Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *samala ?

Meaning: tar

Russian meaning: деготь

Middle Turkic: samla, samala (MA, AH, CCum.)

Chuvash: sъʷmala

Comments: VEWT 399. It is also worth noting Bashk. humalaq 'lump of clay' and Tat. sumala 'tar' (possibly < Chuv.). Федотов 2, 23-24. The word is attested quite late and is usually regarded as borrowed < Russ. смола. This might be true, but let us note that no other Russian words were hitherto discovered in Chagatai.

Proto-Turkic: *sAmar

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 sack, saddle pack 2 big wooden vessel

Russian meaning: 1 вьючный мешок 2 большой деревянный сосуд

Middle Turkic: samar 1 (Pav. C.)

Yakut: ampara 'налуч (колчан)' (Пек.) ?

Kazakh: samar 2

Bashkir: hamar 2

Karakalpak: samar 2

Comments: VEWT 399.

Proto-Turkic: *sAŋak / -at

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 gills 2 place on neck where the jaw ends 3 beard, barb (of axe)

Russian meaning: 1 жабры 2 место на шее, где заканчивается челюсть 3 бородка (топора)

Tatar: saŋaq 1, (dial.) 3

Oyrat: saŋat, saŋɨt 2

Tuva: sā̃t 2

Noghai: saŋɣaq 1

Bashkir: haŋaq (dial.) 3

Comments: ЭСТЯ 7, Лексика 222. There is some confusion between this root and *sakak q. v. sub *šek`a.

Proto-Turkic: *saŋk

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: bird dung

Russian meaning: птичий помет

Karakhanid: saŋ (MK)

Turkish: sank

Middle Turkic: saŋq (B)

Kirghiz: zaŋ; saŋɣɨt- 'to defecate'

Kazakh: saŋɣɨ- 'to defecate'

Comments: EDT 831, VEWT 401, Лексика 150-151, ЭСТЯ 7.

Proto-Turkic: *sạp

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: handle

Russian meaning: рукоятка, ручка

Karakhanid: sap (MK)

Turkish: sap

Tatar: sap

Middle Turkic: sap (AH, Pav. C.)

Uzbek: sɔp

Uighur: sap

Sary-Yughur: sap

Azerbaidzhan: sap

Turkmen: sap

Khakassian: sap

Oyrat: sap

Chuvash: sɨbъ

Yakut: up

Dolgan: up

Tuva: sɨ'p

Kirghiz: sap

Kazakh: sap

Noghai: sap

Bashkir: hap

Balkar: sap

Gagauz: sap

Karaim: sap

Karakalpak: sap

Kumyk: sap

Comments: EDT 782, Лексика 119, ЭСТЯ 7, Stachowski 245.

Proto-Turkic: *sạp-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to thread a needle 2 needle

Russian meaning: вдевать нитку, протыкать

Old Turkic: sap- (OUygh.) 'to graft'

Karakhanid: sap- (MK) 1

Tatar: sap-

Middle Turkic: sap- (R) 1, sap (Pav. C.) 2

Uzbek: sap- (dial.)

Uighur: sap-

Azerbaidzhan: sap 2

Turkmen: sap- 1, sap 2

Halaj: sap 2

Chuvash: sɨp-

Kazakh: sap-

Bashkir: hap-

Karaim: sap-

Comments: EDT 784, VEWT 401-402. Turk. > Bur. hab 'sinew thread' (unattested Mong. sab > Yak. sap 'thread').

Proto-Turkic: *sap-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to leave the way, go astray, deviate 2 sideway 3 dodge, trick

Russian meaning: 1 уходить с дороги, отклоняться 2 окольная дорога 3 уловка, трюк

Turkish: sap- 1

Tatar: sap- 1

Middle Turkic: sap- 1 (AH, CCum.) , sapa 'deviating' (Pav. C.), sapaq 2 (Vam.)

Azerbaidzhan: sap- 1

Turkmen: sap 3, sap- 'to change'

Chuvash: sup- 1

Kazakh: sap- 1

Gagauz: sap- 1

Comments: VEWT 402, EDT 784, ЭСТЯ 7, Ашм. XI, 187, Федотов 2, 64.

