 pubic hair

Russian meaning: 1 пах 2 волосы в паху

Old Turkic: jamɨz (OUygh.) 1

Karakhanid: jamɨz (MK) 1, jamdu (MK) 2 (EDT: jemdü)

Turkish: jamɨz (dial.) 1

Tatar: jamɨs (dial.) 1

Middle Turkic: jambuz 1 (R.)

Azerbaidzhan: janbɨz 'side, hip'

Turkmen: jamɨz 1

Yakut: sɨmɨs 1

Noghai: jamɨz 1

Balkar: ǯamɨz 1

Comments: VEWT 184, EDT 935, 940, ЭСТЯ 4, 110-111. Turk. > MMong. (MA) ǯamiz (Щербак 1997, 122).

Proto-Turkic: *jam

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: post station

Russian meaning: почтовая станция

Old Turkic: jam (late OUygh.)

Turkish: jam (Red.)

Tatar: jam (possibly from Russian)

Middle Turkic: jam (Abush., Sangl.)

Comments: VEWT 183, EDT 933. Turk. > MMong. ǯam 'post station', WMong. ǯam 'way, street, road' (hardly vice versa; see the discussion in Щербак 1997, 195). Mong. > Man. ǵamun, Nan. jamõ, Ul. jamụ(n), see Doerfer MT 142 (with a strange initial reflex, suggesting rather an unattested Mong. variant *jam; Chinese origin suggested by Doerfer TMN 4, 110-118 is improbable - for purely phonetical reasons: the actual Middle Chinese form was not "*g̀am oder ähnlich", as suggested ibid., but 站 ṭém; even the later fricativized shape čam (Zhongyuan yinyun) can hardly have yielded Mong. ǯam, to say nothing of the TM variants with j-).

Proto-Turkic: *jama-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to patch

Russian meaning: латать, штопать

Karakhanid: jama- (MK)

Turkish: jama-

Tatar: jama-

Middle Turkic: jama- (Ettuhf.)

Uzbek: jama-

Uighur: jama-

Sary-Yughur: jama-

Azerbaidzhan: jama-

Turkmen: jama-

Khakassian: nama-

Shor: naba-

Oyrat: jama-, d́ama-

Yakut: samā-

Dolgan: hamā-

Tuva: čama-

Kirghiz: ǯama-

Kazakh: žama-

Noghai: jama-

Bashkir: jama-

Balkar: zama-

Gagauz: jama-

Karaim: jama-

Karakalpak: žama-

Salar: jama-

Kumyk: jama-

Comments: VEWT 184, EDT 934-935, ЭСТЯ 4, 108, Stachowski 94. Turk. > WMong. ǯama-, Kalm. zamǝ- (KW 466).

Proto-Turkic: *jAmač

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: side of a mountain

Russian meaning: склон горы

Turkish: jamač

Middle Turkic: jamač, jamaǯ (R, Pav. C.)

Azerbaidzhan: jamaǯ

Turkmen: jamač (dial.)

Gagauz: jamač

Comments: VEWT 184, ЭСТЯ 4, 111.

Proto-Turkic: *jAmak

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: helper

Russian meaning: помощник

Turkish: jamak

Middle Turkic: jamaɣ (R)

Comments: VEWT 184.

Proto-Turkic: *jAman

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 bad, wicked 2 sickness, inflammation

Russian meaning: 1 плохой, скверный 2 болезнь, воспаление

Old Turkic: jaman 1 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jaman 1 (MK)

Turkish: jaman 1

Tatar: jaman 1

Middle Turkic: jaman (AH) 1

Uzbek: jɔmɔn 1

Uighur: jaman 1

Sary-Yughur: jaman 1

Azerbaidzhan: jaman 1

Turkmen: jaman 1, 2

Oyrat: jaman, d́aman 1, 2

Kirghiz: ǯaman 1

Kazakh: žaman 1

Noghai: jaman 1

Bashkir: jaman 1

Balkar: aman 1

Karaim: jaman 1

Karakalpak: žaman 1

Salar: jaman 1

Kumyk: jaman 1

Comments: VEWT 184, EDT 937, ЭСТЯ 4, 109. Cf. Yak. sɨmɨja 'lie, deceit'. The meaning 'bad disease' is attested already in Old Turkic.

