Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *sag-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to milk

Russian meaning: доить

Old Turkic: saɣ- (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: saɣ- (MK)

Turkish: sā-, dial. saɣ-

Tatar: saw-

Middle Turkic: saɣ- (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: sɔɣ-

Uighur: saɣ-

Sary-Yughur: saɣ-

Azerbaidzhan: saɣ-

Turkmen: saG-

Khakassian: saɣ-

Oyrat: sā-

Halaj: sa:ɣ-

Chuvash: sъʷv-

Yakut: ɨa-

Tuva: saɣ-

Kirghiz: sā-

Kazakh: saw-

Noghai: saw-

Gagauz: sā-

Karaim: sav-

Karakalpak: saw-

Salar: sax-

Kumyk: sav-

Comments: VEWT 393, EDT 804, ЭСТЯ 7.

Proto-Turkic: *sagɨr, *sagrɨ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: thuja

Russian meaning: туя

Old Turkic: saɣrɨ 'a k. of plant' (OUygh. - Suv.)

Tatar: sawɨr

Uzbek: sawir

Bashkir: sawɨr

Comments: ДТС 481, Дмитриева 208.

Proto-Turkic: *sagɨsgan

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: magpie

Russian meaning: сорока

Karakhanid: saɣɨzɣan (MK)

Turkish: saksaɣan

Tatar: sawɨsqan, sajɨsqan

Middle Turkic: saqɨzɣan (Abush., Pav. C.), saqsaɣan (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: zaɣizɣɔn

Uighur: seɣizɣan

Sary-Yughur: saqɨsqan

Azerbaidzhan: saɣsaɣan

Turkmen: saqasGan

Khakassian: sāsxan

Shor: saɣisqan

Oyrat: saŋɨsqan

Tuva: sāsqan

Kirghiz: saɣɨzɣan

Kazakh: sawɨsqan

Noghai: sawɨsqan

Bashkir: hajɨɵqan

Gagauz: saqsan, saqsān

Karaim: sawusqan

Karakalpak: sawɨsqan

Salar: sɨxsɨɣan

Kumyk: sawusɣan

Comments: VEWT 396, Лексика 175, EDT 818, ЭСТЯ 7.

Proto-Turkic: *sagrɨ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 croup skin, shagreen 2 back of horse

Russian meaning: 1 кожа с крупа, шагрень 2 круп лошади

Karakhanid: saɣrɨ 1 (MK)

Turkish: sārɨ, saɣrɨ 1, 2

Tatar: sawrɨ 2

Middle Turkic: saɣrɨ (AH, IM) 2, saɣri (Pav. C.) 1, 2

Uzbek: saɣri 1, 2

Uighur: saɣra 1, 2

Sary-Yughur: saɣɨr

Azerbaidzhan: saɣrɨ 2

Turkmen: saGrɨ 1, 2

Oyrat: sūru, sūrɨ

Chuvash: sъran 'worked leather of bovines'

Kirghiz: sōru 1, 2

Kazakh: sawɨr 2

Noghai: sawɨr 2

Bashkir: hawɨr

Karakalpak: sawrɨ 2, sawɨr 1

Kumyk: savru, sawurɨ 2

Comments: EDT 815, VEWT 393, Лексика 385-386, Дыбо 119, Федотов 2, 30 (but with another etymology), ЭСТЯ 7. Bulg. *suran is the probable source of Tat. suran and Mong. sur(an) 'leather strap' - whence Manchu sur 'strap'.

Proto-Turkic: *sAg[u]n

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: arrow, arrow head

Russian meaning: стрела, наконечник стрелы

Middle Turkic: saɣan (AH)

Khakassian: soɣan

Shor: soɣan

Oyrat: soɣon, sōn

Tuva: soɣun

Comments: VEWT 426, ЭСТЯ 7. Stachowski (193) relates here also Yak. ono-ɣos, Dolg. ono-gos 'arrow', which may be right if onoɣos < *sagun-gač with secondary vowel shortening (although the root should be kept distinct from *sokɨm / *sokan, derived from *sok- 'to pierce, hit' - medial *-g- cannot be explained). See also notes to *sAgut 'vessel'.

