Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *KAj

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 shaman spirit 2 throat singing

Russian meaning: 1 шаманский дух 2 горловое пение

Sary-Yughur: qaj 1

Khakassian: xaj 2

Shor: qajla- 2

Oyrat: qajla- 2

Chuvash: > Mari xoj 'Gespräch'

Comments: VEWT 221. If the original meaning is 'air movement' (cf. the external evidence), cf. also Chuv. kü 'strong odour'.

Proto-Turkic: *Kaj-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to pay respect

Russian meaning: относиться уважительно

Old Turkic: qaj- (Yenis., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: qaj- (MK)

Turkish: kajɨr-

Khakassian: xaj-

Tuva: xaj dēr 'to still, pacify'

Kirghiz: qajɨš-

Kazakh: qajɨs-

Comments: EDT 674, ЭСТЯ 5, 194.

Proto-Turkic: *Kạjɨn-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to boil (Intr.)

Russian meaning: вариться

Old Turkic: qajɨn- (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: qajna- (MK, KB)

Turkish: kajna-

Tatar: qajna-

Middle Turkic: qajna- (Qutb., IM)

Uzbek: qɛjnɛ-

Uighur: qajna-

Azerbaidzhan: Gajna-

Turkmen: Gajna-

Khakassian: xajna-

Oyrat: qajna-

Yakut: kɨ̄j- (kɨńńɨ-)

Dolgan: kɨjnar-, kɨ̄jnar- (trans.)

Tuva: xajɨn-

Tofalar: xēin-

Kirghiz: qajna-

Kazakh: qajna-

Noghai: qajna-

Bashkir: qajna-

Gagauz: qajna-

Karakalpak: qajna-

Comments: VEWT 222, ЭСТЯ 5, 203-205, Stachowski 168, 171.

Proto-Turkic: *Kạjɨr

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 salt steppe 2 sandbank 3 gravel 4 sand

Russian meaning: 1 солончак 2 песчаный берег 3 гравий 4 песок

Karakhanid: qajɨr 1, 4 (MK Oghuz)

Turkish: kajɨr 2

Middle Turkic: (OKypch.) qajɨr (Houts. 94, AH 74)

Uzbek: dial. qɛjir 3

Turkmen: dial. Gajɨr 3, 4

Chuvash: xъjъr 4

Yakut: xajɨr tās 3

Tuva: xajɨr 1

Kazakh: qajɨr 2

Noghai: qajɨr 4

Karakalpak: qajɨr 2

Kumyk: qajɨr 3

Comments: VEWT 221-222, EDT 678, ЭСТЯ 5, 206, 217, Лексика 97. Turk. > WMong. qajir, Kalm. xǟr (KW 180).

Proto-Turkic: *KAjɨr

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: castoreum, the odorous secretion of the beaver

Russian meaning: мускус, пахучие выделения бобра

Old Turkic: qajɨr (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: qunduz qajɨrɨ (MK)

Tatar: Sib. qajɨr

Middle Turkic: qajɨr (Sangl.)

Khakassian: xajɨr

Shor: qajɨr

Comments: VEWT 222, EDT 678-679.

Proto-Turkic: *Kajɨra-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to whet, sharpen 2 to rub teeth

Russian meaning: 1 точить, заострять 2 тереть зубами

Turkish: kajra- (dial.)

Tatar: qajra- 2

Uzbek: qajra- 2

Uighur: qɛjrɛ- 2

Turkmen: Gajra- 1

Khakassian: xajɨra- 1

Oyrat: qaira- 2

Chuvash: xъjra- 2 (Anatri)

Kirghiz: qajra- 2

Kazakh: qajra- 2

Noghai: qajra- 2

Bashkir: qajra- 2

Karakalpak: qajra- 2

Comments: ЭСТЯ 5, 205. The Turk. derivative *kajɨrak 'whetstone' > Mong. qajiraɣ, see TMN 3, 568-569. Cf. also Kaz., Tat. qajau 'notch', Tur. qajaɣan 'whetstone' (R 2, 90) and Yak. xajgɨa, xojguo 'notch'; Yak. xaja, Dolg. kaja '(to tear) apart', Yak. xajɨt- 'to break, tear apart', Dolg. kajɨt- id., kajɨn- (itr.) (see Stachowski 133, 134, 135).

Proto-Turkic: *KAk

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: dry

Russian meaning: сухой

Karakhanid: qaq (MK)

Turkish: dial. kak, kah

Tatar: qaq

Middle Turkic: qaq (Sangl., Abush.)

Uzbek: qɔq

Uighur: qaq

Azerbaidzhan: Gax

Turkmen: qaq

Oyrat: qaq

Kirghiz: qaq

Kazakh: qaq

Noghai: qaq

Bashkir: qaq

Karakalpak: qaq

Kumyk: qaq

Comments: VEWT 223, ЭСТЯ 5, 218-220, EDT 608.