Proto-Turkic: *jĀmčɨk > *jānčɨk

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: pocket, sash, bag

Russian meaning: карман, мешочек, сумка

Karakhanid: jančuq (MK)

Turkish: janǯɨk

Tatar: jančɨq

Middle Turkic: jančuq (Houts., AH)

Uzbek: jɔnčiq

Uighur: jančuq

Turkmen: jānǯɨq

Khakassian: nančɨɣ, nandɨx

Oyrat: jančɨq, d́ančɨq

Tuva: čančɨq

Bashkir: jansɨq

Karaim: jančɨq, jančɨx

Salar: jenǯux

Kumyk: jančiq

Comments: VEWT 185, EDT 945, ЭСТЯ 4, 118 (related to *jān 'side' by folk-etymology). The old form is preserved in Osm. jamčɨ 'raincoat' etc. (VEWT 184, ЭСТЯ 4, 110; Turk. > Mong. ǯamči, ǯaŋči).

Proto-Turkic: *jAn-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to turn back 2 again

Russian meaning: 1 поворачивать назад 2 снова

Old Turkic: jan- 1 (Orkh., OUygh.), jana 2 (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jan- 1 (MK), jana 2 (MK)

Turkish: jine, jene 2

Tatar: jan- 1, jɛnɛ 2

Middle Turkic: jan- 1, jana 2 (Бор. Бад., Abush.)

Uzbek: jɔn- 1, jana 2

Uighur: jan- 1, jana 2

Sary-Yughur: jan- 1

Azerbaidzhan: jenä 2

Turkmen: jene 2

Khakassian: nan- 1

Shor: nan- 1

Oyrat: jan-, d́an- 1

Tuva: čan- 1

Kirghiz: ǯan- 1, ǯana 2

Kazakh: žäne 2

Noghai: jana 2

Bashkir: jänä 2

Karaim: jana, janɨ, jane 2

Karakalpak: žäne 2

Comments: EDT 941-942, 943, ЭСТЯ 4, 111-112, 114-115.

Proto-Turkic: *jań-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to rout 2 to lead smth. aside 3 to take smb. along

Russian meaning: 1 выгонять, обращать в бегство 2 отводить в сторону 3 брать кого-л. с собой

Old Turkic: jaj- (Ongin) 1, jań-

Yakut: sãjɨs- 3

Tuva: čaj- 2

Comments: EDT 942. Cf. also *jaj-ra- 'to fall apart' (VEWT 179, ЭСТЯ 4, 80); the root is somewhat hard to distinguish from *jāj- 'to shake' - but seems to be distinct.

Proto-Turkic: *jạnč- / *jenč-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to crush

Russian meaning: ломать

Old Turkic: janč- (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: janč-, jenč- (MK)

Turkish: jenč-

Tatar: jɛnče-

Middle Turkic: jenč- (R.)

Uzbek: jänč-

Uighur: jänč-

Turkmen: jenč-

Shor: naš-

Yakut: sɨs- / sɨń-

Kirghiz: ǯanč-

Kazakh: žanšɨ-

Noghai: janšɨ-

Karaim: janč-, jenč-, janc-

Karakalpak: ženš-

Kumyk: janč-

Comments: EDT 944, ЭСТЯ 4, 184-185. Turk. > WMong. ǯanči-, janči-, KW 466, Щербак 1997, 122. See also notes to *jān(u)- 'threaten'.

Proto-Turkic: *jan-, *jan-tɨr-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to burn (itr.), blaze up 2 to burn (tr.) 3 to kindle 4 to shine

Russian meaning: 1 гореть, загораться 2 жечь 3 зажигать 4 светить

Karakhanid: jan- 1 (MK)

Turkish: jan- 1

Tatar: jan- 1, jandɨr- 2

Middle Turkic: jan- 1 (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: jɔn- 1

Uighur: jan- 1 (dial.)

Azerbaidzhan: jan- 1, jandɨr- 2

Turkmen: jan- 1

Chuvash: śon- 1, śondar- 2

Yakut: san-dār- 4

Kirghiz: ǯan- 1

Kazakh: žan- 1

Noghai: jan- 1, jandɨr- 2

Bashkir: jan- 1

Balkar: žan- 1

Gagauz: jan- 1

Karaim: jan- 1

Karakalpak: žan- 1

Kumyk: jan- 1

Comments: VEWT 184, EDT 942, 947-948, ЭСТЯ 4, 112, Федотов 2, 136, Лексика 362.