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Proto-Turkic: *jẹŋ-
Meaning: to win
Russian meaning: побеждать
Turkish: jen-
Tatar: ǯiŋ-
Uzbek: jeŋ-
Uighur: jäŋ-
Azerbaidzhan: jen-, jin- (dial.)
Turkmen: jeŋ-
Khakassian: čiŋ-
Shor: neŋ-, neg-
Oyrat: jeŋ-, d́eŋ-
Halaj: jeŋg-
Chuvash: śǝn-
Kirghiz: ǯeŋ-
Kazakh: žeŋ-
Noghai: jeŋ-
Bashkir: jeŋ-
Balkar: ǯeŋ-
Gagauz: jen-
Karaim: jeŋg-, jeń-
Karakalpak: žeŋ-
Kumyk: jeŋ-
Comments: EDT 942, ЭСТЯ 4, 187, Лексика 576. Ramstedt's hypothesis of *jeŋ- being derived from *jeg- 'better, top' could be accepted, but the Ud. parallel diŋe- makes it questionable. We prefer to regard -ŋ- here as the root consonant.Proto-Turkic: *jeŋe
Meaning: elder brother's wife
Russian meaning: жена старшего брата
Old Turkic: jeŋge (OUygh.)
Turkish: jeŋge
Tatar: ǯiŋgɛ
Uighur: jeŋge
Sary-Yughur: jeŋge, jiŋge, iŋge
Azerbaidzhan: jeŋgä
Turkmen: jeŋŋe
Khakassian: nige
Shor: neŋe
Oyrat: jeŋe, d́eŋe
Halaj: neŋe
Yakut: saŋas
Dolgan: haŋas
Tuva: čeŋge
Kirghiz: ǯeŋe
Kazakh: žeŋge
Noghai: jeŋge
Bashkir: jeŋge
Karakalpak: žeŋge
Salar: jeŋGo, jeŋko, jaŋgu
Proto-Turkic: *jeŋgü-l, jeŋi-k
Meaning: light
Russian meaning: легкий
Old Turkic: jenik, jöŋül (OUygh.)
Karakhanid: jüŋül (Tefs. , IM ), jenik 'light', jeni- 'to become light' (MK , KB ) Turkish: jeni, jünül, jejni
Tatar: ǯiŋel
Uzbek: jeŋil
Uighur: jenik, jeŋil
Sary-Yughur: ǯig (<*jeŋig)
Azerbaidzhan: jüngül, jejin
Turkmen: jeŋil
Khakassian: nīk (< *jeŋik)
Oyrat: d́eŋil
Halaj: jiŋgil, jejin
Chuvash: śъʷmъʷl
Tuva: čīk (< *jeŋik)
Tofalar: niŋeš
Kirghiz: ǯeŋil
Kazakh: žeŋil
Noghai: jeŋil
Bashkir: jeŋel
Balkar: ǯeŋgil, žengil, zengil
Gagauz: jilin
Karaim: jeŋil, jeŋgil, jenil
Karakalpak: žeŋil
Kumyk: jeŋil
Proto-Turkic: *jẹr
Meaning: earth, land
Russian meaning: земля
Old Turkic: jer (Orkh., Yen., OUygh.)
Karakhanid: jẹr (MK ), jer (KB ) Turkish: jer
Tatar: ǯir
Uzbek: jer
Uighur: jär
Sary-Yughur: jer
Azerbaidzhan: jer
Turkmen: jer
Khakassian: čir
Shor: čer (R.)