Proto-Turkic: *sAgut

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: dishes, vessel; instrument

Russian meaning: посуда, сосуд; орудие, инструмент, утварь, сбруя

Turkish: savut 'weapon'

Tatar: sawɨt

Middle Turkic: sawut, saut (R.), saqɨt (MA)

Uzbek: sɔwut

Uighur: sawut

Turkmen: sowut (arch., dial.)

Kirghiz: sōt

Kazakh: sawɨt

Noghai: sawɨt

Bashkir: hawɨt

Balkar: sawut

Karaim: sawut, saɣɨt

Karakalpak: sawɨt

Kumyk: sawut

Comments: VEWT 393-394. It may be possible to follow Räsänen and to derive the form *sagu-t from *sagu 'corn measure; pail' (see VEWT ibid., ЭСТЯ ibid., EDT 805), which would speak in favour of PT *-g-. On the other hand, cf. Karakh. savdɨč 'a basket plaited from twigs' (EDT 785). The specific synonymy 'vessel, dishes' : 'instrument, gear' and even 'weapon' (cf. KBalk. sawut 'weapon', MTurk. (Zenker) sawut 'arrow with long sharp end', Bashk. dial. ɵawɨt 'hunting knife') may in fact reflect a contamination with a quite different root, see *sag[u]n 'arrow, arrow head'.

Proto-Turkic: *saj

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 area covered with stones, stony desert, stony riverbed 2 shallow place, shallow

Russian meaning: 1 каменистое место, каменистая пустыня, каменистое русло реки 2 мелкое место, мелкий

Old Turkic: saj 1 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: saj 1 (MK)

Turkish: saj 1 (dial.)

Tatar: saj 1, saj-ɨq- 'be shallow'

Middle Turkic: saj 1 (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: sɔj 1, sajɔz 2

Uighur: saj 1

Azerbaidzhan: saj 1

Turkmen: saj 1

Khakassian: saj 1, 2

Shor: saj 1

Oyrat: saj 1

Chuvash: sujъr čulǝ (Anatri) 'pebble, rubble'

Yakut: ajān 'старица'

Tuva: saarɨɣ

Kirghiz: saj 1

Kazakh: saj 1, sajɨz, sajaz 2

Noghai: saj 1

Bashkir: haj 1

Balkar: saj 1

Karaim: saj 1

Karakalpak: saj 1, sajɨz 2

Kumyk: saj 1

Comments: VEWT 394, Лексика 93, EDT 858, ЭСТЯ 7, Ашм. XI, 162. Yak. > Evk., Evn. ajān TMS 1, 21; > Russ. Siber. aján (Аникин 104).

Proto-Turkic: *saj-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to slander, lie 2 slander, lie

Russian meaning: 1 клеветать, лгать 2 клевета, ложь

Uzbek: sajiɣ 'delirium'

Khakassian: sajɣa- 1, sajɣax 2

Oyrat: sajɣaq 2

Chuvash: soj- 1, soj 2

Karakalpak: saj- 1

Comments: VEWT 395, ЭСТЯ 7, Ашм. XI, 160.

Proto-Turkic: *sAj-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to pierce

Russian meaning: прокалывать, вонзать

Old Turkic: saj- (OUygh.)

Uighur: saj-

Shor: saj-

Oyrat: saj-

Kirghiz: saj-

Comments: VEWT 400, ЭСТЯ 7.

Proto-Turkic: *saja-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to be rare, thinned out

Russian meaning: быть редким, прореженным

Tatar: sajɨq- (dial.) 'to become rare', sajaq 'rare'

Khakassian: saja-

Oyrat: saja-

Chuvash: sojak (dial.) 'bastard'

Bashkir: hajaq 'rare' (dial.)

Comments: VEWT 395, TMN 3, 306, ЭСТЯ 7. The root is not widely attested, but its likely derivative is *saja-k 'young male horses separated from the herd; lonely man, wanderer', spread much wider (see ЭСТЯ 7). Chuv. sojak definitely reflects the same form and is not borrowed from Mar. sajak, but rather vice versa, despite Федотов 2, 53.

Proto-Turkic: *saka

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: foot of the mountain

Russian meaning: подножье горы

Karakhanid: saqa (MK)

Kazakh: saɣa

Comments: VEWT 396, EDT 805, ЭСТЯ 7.

