Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *ukruk

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: lasso, lasso pole

Russian meaning: аркан, жердь с арканом

Karakhanid: uqruq (MK)

Tatar: qŭrɨq

Middle Turkic: oqruq (AH)

Uzbek: qọruq

Uighur: oquruq (dial.)

Turkmen: uquruq (dial.)

Yakut: ogūr, oguruk

Kirghiz: uquruq

Kazakh: qŭrɨq

Noghai: qurɨq

Bashkir: qŭrŭq

Karakalpak: qurɨq

Kumyk: uqruq (dial.)

Comments: VEWT 360, EDT 90, ЭСТЯ 1, 585-586. Turk. > Hung. hurok 'loop', see Gombocz 1912.

Proto-Turkic: *ul

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 foundation 2 sole

Russian meaning: 1 дно, основание 2 подошва, подметка

Old Turkic: ultaŋ 2 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: ul 1, uldaŋ 2 (MK)

Turkish: oltan, oltaŋ (dial.) 2

Tatar: ŭltan 2

Middle Turkic: ölteŋ 2 (Abush., Pav. C.)

Uzbek: ultɔn 2

Uighur: ultaŋ 2, (dial.) ūl, ul 1

Turkmen: oltaŋ 2

Khakassian: ultuŋ 2

Oyrat: ultaŋ, ultan, ɨltam 2

Yakut: ulluŋ 2

Tuva: ulduŋ 2

Kirghiz: ultaŋ 2

Kazakh: ŭltan 2

Noghai: ultan 2

Bashkir: ŭltan 2

Balkar: oltaŋ, oltan 2

Karakalpak: ultan 2

Kumyk: ultan 2

Comments: EDT 124, 131, ЭСТЯ 1, 449-451.

Proto-Turkic: *ula-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to extend, prolong 2 to attach, join (ends)

Russian meaning: 1 удлинять, надставлять, продлевать 2 присоединять

Old Turkic: ula- 2 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: ula- 2 (MK)

Turkish: ula- 2

Tatar: ŭla- (dial.)

Middle Turkic: ula- (Pav. C.) 2

Uzbek: ulä- 1, 2

Uighur: uli- 2

Turkmen: ula- 1, 2

Khakassian: ula- 1

Shor: ula- 1

Oyrat: ula- 1, 2

Tuva: ula- 1, 2

Kirghiz: ula- 2

Comments: EDT 126-127, ЭСТЯ 1, 587-588. The original meaning was certainly 'to extend, prolong' - as seen also from the derivatives *ula-m 'still more, continuously' (ЭСТЯ 1, 591) (whence Mong. *ulam id., see TMN 2, 107), *ula-ju 'still more, as much as', *ulag 'order, relay, relay station' (ЭСТЯ 1, 588-590) (whence Mong. *ulaɣa id., see TMN 2, 106, Щербак 1997, 161; with the meaning 'relay horse' penetrated into some Ugric languages, despite Sinor 1965, 312-315 who proposed an opposite direction of borrowing);

Proto-Turkic: *uĺa-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 small, minute 2 to become crushed, pulverized, smaller 3 to crush, pulverize

Russian meaning: 1 мелкий, маленький 2 дробиться, становиться меньше 3 растирать, дробить

Karakhanid: uša-l- 2, ušaq 1

Turkish: ušak 1

Middle Turkic: ušaq 1, ušal- 2 (Бор. Бад.), ušat- 3 (Бор. Бад., Abush., Pav. C.)

Uzbek: ušal- 2, ušɔq 1

Uighur: ušaq (dial.), uššaq 1

Azerbaidzhan: ušaG 1

Turkmen: uša- 2, ušaq 1

Khakassian: uzax 1

Oyrat: uža- 3

Kirghiz: ušat- 3, ušaq 1

Kazakh: ŭsaq 1, ŭsat- 3

Gagauz: ušaq 1

Karakalpak: usaq 1, usat- 3

Comments: EDT 16, 262 (deriving the forms from uvša- which is hardly the case), ЭСТЯ 1, 617-618.

Proto-Turkic: *uĺak

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: slander

Russian meaning: клевета

Karakhanid: ušaq (MK)

Tatar: ušaq Tob. 'slanderer' (R)

Middle Turkic: ušuluq 'suspicion' (Pav. C.), ušaq (CCum.)

