Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *dẹri

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: skin

Russian meaning: кожа

Old Turkic: teri (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: teri (MK)

Turkish: deri

Tatar: tire

Middle Turkic: teri (MA, Abush.)

Uzbek: teri

Uighur: terä

Sary-Yughur: terɨ

Azerbaidzhan: däri

Turkmen: deri

Khakassian: tēr

Shor: tere

Oyrat: tere

Halaj: teri

Chuvash: tirǝ

Yakut: tirī

Dolgan: tirī

Tofalar: tere (Рас. ФиЛ)

Kirghiz: teri

Kazakh: teri

Noghai: teri

Bashkir: tire

Balkar: teri

Gagauz: deri

Karaim: terɨ

Karakalpak: teri

Salar: cīry

Kumyk: teri

Comments: VEWT 475, EDT 530, ЭСТЯ 3, 207-208, Лексика 383, Stachowski 223.

Proto-Turkic: *deriŋ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: deep

Russian meaning: глубокий

Old Turkic: teriŋ (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: teriŋ (MK)

Turkish: derin

Tatar: tirän

Middle Turkic: teriŋ (Sangl.), tereŋ (MA)

Uzbek: teran

Azerbaidzhan: därin

Turkmen: derīŋ (dial.)

Khakassian: tireŋ

Shor: tereŋ

Oyrat: tereŋ

Chuvash: tarъn

Yakut: diriŋ

Tuva: tereŋ

Tofalar: dereŋ

Kirghiz: tereŋ

Kazakh: tereŋ

Noghai: teren

Bashkir: tärän

Balkar: teren

Gagauz: derin

Karaim: teren

Karakalpak: tereŋ

Kumyk: teren

Comments: VEWT 475, EDT 551, ЭСТЯ 3, 208-209, Федотов 2, 179.

Proto-Turkic: *det-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to strive, exert 2 bold, hero 3 clever, reasonable 4 cheerful, vigorous

Russian meaning: 1 стараться, напрягать силы, сопротивляться 2 смелый, герой 3 умный, разумный, ловкий 4 бодрый

Old Turkic: tetik (OUygh.) 3

Karakhanid: tet-, tetin- (MK) 1, tetik, teti-l- 'to become clever' (MK)

Turkish: didin- 1, tetik 3

Tatar: täti 'good' (nursery word)

Middle Turkic: tetik (Abush., Sangl.) 3

Uzbek: tetik 4

Uighur: tetik 4

Turkmen: tetǟrik 'support, help' (?)

Khakassian: tǝtǝn- 1

Oyrat: tidim 2, tedü 'satisfied, sorrowless'

Yakut: tetiänex 4

Tuva: didin- 1, didim 2

Tofalar: titim 2

Kirghiz: tetik 3

Bashkir: tätäj 'good thing' (nursery word)

Gagauz: didin- 1

Kumyk: tetek 'pleasure'

Comments: VEWT 476, EDT 450, 455, 456, ЭСТЯ 3, 218. Cf. perhaps also Kaz. etc. tetik "device, mechanism", Tat., Bashk. täte '(gun's) cock', Gag. tetik 'id.; virgin's hymen', KKalp. tetik 'mechanism, essence', Az. tätig 'trigger'. Some forms reveal secondary assimilatory devoicing.

Proto-Turkic: *dē-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to say

Russian meaning: сказать, говорить

Old Turkic: te- (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: te- (MK, KB) 1

Turkish: de-

Tatar: di-

Middle Turkic: di- (Abush.), te- (MA)

Uzbek: de-

Uighur: dä-

Sary-Yughur: di-

Azerbaidzhan: de-

Turkmen: dī-

Khakassian: tǝ-

Shor: te-

Oyrat: de-

Chuvash: te-

Yakut: die-

Dolgan: die-

Tuva: de-

Tofalar: de-

Kirghiz: te-

Kazakh: de-

Noghai: de-

Bashkir: ti-

Balkar: de-

Gagauz: de-

Karaim: de-

Karakalpak: de-

Salar: dij-

Kumyk: de-

Comments: VEWT 467-8, EDT 433-4, ЭСТЯ 3, 221-224, Stachowski 79. Kypchak and some other languages preserve voiced d- due to the word's grammaticalized usage.