Proto-Turkic: *sakak

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 place between the neck and the chin 2 gills 3 beard, barb (of axe)

Russian meaning: 1 место между шеей и подбородком 2 жабры 3 бородка (топора)

Karakhanid: saqaq (MK) 1

Turkish: sakak 1

Tatar: saɣaq 3

Middle Turkic: saqaq 1 (Abush., Бор. Бад., Pav. C.)

Uzbek: saqaq 1 (dial.)

Turkmen: saqaq 1

Oyrat: saɣanaq 3

Chuvash: suɣa, saɣa (Anatri), polъ soɣalъ (Viryal) 2

Kirghiz: saɣaq 1

Kazakh: saɣaq 1

Bashkir: haɣaq 3

Balkar: saɣaq 2

Karakalpak: saɣaq 1, 2

Comments: EDT 807-808, ЭСТЯ 7, Лексика 220-222, Федотов 2, 68, Ашм. IX, 279, XI, 216. There is some confusion between this root and *saŋak (v. sub *seŋa). Turk. > WMong. saɣaɣ, Kalm. saɣǝg (KW 308). PT *sakkal 'beard' (full list of reflexes see in ЭСТЯ 7) is a probable derivative ( > MMong. (SH) saɣal, WMong. saqal, Kalm. saxǝl, KW 308; > Hung. szakál, see Gombocz 1912; Mong. > Evk. sakal etc., see Doerfer MT 100).

Proto-Turkic: *sakanak

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: ends of sticks in tent framework

Russian meaning: концы палочек, составляющих решетку юрты

Kirghiz: saqanaq

Kazakh: saɣanaq

Karakalpak: saɣanaq

Comments: ЭСТЯ 7, Лексика 505 (Turk. > Kalm. saɣǝnǝG id.). Cf. also Tuva saq 'end of bow', Old Turk. saq id. (ЭСТЯ 7).

Proto-Turkic: *sạk(ɨ)-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 aware 2 be aware, protect

Russian meaning: 1 осторожный, бдительный 2 быть осторожным, беречь(ся)

Karakhanid: saq 1, saqɨn- 2 (MK)

Turkish: sak, sax 1 (dial.), sakɨn- 2

Tatar: saq 1

Middle Turkic: saqɨn- 2 (Houts.) , saqin- 2 (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: sɔɣ 1 (dial.)

Sary-Yughur: saqa 1, saq-, saqɨ- 2

Turkmen: saq 1,2

Khakassian: sax 1, saɣɨ- 'to wait'

Oyrat: saqɨ- 2

Chuvash: sɨɣъ 'guard'

Tuva: sa'ɣɨ- 2

Kirghiz: saq 1

Noghai: saq 1

Bashkir: haq 1

Balkar: saq 1

Gagauz: saq 1, saqɨn- 2

Karaim: saqɨn- 2

Karakalpak: saq 1

Kumyk: saq 1

Comments: VEWT 395-6. Turk. > WMong. saɣ, Kalm. sag (KW 307).

Proto-Turkic: *sakɨŕ / *sagɨŕ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: gum, resin

Russian meaning: смола, мастика

Karakhanid: saɣɨz, saqɨz (MK)

Turkish: sakɨz

Tatar: saɣɨz

Middle Turkic: saqɨz (IM, Pav. C.)

Uzbek: saɣiz

Uighur: seɣiz

Azerbaidzhan: saɣɣɨz

Turkmen: saqɨz

Khakassian: sās

Oyrat: saŋɨs

Chuvash: soɣъr

Yakut: ɨas

Dolgan: ɨas

Tuva: sāt

Kirghiz: saɣɨz

Kazakh: saɣɨz

Noghai: saɣɨz

Bashkir: haɣɨz

Gagauz: saqɨz

Karaim: saqɨz

Karakalpak: saɣɨz

Kumyk: saɣɨz

Comments: EDT 817-818, VEWT 396, Лексика 117-118, ЭСТЯ 7, Федотов 2, 70, Stachowski 258. Cf. also *sakɨŕ 'clay' (Лексика 375, ЭСТЯ 7 ibid.). MK glosses saɣɨz as 'gum, resin', and saqɨz as 'any viscous substance', so a merger of two original roots is not excluded.