Uighur: uššaq

Yakut: usxax 'rumour'

Kirghiz: ušaq

Bashkir: ošaq

Balkar: ušaq 'conversation'

Comments: VEWT 517, EDT 16 (confused with uvšak 'small').

Proto-Turkic: *ular

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 partridge 2 snow pheasant 3 wild turkey

Russian meaning: 1 куропатка 2 глухарь 3 горная индейка

Old Turkic: ular 1 (OUygh.- med.)

Karakhanid: ular 'male partridge' (MK)

Uzbek: ular (< Russ.?) 3

Uighur: ular 3

Shor: ularɨ 1 (Chul.)

Oyrat: ular 'vulture'

Yakut: ular 2

Tuva: ular 3

Kirghiz: ular 3

Kazakh: ular 3

Comments: EDT 150, VEWT 512 (Mong. ularu < Turk.), Лексика 173. Turk. > Russ. улар.

Proto-Turkic: *ulug

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 big 2 great 3 grown-up, great

Russian meaning: 1 большой 2 великий 3 взрослый, крупный

Old Turkic: uluɣ 1 (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: uluɣ 1 (MK, KB)

Turkish: ulu 2

Tatar: ölkɛn 1

Middle Turkic: uluɣ, uluq 1 (Pav. C.)

Uighur: uluɣ 1

Azerbaidzhan: ulu 2

Turkmen: ulɨ 1

Khakassian: uluɣ 1

Yakut: ulaxan, ulū 1

Dolgan: ulakan, ulū 1

Tuva: uluɣ 1

Tofalar: uluɣ 1

Kirghiz: uluu 2

Kazakh: ulken 1

Noghai: üjken 1

Bashkir: ölkän 1

Balkar: ullu 1

Karakalpak: ülken 1

Comments: VEWT 513, 520, TMN 2, 117-118, EDT 136, ЭСТЯ 1, 593-594, 630, Stachowski 242, 243. Turkic languages reveal two variants (*ulug and *ülken, the latter being represented only in modern languages), probably interrelated. Despite Bang TB X and TMN 2, 118 it is hard to see any relationship between *ulug (hardly *ullug: some modern forms must have secondary gemination here) and *ul 'foundation'.

Proto-Turkic: *ulu-ĺ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: country, city

Russian meaning: страна, город

Old Turkic: uluš (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: uluš (MK)

Karaim: uluš

Comments: EDT 152-153, Лексика 317, 494. Turk. > Mong. ulus (see TMN 1, 177, Clark 1980, 41, Щербак 1997, 161), whence again modern Turkm., Oyr. etc. ulus (ЭСТЯ 1, 592).

Proto-Turkic: *uma- ?

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: burn

Russian meaning: жечь

Yakut: umat-, umaj-

Dolgan: ubaj-

Comments: Stachowski 239.

Proto-Turkic: *umaj

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 placenta, afterbirth 2 goddess of birth

Russian meaning: 1 плацента, послед 2 богиня рождения

Old Turkic: umaj 2 (Orkh.), 1 (OUygh. - NPr)

Karakhanid: umaj 1, 2 (MK)

Turkish: umaǯi 'bugaboo'

Middle Turkic: (MKypch.) umaj 1 (Ettuhf.)

Khakassian: ɨmaj 2

Shor: umaj 2 (R)

Kirghiz: umaj 2

Comments: EDT 164-165.

Proto-Turkic: *uman

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: worm

Russian meaning: червь

Chuvash: ъʷman

Comments: Isolated in Chuvash, but probably archaic.

Proto-Turkic: *um-, *um-sa-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to hope for 2 to envy 3 an object of hope, desire; hope

Russian meaning: 1 надеяться 2 завидовать 3 объект надежды, желания; надежда

Old Turkic: umuɣ 3 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: um- 1, umdu 3 (MK, KB), umdu-čɨ 'beggar' (MK)

Turkish: um- 1, umsan- 1, umu 3

Tatar: omtɨ-l- 1

Middle Turkic: um-unč 3 (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: um- 1 (dial. Khorazm.), umsun- 'to experience a flow of milk in one's breast and a desire to feed a baby'

Azerbaidzhan: um- 1, umsun- 'to be disappointed', umaǯaG 3

Turkmen: ɨmtɨl- 'to wait for food'

Khakassian: umzan- 1 (Верб.)