Proto-Turkic: *dẹ̄l(b)ü-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: mad, stupid

Russian meaning: сумасшедший, глупый

Old Turkic: telve (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: telve (MK, KB); telü (MK-Oghuz)

Turkish: deli

Tatar: tile, (КСТТ) tilbä

Middle Turkic: telve (Abush., Sangl.)

Uzbek: telba

Uighur: tälvä 'sporty'

Azerbaidzhan: däli

Turkmen: dǟli, telbe

Chuvash: tiler- 'to become mad, enraged'

Tofalar: telemir, teleŋ

Kirghiz: teli; delbe 'stagger'

Kazakh: delbe 'stagger'

Noghai: teli; delbe 'stagger'

Bashkir: tile, tilbä 'stagger'

Balkar: teli

Gagauz: deli

Karaim: deli, teli

Karakalpak: delbe 'stagger'

Kumyk: deli

Comments: EDT 493, VEWT 472, ЭСТЯ 3, 214-216, TMN 3, 660-662. The forms meaning 'stagger' reveal some irregularities (notably, voiced d- in some Kypchak forms), perhaps due to interdialectal borrowing.

Proto-Turkic: *dēmin

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 enough 2 immediately

Russian meaning: 1 достаточно 2 немедленно, только что

Old Turkic: temin 2 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: temin (MK) 2

Turkish: demin 2

Halaj: tīemi 1

Chuvash: taman 1, 2

Tuva: dem 2, demin 2

Tofalar: dɛ:min 2

Gagauz: demin 2

Karaim: demin (K) 2

Comments: EDT 507, ЭСТЯ 3, 187-188.

Proto-Turkic: *dēr-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to collect, gather

Russian meaning: собирать

Old Turkic: ter- (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: tẹ̄r- (MK, KB)

Turkish: der-

Tatar: tir-, tijr- (КСТТ)

Middle Turkic: tẹr- (Abush., Sangl.)

Uzbek: ter-

Uighur: tär/j-

Sary-Yughur: ter-

Azerbaidzhan: där-, der-

Turkmen: tīr-

Khakassian: tir-, tēr-

Shor: tēr-

Oyrat: ter-

Yakut: terij-

Dolgan: terij-

Tuva: deri- 'снаряжать'

Kirghiz: ter-

Kazakh: ter-

Noghai: ter-

Bashkir: tir-

Karakalpak: ter-

Salar: tēre- (ССЯ)

Comments: EDT 529, VEWT 475, ЭСТЯ 3, 204-205, Stachowski 221. Turkm. has an irregular devoicing (old Kypchak influence?).

Proto-Turkic: *d(i)abɨlku

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 Spiraea 2 jujube

Russian meaning: 1 таволга 2 ююба

Old Turkic: tavɨlqu 1 (OUygh. - YB)

Karakhanid: tavɨlqu, tavɨlɣuč 2 (MK)

Turkish: davɨlga, davulgu (dial.) 1

Tatar: tubɨlɣɨ 1

Middle Turkic: tabulɣu, tubulɣu (Pav. C.) 'дерево с красной корой и гибкими ветками'

Azerbaidzhan: tuvulɣu (dial.)

Khakassian: tabɨlɣɨ 1

Oyrat: tabɨlɣɨ 1

Yakut: tobuluoskaj 1

Kirghiz: tabɨlɣɨ 1

Kazakh: tobɨlɣɨ 1

Bashkir: tubɨlɣɨ 1

Kumyk: toburɣu 1

Comments: EDT 441, Лексика 134. Turk. > Mong. tabilqa, tabilɣa id., whence again most modern Turkic forms (Tat. tubɨlɣɨ, Turk. tabulga, Yak. tamɨlɣan, Chuv. tupъlxa); see (somewhat differently) Аникин 521.