Oyrat: d́er
Halaj: jer
Chuvash: śǝr
Yakut: sir
Dolgan: hir
Tuva: čer
Tofalar: čer
Kirghiz: ǯer
Kazakh: žer
Noghai: jer
Bashkir: jer
Balkar: žer
Gagauz: jeŕ
Karaim: jer
Karakalpak: žer
Salar: jer
Kumyk: jer
Proto-Turkic: *jEŕ
Meaning: copper
Russian meaning: медь
Tatar: ǯiz
Uzbek: ǯez
Uighur: ǯäz
Sary-Yughur: ǯes
Khakassian: čis
Shor: čes
Oyrat: jes, d́es
Tuva: čes
Tofalar: čes
Kirghiz: ǯez
Kazakh: žez
Noghai: jez
Bashkir: jeδ
Balkar: zez
Karaim: jez
Karakalpak: žez
Kumyk: jez
Proto-Turkic: *jẹr-
Meaning: to hate
Russian meaning: ненавидеть, питать отвращение
Old Turkic: jer- (OUygh.)
Turkish: jer-
Azerbaidzhan: jer-
Turkmen: īr-
Oyrat: jeri-
Yakut: sir-
Kirghiz: ǯeri-
Kazakh: žer-
Karakalpak: žeri-
Comments: EDT 955, ЭСТЯ 4, 193, VEWT 198. Yakut shows that the Turkm. length is secondary (īr- = jir-).Proto-Turkic: *jeŕne
Meaning: son-in-law, sister's husband
Russian meaning: зять, муж сестры
Tatar: ǯiznɛ, ǯizni
Uzbek: ǯeznä, ǯezdä
Sary-Yughur: jezde
Azerbaidzhan: jeznä
Turkmen: jezne (dial.)
Khakassian: čiste
Shor: česte
Oyrat: jeste, d́este
Tuva: česte
Kirghiz: ǯezde
Kazakh: žezde
Noghai: jezde
Karakalpak: žezde
Comments: EDT 988, VEWT 199, TMN 4, 165, ЭСТЯ 4, 169-170, Лексика 298. Cf. also Chuv. śarmъk 'young, young man' ( > Hung. gyermek).Proto-Turkic: *jẹrük
Meaning: 1 alder 2 cedar
Russian meaning: 1 ольха 2 кедр
Tatar: jerek, jörek 1
Shor: jürgek 2
Oyrat: jürük 2
Chuvash: śirǝk 1
Bashkir: jerek 1
Balkar: ǯerk 1
Comments: ЭСТЯ 4, 206-207, VEWT 204, Лексика 130-131. Turk. > Hung. gyűrű 'maple'.Proto-Turkic: *jẹt-
Meaning: to reach
Russian meaning: достигать
Old Turkic: jet- (OUygh.)
Turkish: jet-
Tatar: ǯit-
Uzbek: jet-
Uighur: jät-
Sary-Yughur: jet-, jit-
Azerbaidzhan: jet-iš-
Turkmen: jet-
Khakassian: čit-
Shor: čet-
Oyrat: jät-, d́et-
Chuvash: śit-
Yakut: sit-
Dolgan: hit-
Tuva: če`t-
Kirghiz: ǯet-
Kazakh: žet-
Noghai: jet-
Bashkir: jet-
Balkar: ǯet-, zet-
Gagauz: jet-
Karaim: jet-
Karakalpak: žet-
Salar: jet-
Kumyk: jet-
Proto-Turkic: *jẹt(t)i
Meaning: seven
Russian meaning: семь
Old Turkic: jeti (Yen., OUygh.)
Turkish: jedi
Tatar: ǯide
Uzbek: jetti
Uighur: jätti
Sary-Yughur: jeti, jiti, ǯetä
Azerbaidzhan: jeddi
Turkmen: jedi
Khakassian: čittǝ
Shor: četti
Oyrat: jeti
Halaj: jieti, jätti (< Az.?)
Chuvash: śiǯǝ
Yakut: sette
Dolgan: hette
Tuva: čedi
Tofalar: čedi
Kirghiz: ǯeti
Kazakh: žeti
Noghai: jeti
Bashkir: jete
Balkar: jeti, ǯeti, žeti
Gagauz: jedi
Karaim: jedi
Karakalpak: žeti
Salar: jitti
Kumyk: jetti
Proto-Turkic: *jē-
Meaning: to eat
Russian meaning: есть
Old Turkic: je- (OUygh.)