Proto-Turkic: *sAp ( ~ -b)

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: a turn (to do smth.)

Russian meaning: очередь (что-нибудь делать)

Old Turkic: sab (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: sab (MK)

Comments: EDT 782, VEWT 401 (erroneously united with sap 'handle').

Proto-Turkic: *sapak

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: branch, bunch

Russian meaning: ветвь, кисть

Turkmen: sapaq

Oyrat: sabaq

Kazakh: sabaq

Comments: VEWT 391. The stem is usually regarded as derived from *sạp 'handle' (see e.g. ЭСТЯ 7); the latter indeed also means 'stalk' and has a derivative *sạpak 'handle, stalk'.

Proto-Turkic: *sapɨ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to sway, wave, shake up

Russian meaning: махать, развеивать, взбалтывать

Karakhanid: sabɨ- (MK)

Shor: sabɨr- 'to blow (of wind)'

Kirghiz: sapɨr-

Kazakh: sapɨr-

Noghai: sapɨr-

Karakalpak: sapɨr-

Comments: EDT 785. A possible derivative is sapan 'sling' (see ЭСТЯ 7).

Proto-Turkic: *sar-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: a k. of lattice or cross-beam

Russian meaning: вид решетки или балки

Turkish: sarak 'carved frieze, torus'

Chuvash: surban dial. 'window blind'

Yakut: argɨ 'cross-bar for drying things'

Kirghiz: sarap 'stringer beam', sarɨ 'wooden frame of a frame-house'

Comments: Cf. also Tuva (Todzh., Вайнштейн) a'rga 'lattice for drying wild onions' (perhaps < Yak.).

Proto-Turkic: *sạr-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to wind around

Russian meaning: обматывать, завертывать

Karakhanid: saru- (MK)

Turkish: sar-

Tatar: sar-

Middle Turkic: sar- (AH, Pav. C.)

Azerbaidzhan: sarɨ-

Turkmen: sara-

Khakassian: sarɨ-

Chuvash: sɨr-

Gagauz: sar-

Karaim: sar-, sarɨ-

Comments: EDT 844, VEWT 402, ЭСТЯ 7. Turk. *sarɨ-k > WMong. sariɣ, Kalm. säriɣ 'ring for binding a horse' (cf. Chag. sar-ča, Khak. sar-čɨn id.), see KW 318-319, VEWT 403.

Proto-Turkic: *sAr-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to filter, separate 2 to be filtered, separated 3 sieve for filtering liquids

Russian meaning: 1 процеживать, отделять 2 процеживаться, отстаиваться 3 сито для процеживания жидкостей

Karakhanid: sarma- 2, sarɨm 3 (MK; EDT 852-853: serme-, serim)

Middle Turkic: sar- 1 (Diz.)

Turkmen: sarGan 'milk product made of boiled milk together with the contents of the stomach of a newborn lamb'

Comments: ЭСТЯ 7.

Proto-Turkic: *sAŕak / *sArk-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to become numb 2 hoar-frost 3 cold wind

Russian meaning: 1 неметь, цепенеть 2 иней 3 холодный ветер

Karakhanid: sarq- 1, sarqɨm 2 (MK)

Turkish: (dial.) sazaq, sazaɣan 3

Middle Turkic: (Xwar., MKypch.) sarq- 1 (Qutb, AH)

Azerbaidzhan: sazaG 3

Khakassian: sarnax 3 (Kach.)

Tuva: sarɣɨ- 'to nag, feel pain'

Kazakh: sazar- 1

Noghai: sazar- 'to be bored'

Comments: EDT 848, 849. Лексика 42, 43. Despite EDT 847, the basic meaning is not "weak downward movement with no force behind it": in fact we have here a confusion of several originally different roots (see *sark- 'overflow, drip'; *sal- 'put down, lower', with the derivative *salk- which has influenced the meaning of *sark- in some languages).

Proto-Turkic: *saran

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: miser, miserly

Russian meaning: скупой, скряга

Old Turkic: saran (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: saran (MK)

Tatar: saran

Uzbek: saraŋ

Uighur: saraŋ

Sary-Yughur: saran

Oyrat: saran, saram

Yakut: araŋ

Kazakh: saraŋ

Bashkir: haran

Karaim: saran, saraŋ

Karakalpak: saraŋ

Comments: VEWT 403, EDT 853-854, ЭСТЯ 7. Cf. Chuv. soran 'wound, loss, damage'.