Oyrat: umzan- 'to go in a direction', umza- 'to make smb. to go in a direction'

Chuvash: ъʷmza- 2

Yakut: umsu-gu-j- 'to become keen on, addicted', umnahɨt (*umdačɨt) 'beggar'

Kirghiz: umu- 1, umsun- 1, umtul- 'to strive'

Kazakh: umtɨ- 'to dart, lunge'

Noghai: ɨmtɨ- 'to dart, lunge'

Gagauz: um- 1,

Karaim: um- 1, umsun- 1

Karakalpak: umɨt-, ɨmtɨl- 'to strive'

Comments: EDT 155-156, 157, 158; VEWT 513, ЭСТЯ 1, 595-596. Some derivatives tend to merge with Pers. umīd 'hope' (whence certainly Turkm. umɨ̄t, Gag., Karaim, Kum. umut id.) Not quite clear is the relation of this root to the verb ɨntɨ- 'to yearn', Chuv. ъnDъ- (ЭСТЯ I 653-654).

Proto-Turkic: *umnɨ-t- (~ -mŋ-)

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to forget

Russian meaning: забывать

Old Turkic: unɨt-, unut- (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: unɨt- (MK)

Turkish: unut-

Tatar: ŭnŭt-

Middle Turkic: unut- (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: unut-

Uighur: unut-

Sary-Yughur: unut-

Azerbaidzhan: unut-

Turkmen: unut-

Khakassian: undu-

Oyrat: undu-, uŋdu-, uŋtu-

Chuvash: man-

Yakut: umun-

Dolgan: umun-

Tuva: ut-

Kirghiz: unut-

Kazakh: ŭmɨt-

Noghai: umɨt-

Bashkir: ŭnŭt-

Balkar: unut-

Gagauz: unut-

Karaim: unut-

Karakalpak: umɨt-

Kumyk: unut-

Comments: EDT 179, VEWT 514, ЭСТЯ 1, 597-598, Stachowski 243 (reconstruction of *-ŋ- is possible because of forms like Oyr. uŋtu-, Sag. uŋdu-).

Proto-Turkic: *una-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to agree, be satisfied

Russian meaning: соглашаться, быть удовлетворенным

Old Turkic: una- (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: una- (MK)

Turkish: una- (dial.)

Middle Turkic: una- (Бор. Бад., Abush., Pav. C.)

Uzbek: una-

Uighur: una-

Azerbaidzhan: una- (dial.)

Turkmen: una-

Khakassian: una-

Kirghiz: una-

Kazakh: una-

Noghai: una-

Balkar: una-

Karakalpak: una-

Comments: EDT 171, VEWT 514, ЭСТЯ 1, 596-597.

Proto-Turkic: *ur-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to beat, hit 2 to pour, strew

Russian meaning: 1 бить, ударять 2 сыпать

Old Turkic: ur- (Orkh., OUygh.) 1

Karakhanid: ur- (MK, KB) 1

Turkish: vur- 1

Tatar: ŭr- 1

Middle Turkic: ur- (Abush., Pav. C.) 1

Uzbek: ur- 1

Uighur: ur- 1

Azerbaidzhan: vur- 1

Turkmen: ur- 1

Khakassian: ur- 2

Shor: ur- 2

Oyrat: ur- 2

Halaj: hur- 1

Chuvash: vъʷr- 1

Tuva: ur- 2

Kirghiz: ur- 1

Kazakh: ŭr- 1

Noghai: ur- 1

Bashkir: ŭr- 1

Balkar: ur- 1

Gagauz: ur- 1

Karaim: ur- 1

Karakalpak: ur- 1

Kumyk: ur- 1

Comments: EDT 194-195, VEWT 515, ЭСТЯ 1, 599-600.

