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Proto-Turkic: *buŋ
Meaning: suffering
Russian meaning: мучение, страдание
Old Turkic: buŋ (Orkh.), muŋ (OUygh.)
Turkish: bun
Tatar: moŋ
Uzbek: muŋ
Uighur: muŋ
Turkmen: muŋ-lɨ 'sorrowful' (dial.)
Oyrat: muŋ
Yakut: muŋ
Dolgan: muŋ
Tuva: muŋ
Kirghiz: muŋ
Noghai: muŋ
Bashkir: moŋ
Gagauz: bun
Karakalpak: muŋ
Kumyk: muŋ
Proto-Turkic: *buŕ- / *boŕ-
Meaning: to damage, destroy
Russian meaning: причинять вред, разрушать
Old Turkic: buz- (Orkh., OUygh.)
Karakhanid: buz- (MK , KB )Turkish: boz-
Tatar: boz-
Uzbek: buz-
Uighur: buz-
Sary-Yughur: puz-
Azerbaidzhan: poz-
Turkmen: boz-
Khakassian: pus-
Shor: puza-
Oyrat: bus-
Halaj: puz- ( < Ogh.?)
Chuvash: pъʷs-
Tuva: bus-
Kirghiz: buz-
Kazakh: buz-
Noghai: buz-
Bashkir: boδ-
Balkar: buz-
Gagauz: boz-
Karaim: buz- (T,H,K)
Karakalpak: buz-
Kumyk: buz-
Proto-Turkic: *bur(a)-
Meaning: to twist, wind round
Russian meaning: крутить, вертеть, поворачивать
Turkish: bur-
Tatar: bor-
Uzbek: bur-, bura-
Uighur: bur-
Azerbaidzhan: bur-
Turkmen: bur-
Khakassian: pur-
Shor: pur-
Oyrat: buru-
Halaj: burq- 'вывернуть руку'
Chuvash: pъʷr-
Kirghiz: bur-, bura-
Kazakh: bur-, bura-
Noghai: bur-, bura-
Bashkir: bor-
Balkar: bur-
Gagauz: bur-
Karaim: bur-
Karakalpak: bur-, bura-
Kumyk: bur-
Comments: VEWT 89, EDT 355, ЭСТЯ 2, 264-267. Turk. *bur(g)agu > Kalm. burɣū, see KW 62.Proto-Turkic: *bura (?)
Meaning: soul of a sacrificial animal (horse)
Russian meaning: душа жертвенного животного (коня)
Khakassian: pura 'picture of a male maral on a shaman drum'
Oyrat: pura (dial.) 'sacrificial animal'
Comments: The Oyr. word is usually identified with bura 'camel' < PT *bugra; the absence of vowel length (*būra would be normally expected) is, however, baffling and could indicate a different origin of the Oyr. and Khak. words. Cf. perhaps also Yak. burgunas 'young cow, cow without calves'.
Proto-Turkic: *buŕa-gu
Meaning: calf
Russian meaning: теленок
Old Turkic: buzaɣu (OUygh.)
Karakhanid: buzaɣu (MK , IM ) Turkish: buzaɣu; dial. buza- 'to bear a calf', Osm. buza-la- 'id.'
Tatar: bɨzaw
Uzbek: buzɔq
Uighur: mozaj
Azerbaidzhan: bɨzov
Turkmen: buzaw
Khakassian: pɨzo
Oyrat: bɨza
Chuvash: pъʷru
Tuva: bɨzā
Kirghiz: muzō
Kazakh: buzau
Noghai: buzaw
Bashkir: bɨδaw
Balkar: buzow
Gagauz: buzā
Karaim: bɨzuv, buzuv
Karakalpak: buzaw
Salar: puzo, pūzɨ (ССЯ 457) Kumyk: buzaw
Comments: EDT 391, VEWT 74-5, ЭСТЯ 2, 239-242, Лексика 438-439. Bulg. *burǝʷu > Hung. borjú, see MNyTESz 1, 345-346. The derivation from *boŕ 'grey' and assumption of borrowing Turk. *buŕagu > Mong. biraɣu (Щербак 1997 , 108) is hardly plausible.Proto-Turkic: *burčak
Meaning: bean, pea
Russian meaning: бобы, горох
Old Turkic: burčaq (OUygh.)
Turkish: burčak
Tatar: borčaq
Middle Turkic: burčaq (Sangl. ) Uzbek: burčɔq
Uighur: počaq
Sary-Yughur: pɨrčaq
Turkmen: burčaq
Shor: mɨrčaq
Oyrat: mɨrčaq
Chuvash: pъʷrźa, pǝʷrźe
Kirghiz: [būrčaq < Mong.]
Kazakh: buršaq
Noghai: buršaq
Bashkir: borsaq
Balkar: burčaq
Gagauz: borčaq
Karaim: burčax
Karakalpak: buršaq
Kumyk: burčaq
Proto-Turkic: *burgu
Meaning: 1 trumpet 2 pipe (of a plant)
Russian meaning: 1 труба 2 трубка (растения)
Old Turkic: burɣu 1 (OUygh.)