Proto-Turkic: *d(i)akɨ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 additionally, and others, plus 2 again, once more

Russian meaning: 1 кроме того, к тому же, и другие, больше, вдобавок 2 опять, еще раз

Old Turkic: taqɨ 1, 2 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: taqɨ 1 (MK)

Turkish: daha 1, bir daha 2 (takɨ as a clitic)

Tatar: taɣɨn 2, 'in order to'

Middle Turkic: daxɨ, taqɨ 1 (Abush., Sangl.), daɣɨ (MA) 1

Uzbek: taɣin 2

Uighur: texi 1, 2

Sary-Yughur: ta'qi, daɣi 2

Azerbaidzhan: däxi 'too'

Turkmen: daGɨ 1

Khakassian: tā, dā 1

Oyrat: daa 'although' (ГАЯ)

Halaj: taqɨ 1, 2

Yakut: daɣanɨ 1

Tuva: dā 1, dān 'wholly, always', tān 'very, excessively'

Kirghiz: daa, daɣɨ, taɣɨ 1, 2

Kazakh: taɣɨ 2

Noghai: taɣɨ 1, 2

Bashkir: taɣɨ 2

Balkar: daɣɨ-da 1, 2

Gagauz: tā 1, 2

Karaim: daa (K) 1, 2, daɣɨ (H, T) 1, 2, daɣɨn (H,K) 2, daxɨ (K) 1, daxa (K) 1, 2

Karakalpak: daɣɨ 'although', taɣɨ 1, 2

Salar: tāɣɨ, taxi 1, 2 (ССЯ)

Kumyk: daɣɨ 1, 2

Comments: VEWT 457, EDT 466, ЭСТЯ 3, 122-123. Phonology is somewhat uncertain because the stem is functioning as a clitic.

Proto-Turkic: *diāĺ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: stone

Russian meaning: камень

Old Turkic: taš (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: taš (MK)

Turkish: taš

Tatar: taš

Middle Turkic: taš (MA)

Uzbek: tɔš

Uighur: taš

Sary-Yughur: das

Azerbaidzhan: daš

Turkmen: dāš

Khakassian: tas

Shor: taš

Oyrat: taš

Halaj: tā̊š

Chuvash: čol

Yakut: tās

Dolgan: tās

Tuva: daš

Tofalar: taš, daš

Kirghiz: taš

Kazakh: tas

Noghai: tas

Bashkir: taš

Balkar: taš

Gagauz: taš

Karaim: taš

Karakalpak: tas

Salar: daš

Kumyk: taš

Comments: VEWT 466, TMN 2, 437-8, EDT 557, ЭСТЯ 3, 167-168, Егоров 326, Федотов 2, 421-422, Stachowski 219.

Proto-Turkic: *d(i)ālak

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: spleen

Russian meaning: селезенка

Old Turkic: tal (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: talaq (MK)

Turkish: dalak

Tatar: talaq

Middle Turkic: talaq (Sangl.)

Uzbek: talɔq

Azerbaidzhan: dalaG

Turkmen: dālaq

Yakut: tāl

Kazakh: talaq

Noghai: talaq

Bashkir: talaq

Balkar: talaq

Gagauz: dalaq 1; 'плавательный пузырь'

Karaim: talaq

Karakalpak: talaq

Kumyk: talaq

Comments: VEWT 457, EDT 495, ЭСТЯ 3, 137-138, Лексика 279. Tat. > Chuv. talak.

Proto-Turkic: *d(i)āĺ(ɨ)-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to overflow

Russian meaning: переливаться через край, разливаться

Old Turkic: taš- (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: taš- (MK)

Turkish: taš-

Tatar: tašɨ-

Middle Turkic: taš- (Sangl.)

Uzbek: tɔš-

Uighur: taš-

Sary-Yughur: tasɨ-

Azerbaidzhan: daš-

Turkmen: dāš-

Khakassian: tas-

Oyrat: tašqɨn 'flood'

Yakut: tahɨj-

Tuva: dažɨ-

Kirghiz: tašɨ-

Kazakh: tasɨ-

Noghai: tasɨ-

Gagauz: taš-

Karaim: taš-

Karakalpak: tasɨ-

Kumyk: tašɨ-

Comments: VEWT 466, EDT 559, ЭСТЯ 3, 169-170.

Proto-Turkic: *d(i)ār

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: narrow

Russian meaning: узкий

Old Turkic: tar (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: tar (MK)

Turkish: dar

Tatar: tar

Middle Turkic: tar (Abush., Sangl.)