Karakhanid: je-, jẹ- (MK , KB ) Turkish: je-
Tatar: ǯim 'food'
Uzbek: je-
Uighur: jä-
Sary-Yughur: ji-
Azerbaidzhan: je-
Turkmen: ij-
Khakassian: če-
Shor: čī-
Oyrat: d́e-
Halaj: jiē-
Chuvash: śi-
Yakut: sie-
Dolgan: hie-
Tuva: či-
Tofalar: či-
Kirghiz: ǯe-
Kazakh: že-
Noghai: je-
Bashkir: je-
Balkar: ǯeje- (arch.)
Gagauz: i-
Karaim: je-
Karakalpak: že-
Salar: ji-
Kumyk: je-
Proto-Turkic: *jēbke
Meaning: wolverine
Russian meaning: росомаха
Khakassian: jekpe
Yakut: siegen
Dolgan: hiegen
Tuva: čekpe
Proto-Turkic: *jēl
Meaning: 1 mane 2 feather
Russian meaning: 1 грива 2 перо
Old Turkic: jel 1 (OUygh.)
Turkish: jele 1
Sary-Yughur: ǯeĺɨ 1
Azerbaidzhan: läläk 2
Turkmen: jelek 2
Khakassian: čilen 1
Halaj: jälǟk 2
Chuvash: śilɣe 1
Yakut: siel 1
Tuva: čel 1
Tofalar: čel 1
Gagauz: jelä 1
Karaim: lelek 2
Comments: VEWT 181, TMN 4, 188-189, EDT 916, ЭСТЯ 4, 85-86 (confused with *jāl, v. sub *dā́lV ), Лексика 147, 566. The Oghuz name of 'feather' (jelek / lelek, see ЭСТЯ 4, 179) is probably derived from this root; perhaps also *jel-ke 'back of head (including the neck)', see VEWT 196, ЭСТЯ 4, 181.Proto-Turkic: *jēl-
Meaning: to ride, trot
Russian meaning: бежать (рысью), нестись
Old Turkic: jel- (Orkh.)
Karakhanid: jel- (MK , KB ) Turkish: jel-
Tatar: ǯil-
Uzbek: jel-
Azerbaidzhan: jel-li `quickly'
Turkmen: jel-me `trot'
Shor: čel-
Oyrat: jäl-, d́el-
Yakut: siel-
Tuva: čel-
Kirghiz: ǯel-
Kazakh: žel-
Noghai: jeli-
Bashkir: jel-
Karakalpak: žel-
Proto-Turkic: *jẹ̄miĺč
Meaning: vegetable, fruit
Russian meaning: овощи, фрукты
Old Turkic: jemiš (OUygh.)
Turkish: jemiš
Tatar: jimeš
Uighur: jemiš
Azerbaidzhan: jemiš
Turkmen: ijmiš
Khakassian: nimĭs
Chuvash: śimǝś
Tuva: čemiš 'nut kernel'
Kirghiz: ǯimeš
Kazakh: žemĭs
Bashkir: jemeš
Balkar: ǯemiš
Karakalpak: žemis
Proto-Turkic: *(j)ẹ̄n-čik
Meaning: 1 shin, shank 2 shin bone 3 boot-top strap 4 heel
Russian meaning: 1 голень 2 кость голени 3 ремешки для подтягивания голенищ 4 пятка
Karakhanid: jinǯik 2 (IM ) Turkish: inǯik 1
Middle Turkic: inǯik 'cou de pied' (Pav. C. ) Turkmen: īnǯik 1, 2
Shor: enǯik 4
Oyrat: enčik 4 (Leb.)