Karakhanid: borɣuj (MK ) 1 Turkish: boru 1
Tatar: bɨrɣɨ (Tob.) 1
Uzbek: burɣu 1
Sary-Yughur: pɨra 1
Azerbaidzhan: boru 1
Khakassian: pɨrɣɨ 1, 2, mɨrɣɨ 1
Shor: pɨrɣɨ 1
Chuvash: pъrъx 1
Tuva: murɣu 1, 2
Tofalar: murɣu 1, 2
Bashkir: borɣo 1
Balkar: bɨrɣɨ 1
Gagauz: boru 1
Karaim: borɨ 1
Kumyk: bɨrɣɨ 1
Comments: EDT 361, TMN 2, 286, ЭСТЯ 2, 194-195. Turk. > Mong. : Khalkha burguj 'wire for pipe cleaning', Bur. burgɨ 'drill'. Turk. > Russ. Siber. borga (Аникин 134-135).Proto-Turkic: *burkɨ
Meaning: wrinkled
Russian meaning: сморщенный
Old Turkic: burqɨ
Karakhanid: burqɨ, burqɨɣ 'wrinkle'
Proto-Turkic: *bur-uk
Meaning: 1 dust 2 smoke 3 to curl (of smoke) 4 to choke (in smoke) 5 to blow (of a snow-storm) 6 to produce smoke puffs 7 soot
Russian meaning: 1 пыль 2 дым 3 клубиться (о дыме) 4 задыхаться (в дыму) 5 мести (о вьюге) 6 пускать дым клубами 7 сажа
Uzbek: buruq-sa- 3
Uighur: burux-t-un bolmaq 4
Turkmen: buruG-sa- 3
Khakassian: pɨr 1, pɨrɨn 7, pur-la- 3, purɣun-na- 5
Shor: pɨrɨn 7
Yakut: buruo (< *burug) 2
Dolgan: buruo 2
Kirghiz: buruq-su- 3, bur et- 3, bura-t- 6
Comments: VEWT 89, Stachowski 67. The stem interacts with the derivatives of *bur- 'to stink, smell' and *bur- 'to twist'- see ЭСТЯ 2, 268-271.Proto-Turkic: *burun (*burɨn)
Meaning: 1 nose 2 front part 3 before
Russian meaning: 1 нос 2 передняя часть 3 перед, впереди
Old Turkic: burun 1, 2 (OUygh.)
Karakhanid: burun 1, 3 (MK , KB ) Turkish: burun 1
Tatar: borɨn 1
Middle Turkic: burun 1, 3 (Sangl. ) Uzbek: burun 1
Uighur: burun 1
Sary-Yughur: p'urɨn 3
Azerbaidzhan: burun 1
Turkmen: burun 1
Khakassian: purun 1, 3
Shor: purnu, (Верб. ) purun 1, 3 Oyrat: burun 3
Halaj: burɨn 1
Yakut: murun 1
Dolgan: munnu 1
Tuva: murnu 2
Tofalar: murnu 2
Kirghiz: murun 1
Kazakh: murɨn 1
Noghai: burɨn 1
Bashkir: moron 1, boron 3
Balkar: burun 1
Gagauz: burnu 1
Karaim: burun 1
Karakalpak: murɨn 1
Salar: purnɨ 1
Kumyk: burun 1
Proto-Turkic: *burut
Meaning: moustache
Russian meaning: усы
Tatar: murt (dial., Sib.)
Uzbek: murt, murut
Uighur: burut
Turkmen: murt
Kirghiz: murut
Kazakh: murt
Noghai: murt, murut
Karakalpak: murt, murut
Comments: EDT 301 (sub bɨδɨk), VEWT 90, TMN 2, 290-291, Лексика 224 (with etymological discussion).Proto-Turkic: *bus-
Meaning: to hide, lay an ambush
Russian meaning: прятаться, устраивать засаду
Old Turkic: bus- (OUygh.- Suv. )Turkish: pus-
Tatar: pos-
Uzbek: pis-; pus- (dial.)
Azerbaidzhan: pus- 'to eavesdrop'
Turkmen: bus-
Halaj: bus-xo 'Hinterhalt, Lauer'
Bashkir: buɵ-
Comments: EDT 371, ЭСТЯ 2, 278-279, TMN 2, 291-292.Proto-Turkic: *bus
Meaning: steam, fog
Russian meaning: пар, туман
Turkish: pus
Uighur: bus (dial.)