Proto-Turkic: *KAk-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to hit, knock, tear

Russian meaning: бить, стучать, рвать

Karakhanid: qaq- (MK)

Turkish: kak-

Tatar: qaq-

Middle Turkic: qaq- (Houts., AH, Qutb, MA)

Uzbek: qɔq-

Uighur: qaq-

Azerbaidzhan: Gax-

Turkmen: qaq-, qaqɨl-

Khakassian: xax-

Oyrat: qaq-

Dolgan: kakrɨj- 'break into small pieces'

Tuva: qaq-

Tofalar: qa'q-

Kirghiz: qaq-

Kazakh: qaq-

Noghai: qaq-

Bashkir: qaq-

Balkar: qaq-

Gagauz: qaq-

Karaim: qaq-

Karakalpak: qaq-

Kumyk: qaq-

Comments: VEWT 223, ЭСТЯ 5, 221-222, Stachowski 135.

Proto-Turkic: *KAkɨ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to be angry

Russian meaning: сердиться

Old Turkic: qaqɨ- (OUygh.), qaqɨ-ɣ 'anger'

Karakhanid: qaqɨ-, qaqu- (MK)

Turkish: kakɨ-

Middle Turkic: qaqɨ- (AH, Qutb., Pav. C.)

Turkmen: qaqɨ-

Kirghiz: qaq-

Karaim: qaqɨ-

Comments: VEWT 223, ЭСТЯ 5, 223-224. Turk. > WMong. qaki-, Kalm. χäkǝ- (KW 176).

Proto-Turkic: *KAkma

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: a k. of sheepskin

Russian meaning: вид овчины

Middle Turkic: qaqma (CCum., ShS)

Comments: VEWT 224.

Proto-Turkic: *KĀĺ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 jade 2 precious stone, the bezel of a finger ring

Russian meaning: 1 яшма 2 драгоценный камень, гнездо в кольце

Karakhanid: qaš (MK) 1

Turkish: kaš 2

Tatar: qaš 2

Middle Turkic: qaš (Houts., IM, Pav. C., MA) 1, 2

Uighur: qaš 2

Azerbaidzhan: Gaš 2

Turkmen: Gāš 2

Tuva: xaš 2

Kirghiz: qaš 2

Noghai: qas 2

Bashkir: qaš 2

Kumyk: qaš 2

Comments: EDT 669. KW 171. Turk. > Mong. qas(i), (HY) qaši, see Clark 1980, 41, 42, Щербак 1997, 134.

Proto-Turkic: *Kal-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 old man 2 to be tired 3 to be ~ years old

Russian meaning: 1 старик 2 уставать 3 иметь возраст

Old Turkic: qal- (Orkh., YB) 3

Karakhanid: qal (MK) 1

Middle Turkic: qal- 'to come to an end' (CCum.)

Oyrat: qala- 2

Chuvash: xoll-en 'slowly'

Comments: VEWT 224. EDT 615-616. Chuv. xullen is derived (by Tekin 1975, 281) from PT *K(i)aĺaŋ (v. sub *ki̯oĺa), but it rather belongs here.

Proto-Turkic: *KAĺak

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: bulrush, reedmace

Russian meaning: камыш, рогоз

Karakhanid: qašaq (MK)

Kirghiz: qašaq (VEWT), qašeq 'aftergrass'

Comments: VEWT 240.

Proto-Turkic: *KAĺan

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 urine 2 to urinate (of a horse)

Russian meaning: 1 моча 2 мочиться (о лошади)

Karakhanid: qašan- 2

Turkish: kašan 1, kašan- 2

Middle Turkic: qašɨn- (Houts.)

Azerbaidzhan: Gašan- 2

Noghai: qasan- 2

Comments: EDT 674, ЭСТЯ 5, 348.

Proto-Turkic: *KAlba

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: wild garlic, leek

Russian meaning: черемша

Old Turkic: ? qalma 'a k. of food' (Rach.)

Khakassian: xalba

Shor: qalba

Oyrat: qalma

Tuva: xɨlba

Comments: VEWT 227. Cf. an OT (MK) Hapax keleb 'a tender plant which grows in the Turk's summer pastures and fattens livestock quickly' (EDT 716), keleb-le- 'to be covered by this plant (of a mountain)', for which cf. also Sak. kalarbä 'a k. of plant, whose root is used in medicine' (Bailey 35). See also Стеблин-Каменский 1982, 77, comparing the Sak. form with Pers., Tadzh. kalam 'cabbage' (> Turkm. kelem) - these all may be variously transformed substratum loanwords, cf. also Greek krambǟ 'cabbage, radish, rutabaga' - according to Frisk possibly < Pelasg.