Yakut: inńiäx 1 (Пек. 1941) Tuva: inčik 3
Bashkir: jensek 1
Balkar: inčik 2
Karaim: inčik, inǯik 1
Salar: inǯix голень (ССЯ ) Proto-Turkic: *(j)ēp-
Meaning: 1 be on one's way 2 send
Russian meaning: 1 быть в пути 2 посылать
Tatar: žibɛr- 2
Uzbek: ibɛr-, jubɔr- 2
Uighur: ebɛr- 2
Turkmen: īber- 2
Chuvash: jabal- 1
Yakut: īp- 1
Kirghiz: ǯiber- 2
Kazakh: žiber- 2
Noghai: jiber- 2
Bashkir: jebɛr- 2
Karaim: jeber-
Karakalpak: žiber-
Comments: ЭСТЯ 1, 322-324, Мудрак Дисс. 198. The explanation < *ɨ̄d-bar- 'lead and take' is clearly unsatisfactory.Proto-Turkic: *jib-
Meaning: 1 instrument, equipment 2 to provide, equip
Russian meaning: 1 инструмент, оборудование 2 оборудовать, снабжать
Old Turkic: jivig 1, jivit- 2 (OUygh.)
Proto-Turkic: *jib
Meaning: 1 seam 2 to sew
Russian meaning: 1 шов 2 шить
Turkish: jiv 1
Tatar: ǯöj 1, ǯöj- 2
Azerbaidzhan: jiv 1
Chuvash: śǝʷvǝʷ- 2, śǝʷv 1
Bashkir: jöj 1, jöj- 2
Karakalpak: jüj 1
Comments: EDT 911, ЭСТЯ 4, 197-198, VEWT 202-203. On the derived *jib-sek ( > *jüb-sek, *jüg-sek) 'thimble' see ЭСТЯ 4, 257-258, Stachowski 117. Bulg. > Hung. szű- in szűcz 'furrier, tailor' (*jib-či), cf. MNyTESz 3, 810.Proto-Turkic: *jidge, *jidge-lek
Meaning: 1 jujube 2 strawberry, berry
Russian meaning: 1 ююба, лох 2 земляника, ягода
Old Turkic: jigde 1 (OUygh.)
Turkish: ijde 1
Tatar: ǯiläk, jeläk (dial.) 2
Uzbek: ǯijda 1
Uighur: ǯigdä 1
Azerbaidzhan: ijdä 1
Turkmen: igde 1
Khakassian: čistek, sestek 2
Oyrat: d́ilek 2
Chuvash: śɨrla 2
Kirghiz: ǯijde 1
Kazakh: žijde 1, židek 2
Noghai: jelek 2
Bashkir: jeläk 2
Balkar: ǯilek 2
Karakalpak: žijde 1
Kumyk: ǯijelek 2
Comments: EDT 911, VEWT 202, ЭСТЯ 1, 325-326, Лексика 122, 140. Turk. (Bulg.) > Hung. szőlő 'grape' (<*śiδleɣ), see Gombocz 1912 , MNyTESz 3, 794. Turk. *jigde > Mong. ǯigde, ǯegde (Щербак 1997 , 123); but the TM forms are not borrowed, despite Doerfer MT 73.turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-khal,turcet-chv,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-khal,turcet-jak,turcet-dolg,turcet-tuv,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-klpx,turcet-sal,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-alt,turcet-khal,turcet-chv,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-khal,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,turcet-dolg,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-krh,turcet-tat,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-chg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-alt,turcet-jak,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-klpx,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-krh,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-tuv,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-klpx,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-tat,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-chv,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,turcet-dolg,turcet-tuv,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-khal,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,turcet-dolg,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-khal,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,turcet-dolg,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-hak,turcet-jak,turcet-dolg,turcet-tuv,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-khal,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-jak,turcet-tuv,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-klpx,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uig,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-chv,turcet-tuv,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-klpx,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-trm,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-jak,turcet-tuv,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-krmx,turcet-sal,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-tat,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-trm,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-azb,turcet-chv,turcet-bas,turcet-klpx,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-alt,turcet-chv,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-klpx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,
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