Uzbek: tɔr

Uighur: tar

Sary-Yughur: tar

Azerbaidzhan: dar

Turkmen: dār

Khakassian: tar

Shor: tar

Oyrat: tar

Halaj: tā̊r

Yakut: tār

Tuva: tar

Tofalar: dar (Рас. ФиЛ), tar

Kirghiz: tar

Kazakh: tar

Noghai: tar

Bashkir: tar

Balkar: tar

Gagauz: dar

Karaim: tar

Karakalpak: tar

Salar: dar

Kumyk: tar

Comments: VEWT 463, EDT 528, ЭСТЯ 3, 146-147, 159-160; cf. Федотов 2, 179.

Proto-Turkic: *dik-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to plant vertically 2 vertical

Russian meaning: 1 ставить, сажать вертикально 2 вертикальный

Old Turkic: tik- 1 (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: tik- 1, tik 2 (MK)

Turkish: dik- 1, dik 2

Tatar: tekä- 1, tekä 2

Middle Turkic: tik- 1, tik 2 (Sangl.)

Uzbek: tik- 1, tik 2

Uighur: tik- 1, tik 2

Sary-Yughur: tɨk- 1

Azerbaidzhan: dik 2, dik-ä-l- (refl.) 1, tik- 'to build'

Turkmen: dik- 1, dik 2

Khakassian: tǝk- 'to set up a house'

Halaj: tik- 1

Chuvash: čik- 1

Yakut: tik-, tɨk- 'to sting; to sew'

Dolgan: tik- 'to sew'

Kirghiz: tik- 1, tik 2

Kazakh: tik- 1, tik 2

Noghai: tik- 1, tik 2

Bashkir: tekä 2, tekä- 'упирать, устремлять взгляд'

Balkar: tik 'крутой'

Gagauz: dik- 1, dik 2

Karaim: tik- 1, tik 2

Karakalpak: tik- 1, tik 2

Kumyk: tik- 1, tik 2

Comments: EDT 475-476, ЭСТЯ 3, 224-227, Егоров 325, Федотов 2, 417-418, Stachowski 223.

Proto-Turkic: *dil-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to split, cut in slices

Russian meaning: расщеплять, отрезать ломтики

Old Turkic: til- (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: til- (MK)

Turkish: dil-, dil 'thin slice'

Tatar: tel-

Middle Turkic: til- (Sangl., Pav. C.)

Uzbek: til-

Uighur: til-

Azerbaidzhan: dilim 'slice'

Turkmen: dil-

Khakassian: tǝl-

Oyrat: til-

Halaj: tilim 'slice'

Chuvash: čǝl-

Tuva: dil-

Kirghiz: til-

Kazakh: til-

Noghai: til-

Bashkir: tel-

Balkar: til-

Gagauz: dil-

Karaim: dilim (K) 'slice'

Karakalpak: til-

Kumyk: til-

Comments: VEWT 480, EDT 490-491, TMN 2, 553, ЭСТЯ 3, 230-231, Егоров 322, Мудрак 76.

Proto-Turkic: *diĺi

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 female 2 woman

Russian meaning: 1 самка 2 женщина

Old Turkic: tiši 1 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: tiši (MK, KB) 1

Turkish: diši 1

Middle Turkic: tiši (Abush., Sangl.) 1

Sary-Yughur: tese 1

Azerbaidzhan: diši 1

Khakassian: tǝzǝ 1

Shor: tiži 1

Oyrat: tiži 1

Halaj: tiši 1

Yakut: tɨhɨ 2

Dolgan: tɨhɨ 2

Tuva: diži 1

Balkar: tiši 1

Gagauz: diši 1

Karaim: diši, tiši 1

Kumyk: tiši 1

Comments: VEWT 482, EDT 560-561, ЭСТЯ 3, 244-245, Лексика 315, Stachowski 237.