Proto-Turkic: *KAĺ(č)ga

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: white spot, white blaze

Russian meaning: белое пятно, лысина

Karakhanid: qašɣa (MK)

Turkish: kaška

Tatar: qašqa

Middle Turkic: qašqa (AH, MA)

Uzbek: qɛšqɛ

Uighur: qašqa

Azerbaidzhan: GašGa

Turkmen: dial. GašGa

Khakassian: xasxa

Shor: qašqa

Kirghiz: qašqa, qačqa

Kazakh: qasqa

Noghai: qasqa

Bashkir: qašqa

Balkar: qašxa

Karakalpak: qasqa

Comments: VEWT 241, ЭСТЯ 5, 350-351. Cf. also the probable deriving stem in Tuva xaš 'worked thin leather', Tof. xaš 'naked, napless (skin)' (Рас. ФиЛ 186).

Proto-Turkic: *Kạĺčɨ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to scrape

Russian meaning: скрести, царапать

Karakhanid: qašɨ- (MK)

Turkish: kašɨ-

Tatar: qašɨ-

Middle Turkic: qašɨ- (Abush., MA)

Uzbek: qaši-

Azerbaidzhan: Gašɨ-

Turkmen: Gaša-

Chuvash: xɨś-

Yakut: kɨhɨj-

Kirghiz: qašɨ-

Kazakh: qasɨ-

Noghai: qasɨ-

Bashkir: qašɨ-

Karakalpak: qasɨ-

Comments: VEWT 240, ЭСТЯ 5, 348, Мудрак 98. Turkic is a probable source of MMong qaši'ur 'scraper' (cf. Chag. qašaɣu etc., see Щербак 1997, 135).

Proto-Turkic: *Kạl(ɨ)-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to rise 2 jump up

Russian meaning: 1 подниматься 2 подпрыгивать

Old Turkic: qalɨ- (OUygh.) 1

Karakhanid: qalɨ- (MK, KB) 2

Turkish: kalk(ɨ)- 2, kal-dɨr- (caus.)

Tatar: qalq- 1,2

Middle Turkic: qalq- (Pav. C., Буд.) 1, (Houts., IM) 2, qal-dur- (caus.) (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: qalq- 1, qalqi- 1, 2

Azerbaidzhan: Galx- 1, Gal-dɨr- (caus.)

Turkmen: Galk- 1, Gal-dɨr- (caus.)

Khakassian: xalɨ- 1,2 (dial. Sag.)

Oyrat: qalɨ- 1,2

Yakut: kɨlɨj- 1,2

Tuva: xalɨ- 1,2

Kirghiz: qalqɨ- 1

Kazakh: qalqɨ- 1

Noghai: qalq- 1

Bashkir: qalq- 1

Karakalpak: qalqɨ- 1

Kumyk: qalq- 1

Comments: VEWT 226, ЭСТЯ 5, 224-226.

Proto-Turkic: *Kalɨm

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 ransom for bride 2 fee

Russian meaning: 1 выкуп за невесту 2 штраф, подать

Old Turkic: qalan (OUygh.) 2

Karakhanid: qalɨŋ (MK) 1

Turkish: kalɨn 1

Tatar: qalɨm 1

Middle Turkic: qalɨn (Houts., Pav. C., Буд.) 1

Uzbek: qalin

Turkmen: Galɨŋ 2

Khakassian: xalɨm 1

Oyrat: qalɨm, qalɨŋ 1

Chuvash: xolъm 1

Yakut: xalɨm, xalɨ̄m 1

Tuva: xɨlɨŋ 1 (dial. Todzh.)

Tofalar: xɨlɨm 1

Kirghiz: qalɨŋ 1

Kazakh: qalɨŋ 1

Noghai: qalɨm 1

Bashkir: qalɨm 1

Balkar: qalɨn 1

Karakalpak: qalɨŋ 1

Kumyk: qalɨm 1

Comments: VEWT 226, TMN 3, 399, 488, ЭСТЯ 5, 239-240, Федотов 2, 354. Turk. > Mong. qalan 'fee, tax' (Щербак 1997, 197).

Proto-Turkic: *Kalɨŋ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 thick, stiff 2 numerous

Russian meaning: 1 толстый, густой 2 многочисленный

Old Turkic: qalɨn (Orkh.) 1, qalɨn (OUygh.) 2

Karakhanid: qalɨn (MK) 1, (MK, KB) 2

Turkish: kalɨn 1

Tatar: qalɨn 1

Middle Turkic: qalɨŋ (Qutb.) 1, qalɨn (MA, Houts., Abush., AH, Pav. C.) 1

Uzbek: qɛlin 1

Uighur: qelin 1

Azerbaidzhan: Galɨn 1

Turkmen: Galɨŋ 1

Khakassian: xalɨn 1

Oyrat: qalɨŋ 1

Chuvash: xulъn, xolъm 1

Yakut: xalɨŋ 1

Tuva: qɨlɨn, dial. Todzh. 1

Tofalar: xɨlɨn 1

Kirghiz: qalɨŋ 1

Kazakh: qalɨŋ 1

Noghai: qalɨn 1

Bashkir: qalɨn 1

Karakalpak: qalɨŋ 1

Kumyk: qalɨn 1

Comments: VEWT 226, ЭСТЯ 5, 238-239, Федотов 2, 354-355.