Proto-Turkic: *sarga-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 a plant which grows in damp places 1 a plant growing in saline grounds

Russian meaning: 1 растение, живущее во влажных местах 2 растение, живущее на солончаках

Old Turkic: sarɣan 1 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: sarɣan, sarɣan qamɨš 2 (MK)

Azerbaidzhan: saraGan 'скумпия (кустарник)'

Chuvash: ? surъx sǝlli 'овсяника овечья' (? Дмитриева 1988, 42; lit. 'sheep oats')

Comments: EDT 849, VEWT 403. Cf. also *siaŕ 'reed' (in Oghuz languages, see under *siaŕ 'marsh' - perhaps a contamination), as well as some forms dealt with under *sarɨmsak (v. sub *sera).

Proto-Turkic: *sar(ɨ)

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 bird of prey, kite 2 a k. of falcon 3 starling 4 siskin

Russian meaning: 1 хищная птица, коршун 2 сарыч 3 скворец 4 чиж

Turkish: sarɨ-ǯa 4

Tatar: sarɨč 2

Middle Turkic: sar, sariča 1 (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: sɔr 2

Uighur: sa(r) 1

Sary-Yughur: sar 1

Azerbaidzhan: sar 2

Turkmen: sar 3

Tuva: sarɨ 2

Kirghiz: sarɨ 1

Bashkir: har 2

Comments: VEWT 402b, Лексика 170, ЭСТЯ 7.

Proto-Turkic: *sarɨk

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 sheep 2 a k. of tailless sheep

Russian meaning: 1 овца 2 русская овца (без курдюка)

Tatar: sarɨq 1

Khakassian: sara-dax 'a 2-year-old maral', sar-tax 'young of a roe' (Борг.)

Shor: {sartak 'reindeer' (UEW)}

Oyrat: {sardak '1-year-old maral' (UEW)}

Chuvash: sorъx 1

Tuva: sara-daq 'a 2-year-old maral'

Kazakh: sarɨq 2

Bashkir: harɨq 1

Karakalpak: sarɨq 2

Comments: Лексика 432, ЭСТЯ 7, Федотов 2, 66. {Turk. > WMo. sarluɣ, Kh. sarlaɣ 'yak'?}

Proto-Turkic: *sarɨmsak

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 garlic 2 rhubarb

Russian meaning: 1 чеснок 2 ревень

Karakhanid: sarmusaq, samursaq 1 (MK)

Turkish: sarmɨsak 1

Tatar: sarɨmsaq 1

Middle Turkic: sarɨmsaq 1 (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: sarimsɔq 1

Uighur: samsaq 1

Sary-Yughur: samsaq 1

Azerbaidzhan: sarɨmsaG 1

Turkmen: sarɨmsaq 1

Halaj: sarɨmsaq 1

Tuva: sarapsa 2

Kirghiz: sarɨmsaq 1

Kazakh: sarɨmsaq 1

Noghai: sarɨmsaq 1

Bashkir: harɨmhaq 1

Balkar: sarɨsmax 1

Gagauz: sarmusaq 1

Karaim: sarɨmsaq 1

Karakalpak: sarɨmsaq 1

Salar: samsax 1

Kumyk: samursaq 1

Comments: VEWT 404, EDT 853, Лексика 144, ЭСТЯ 7. Turk. > Mong. sarimsaɣ (see TMN 3, 248, Щербак 1997, 144). Cf. also Khak., Oyr. sarɣaj 'саранка', Kirgh. sargaldak 'a k. of plant with yellow flowers', Kaz. sarɣaldaq 'tulip'.

Proto-Turkic: *sarɨn

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: song, sad song

Russian meaning: песня, заунывная песня

Middle Turkic: sarna- (R) 'to sing'

Khakassian: sarɨn

Shor: sarɨn

Oyrat: sarɨn

Tuva: sɨrɨn

Kazakh: sarɨn

Kumyk: sarɨn

Comments: VEWT 404, ЭСТЯ 7.