Proto-Turkic: *diŕ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to bead, string 2 arrange in a row

Russian meaning: 1 нанизывать 2 располагать в ряд

Old Turkic: tiz- (OUygh.) 1

Karakhanid: tiz- (MK, KB) 1

Turkish: diz- 1, 2

Tatar: tez- 1, 2

Middle Turkic: tiz-, tüz- (Abush., Sangl.) 1

Uzbek: tiz- 1, 2

Uighur: tiz- 1, 2

Azerbaidzhan: düz- 1, 2

Turkmen: düz- 1, 2

Khakassian: tǝs-, čǝs- 1

Oyrat: tis- 1

Halaj: tiz- 1

Chuvash: tir- 1

Yakut: tis- 1

Dolgan: tis- 1

Tuva: dis- 1

Kirghiz: tiz- 1, 2

Kazakh: tiz- 1, 2

Noghai: tiz- 1, 2

Bashkir: teδe- 1, 2

Balkar: tiz- 1, 2

Gagauz: diz- 1, 2

Karaim: tiz- 1, tüz- 1, 2

Karakalpak: diz- 1, 2

Kumyk: tiz- 2

Comments: VEWT 482, EDT 572, ЭСТЯ 3, 218-220, Stachowski 223. The word (with the meaning 'to arrange in a row') interacts with *düŕ 'even, level' (v. sub *či̯uŕi).

Proto-Turkic: *dīĺ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: tooth

Russian meaning: зуб

Old Turkic: tiš (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: tɨš (MK), tiš (KB)

Turkish: diš

Tatar: teš

Middle Turkic: tiš (MA, Abush., Sangl.)

Uzbek: tiš

Uighur: tiš, čiš

Sary-Yughur: dɨs

Azerbaidzhan: diš

Turkmen: dīš

Khakassian: tǝs

Shor: tiš

Oyrat: diš

Halaj: tīš

Yakut: tīs

Dolgan: tīs

Tuva: diš

Tofalar: diš

Kirghiz: tiš

Kazakh: tis

Noghai: tis

Bashkir: teš

Balkar: tiš

Gagauz: diš

Karaim: tɨš

Karakalpak: tis

Salar: ciš

Kumyk: tiš

Comments: VEWT 481, EDT 557, 564-5, ЭСТЯ 3, 242-244, Лексика 228, Stachowski 224. Cf. also PT *dīĺ-le- 'to bite'.

Proto-Turkic: *dīŕ (*dǖŕ)

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: knee

Russian meaning: колено

Old Turkic: tiz (Orkh.)

Karakhanid: tizle- (MK) 'to press with one's knees'

Turkish: diz

Tatar: tez

Middle Turkic: diz (Pav. C., MA)

Uzbek: tiz

Uighur: tiz

Sary-Yughur: dɨz

Azerbaidzhan: diz

Turkmen: dɨ̄z

Khakassian: tǝzek

Shor: tize (R., Верб.)

Oyrat: tize

Halaj: tīz

Chuvash: čǝr-puśśi

Yakut: tühex

Tuva: diskek

Tofalar: tiskek

Kirghiz: tize

Kazakh: tize

Noghai: tiz

Bashkir: teδ

Balkar: tiz

Gagauz: diś

Karaim: tɨz

Karakalpak: dize

Salar: tüzy, tizy

Kumyk: tiz

Comments: VEWT 482, EDT 570, ЭСТЯ 3, 336-337, Егоров 323, Лексика 284.

Proto-Turkic: *dīre-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to support 2 support

Russian meaning: 1 подпереть 2 подпорка

Old Turkic: tirek 2 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: tire- 1 (MK), tirek 2 (Tefs., IM)

Turkish: dire- 1, direk 2

Tatar: terä- 1, teräk 2

Middle Turkic: tire- 1, tirek 2 (Sangl.)

Uzbek: tira- 1, tirak 2

Uighur: tiräk 2

Azerbaidzhan: dirä- 1, diräk 2

Turkmen: dīre- 1, dīrek 2

Khakassian: tǝre- 1, tǝreg 2

Chuvash: čarak 2

Yakut: tirǟ-, tirex 2

Kirghiz: tire- 1

Kazakh: tire- 1, tirek 2

Noghai: tire- 1, tirew 2

Bashkir: terä- 1, teräk 2

Gagauz: direk 2

Karaim: direk 2

Karakalpak: tire- 1

Salar: tirǝk 2 (Kakuk)

Kumyk: tire- 1, tirew 2

Comments: VEWT 481, EDT 533, 543, TMN 2, 655, ЭСТЯ 3, 237-239, Егоров 317, Федотов 2, 392.