Proto-Turkic: *ur

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: growth, excrescence

Russian meaning: нарост, опухоль

Turkish: ur

Tatar: ŭrɨ

Azerbaidzhan: ur

Shor: ur

Oyrat: ur

Yakut: ur

Tuva: uru

Kirghiz: ur

Kazakh: ŭra

Noghai: urɨ

Bashkir: ŭrŭ

Comments: ЭСТЯ 1, 598-599. Turk. > Mong. ur id.

Proto-Turkic: *urag-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: female

Russian meaning: самка

Karakhanid: uraɣut 'woman' (MK)

Tatar: ŭrɣačɨ (dial.)

Middle Turkic: urɣačɨ (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: urɣɔči

Turkmen: urqačɨ

Tuva: urug 'daughter'

Kirghiz: urɣāčɨ

Kazakh: ŭrɣašɨ

Noghai: urɣašɨ

Bashkir: ŭrɣasɨ

Karaim: ɨrɣačɨ

Karakalpak: urɣašɨ

Comments: EDT 218, VEWT 515, ЭСТЯ 1, 603, Лексика 315.

Proto-Turkic: *urɨ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: male child, son

Russian meaning: мальчик, сын

Old Turkic: urɨ (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: urɨ (MK, KB)

Yakut: urtūs 'boy' (Пек.)

Kirghiz: urum 'descendants (us. male)'

Comments: EDT 197, Лексика 315.

Proto-Turkic: *uŕɨ-n, *uŕa-k

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 long 2 lie; grow 3 far 4 long (time), late

Russian meaning: 1 длинный 2 лежать; расти 3 далекий 4 долгий, поздний

Old Turkic: uzun 1, uzaq 3 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: uzun 1 (MK, KB), uzaq (MK) 3

Turkish: uzun 1, uzak 3

Tatar: ozɨn 1, ozaq 3

Uzbek: uzun 1, uzɔq 3

Uighur: uzun 1, uzaq 3

Sary-Yughur: uzun 1, ozaq 3

Azerbaidzhan: uzun 1, uzan- 2, uzaG 3

Turkmen: uzɨ̄n 1, uzaq 3

Khakassian: uzun 1

Shor: uzun 1, uzaq 4

Halaj: uzān- 2, uzāq 3, uzụ̄n 1

Chuvash: vъʷrъʷm 1, vъʷrax 3

Yakut: uhun 1

Dolgan: uhun 1

Tuva: uzun 1, uzaq 3

Tofalar: uzun 1 uza- 'удлиняться'

Kirghiz: uzun 1, uzaq 2, 3

Kazakh: u_zu_n 1

Noghai: uzɨn 1

Bashkir: oδon 1

Balkar: uzun 1, uzaq 3

Gagauz: uzun 1

Karaim: uzun 1

Karakalpak: uzɨn 1, uzaq 3

Salar: uzɨn 1, uzɨχ 3

Comments: PT *uŕɨ-n 'long', *uŕa-k 'far, long' are derived from *uŕa- 'to be long, prolonged'. See VEWT 518, EDT 281, 283, 288-9, ЭСТЯ 1, 570-572, Stachowski 241.

Proto-Turkic: *urug ( ~ *or-)

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 seed 2 child, girl 3 kin, kind 4 relatives

Russian meaning: 1 семя 2 ребенок, девочка 3 род, племя 4 родственники

Old Turkic: uruɣ (OUygh.) 1, 3

Karakhanid: uruɣ (MK, KB) 1, 3

Tatar: orlɨq 1

Middle Turkic: uruɣ (Sangl.) 4

Uzbek: uruɣ 1

Uighur: uruq 1

Turkmen: uruG 3

Chuvash: vъʷrъʷ 1

Yakut: urū 4

Dolgan: urū 4

Tuva: uruɣ 2

Tofalar: uruɣ 2

Kirghiz: uruq 3

Kazakh: u_rɨq 1

Noghai: urlɨq 1

Bashkir: orloq 1

Balkar: urluq 1

Karakalpak: urɨq 1

Comments: VEWT 516, TMN 2, 47, EDT 214-5, ЭСТЯ 1, 604-606, Лексика 115-116, 307, 323-324, Stachowski 246. Deriving the word from *ur- 'beat, hit' (VEWT) is of course incorrect. Some forms reflect a variant form *uru-lɨk. Turk. > Mong. uruɣ (see TMN 2, 51, Щербак 1997, 162).