Proto-Turkic: *sakɨrtka

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: tick

Russian meaning: клещ

Karakhanid: saqɨrqu (MK)

Turkish: sakɨrɣa, dial. saɣra

Middle Turkic: saqurɣa (AH)

Sary-Yughur: saqɨrtqɨ, saqartqɨ, saqatqɨ

Turkmen: saqɨrtGa

Khakassian: saɣartxɨ

Shor: sartqa

Oyrat: sartqa

Yakut: saχsɨrɣa 'fly'

Tuva: sarɣɨ

Noghai: qasartqɨ

Gagauz: saqɨrɣa

Kumyk: qasartqɨ

Comments: VEWT 396, Лексика 183, EDT 816.

Proto-Turkic: *sal-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to put, throw 2 to drop, lower 3 tax 4 heavy

Russian meaning: 1 класть, кидать 2 опускать 3 налог 4 тяжелый

Old Turkic: sal- 1 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: sal- 1,2 (MK, KB)

Turkish: sal- 1, salgɨn 3

Tatar: sal- 1, sal-ɨm 3

Middle Turkic: sal- 1 (Pav. C., Abush.)

Uzbek: sɔl- 1

Uighur: sa(l)- 1

Sary-Yughur: sal- 1, salɨɣ 4

Azerbaidzhan: sal- 2

Turkmen: sal- 1

Khakassian: sal- 1, salɨm 4

Shor: sal- 1

Oyrat: sal- 1

Halaj: sal- 1

Chuvash: sol- 1, solъm 'heaviness'

Tuva: sal- 1

Tofalar: sal- 1

Kirghiz: sal- 1

Kazakh: sal- 1

Noghai: sal- 1

Bashkir: hal- 1

Balkar: sal- 1

Gagauz: sal- 1

Karaim: sal- 1

Karakalpak: sal- 1

Salar: sal- 1

Kumyk: sal- 1

Comments: VEWT 397, EDT 824, Федотов 2, 57, ЭСТЯ 7. Several derivatives with a velar suffix are used in Turk. for denoting downward motion or hanging: cf. OT salɨɣ 'taxes', Kirgh. salɨq 'taxes; hanging down, limp'; SUygh. salɨɣ 'heavy'; Tur. salkɨ 'weak, lax', Kirgh. salqɨ, Uzb. sɔlqi- 'be loose, hang down' (see TMN 3, 265-266, ЭСТЯ 7).

Proto-Turkic: *sal-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to quarrel, dislike, swear 2 bad influence, bad consequence

Russian meaning: 1 ссориться, ругаться 2 дурное влияние, плохие последствия

Karakhanid: salɣa 'a restive horse' (MK)

Khakassian: salčɨ- 1

Chuvash: sol- 'to damn'

Tuva: saldar 2

Kirghiz: saldar 2

Kazakh: sal 'a quarrelsome person', salɨs- 1, saldar 2

Karakalpak: saldar 2

Comments: EDT 826, Федотов 2, 57, ЭСТЯ 7.

Proto-Turkic: *salma / *salŋu

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 sling 2 horse noose 3 snare 4 button hole

Russian meaning: 1 праща 2 аркан 3 силок 4 петля для пуговицы

Karakhanid: salŋu (MK) 1

Middle Turkic: salma 3 (Pav. C.)

Uighur: salma 4

Khakassian: salba 1 (Sag.)

Halaj: salɣọ 1

Chuvash: solъ 'bracelet'

Kirghiz: salmōr 1

Kazakh: salma 'ornamental bands in a yurt'

Bashkir: halmawɨr 1

Comments: VEWT 399, EDT 827, Ашм. XI, 174. Usually derived from *sal- 'put' or *sal-ɨn- 'hang, droop' - all very dubious semantically. With other suffixes cf. perhaps Uzb. sɔldɔw 'tug', Tuva saldɨrɨk 'belt shaped as a loop'

Proto-Turkic: *sAm-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 a complicated affair with no obvious way out 2 to be sad, tired 3 to rave 4 fool

Russian meaning: 1 затруднительное дело, положение 2 быть печальным, усталым 3 бредить 4 глупец

Karakhanid: samurtuɣ 1 (MK)

Turkmen: samra- 3, samsɨq 4

Oyrat: samzɨl- 2

Comments: EDT 830.