Shor: pus
Chuvash: pъʷs
Tuva: bus
Tofalar: bus
Noghai: pus
Bashkir: boɵ
Kumyk: pus
Proto-Turkic: *buta-
Meaning: 1 основные нитки 2 bast, bass (for ropes)
Russian meaning: 1 основные нитки 2 лыко, мочало (для веревок)
Karakhanid: butar (MK ) 1 (Clauson's 'papyrus reed' is hardly correct; one should rather translate it as 'warp of cotton cloth') Chuvash: pъʷdъʷr 2
Comments: EDT 307. Cf. also (ДТС 89) batatu 'cotton yarn', in a medical text.Proto-Turkic: *būč-gak, -mak
Meaning: (outer) corner, angle
Russian meaning: внешний угол
Karakhanid: bučɣaq (MK ) 'region of the world, corner' Turkish: buǯak
Tatar: počmaq
Azerbaidzhan: buǯaɣ
Turkmen: būǯaq 'lower ends of a winebag'
Chuvash: pǝʷśmex
Gagauz: buǯaq
Karaim: bučaq, bučqaq
Comments: VEWT 85, ЭСТЯ 2, 282-283. Despite EDT 294 and Clark 1980 , 38, not derived < *bɨč- 'cut' (because of semantic and phonetic - vowel length and vowel quality - differences).Proto-Turkic: *būg
Meaning: steam, fog
Russian meaning: пар, туман
Turkish: bu 'aroma' (poet.), buɣu 'steam'
Tatar: bu, bu-la-n- 'to vaporize'
Uzbek: buɣ, buɣ-la- 'to steam'
Uighur: buɣ
Azerbaidzhan: buG
Turkmen: būG
Oyrat: buu
Chuvash: pъʷv
Kirghiz: bū
Kazakh: buw; buw-la- 'to steam', bu-la- 'to treat with steam (medically)'
Noghai: buw; buwaldɨr 'hoar-frost'
Bashkir: bɨw
Balkar: buwaq 'hoar-frost'
Gagauz: bū
Karaim: buv
Karakalpak: puw
Kumyk: buɣaq 'hoar-frost'
Comments: EDT 292, VEWT 86, ЭСТЯ 2, 229-230, Лексика 37. The behaviour of final -g after a long vowel is probably regular (although this combination is rather rare). Turk. > MMong. buɣ (АФМ) 'steam' (Щербак 1997 , 163).Proto-Turkic: *būka
Meaning: bull
Russian meaning: бык
Old Turkic: buqa (Orkh., OUygh.)
Karakhanid: buqa (MK , KB ) Turkish: boa
Tatar: buɣa (dial.)
Uzbek: buqa
Uighur: buɣa, buqa
Sary-Yughur: puqa
Azerbaidzhan: buGa
Turkmen: buGa
Khakassian: puɣa
Shor: puɣa
Oyrat: buqa
Yakut: buga
Tuva: buɣa
Tofalar: buxa
Kirghiz: buqa
Kazakh: buqa
Noghai: buɣa
Bashkir: buɣa
Balkar: buɣa
Gagauz: buɣa, bua
Karaim: buɣa
Karakalpak: buɣa
Kumyk: buɣa
Comments: VEWT 87, EDT 312, ЭСТЯ 2, 230-232, Sinor 1962 , 320-321, Лексика 437. Turk. > Mong. buqa (see TMN 2, 299, Щербак 1997 , 110), whence Evk. buka etc. (see TMN ibid., Poppe 1966 , 194, Doerfer MT 99). Turk. > Hung. bika, see Gombocz 1912 .Proto-Turkic: *būĺ-
Meaning: to be bad-tempered, irritable
Russian meaning: быть раздражительным, иметь плохой характер, сердиться, возбуждаться
Old Turkic: buš- (OUygh.)
Karakhanid: buš- (MK , KB ) Tatar: poš-
Uighur: puš-
Turkmen: būš-la- 'to be the first to communicate good news'
Khakassian: puzux- 'to be sad', puzu-r-a- 'to be inflamed'
Chuvash: pъžъ-r-ɣan- 'to be anxious, sad'
Tuva: bužurɣan- 'to be anxious, angry'
Kirghiz: bɨš-
Bashkir: boš-
Balkar: bušuw 'sadness'
Gagauz: būš-
Karaim: bušurɣan- 'to argue, be disgusted'
Kumyk: buš-
Comments: VEWT 90, EDT 377, ЭСТЯ 2, 284-285, Мудрак Дисс. 96, Егоров 152, Федотов 1, 410. The devoicing in a number of Kypch. languages may be caused by the influence of a Persian loan pušman, pušajman 'remorse, regret' (Гаффаров 1, 97).Proto-Turkic: *būn
Meaning: defect
Russian meaning: недостаток, дефект
Karakhanid: mun (KB ), muna- 'be defective'; mun, mun-luɣ (IM ) Oyrat: dial. mɨŋ-da- 'become insufficient'
Yakut: mɨ̄n- 'be insufficient'
Kirghiz: munǯu 'cripple'
Comments: ОСНЯ 3, 55, VEWT 344, ЭСТЯ 7. EDT 347 does not see back vowel forms in old texts and relates all the forms to *bün 'defect' q. v. sub *mùne .Proto-Turkic: *bū(n)ŕ
Meaning: ice
Russian meaning: лед
Turkish: buz
Tatar: boz
Uzbek: muz
Uighur: muz
Sary-Yughur: pɨz
Azerbaidzhan: buz
Turkmen: būz
Khakassian: pus
Shor: mus
Halaj: buzäk
Chuvash: pъʷr
Yakut: mūs, būs
Dolgan: būs
Kirghiz: muz
Kazakh: muz
Noghai: buz
Bashkir: boδ
Balkar: buz
Gagauz: buz
Karaim: buz
Karakalpak: muz
Salar: muz
Kumyk: buz
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