Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *eg-dü

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: a curved knife

Russian meaning: кривой нож

Old Turkic: egdü (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: egdü (MK)

Turkish: egdi (dial.)

Turkmen: egdi

Chuvash: avdъ

Yakut: iät

Kirghiz: ijdi

Comments: EDT 102, VEWT 37. The semantics must have been secondarily influenced by *eg- 'to bend, curve'.

Proto-Turkic: *egin

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: shoulder

Russian meaning: плечо

Old Turkic: egin (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: egin (MK)

Turkish: eɣin, ejin 'back'

Middle Turkic: egin (Abush., Pav. C.), in (Pav. C.) 'back'

Uzbek: egin

Sary-Yughur: igen

Azerbaidzhan: äjin 'body'

Turkmen: egin (dial.)

Khakassian: iŋnĭ

Shor: äŋin, egini

Oyrat: ijin

Chuvash: avъn, an

Yakut: ien

Tuva: eɣin

Kirghiz: ijin

Kazakh: ĭjĭn

Noghai: ijin

Karaim: īn, in

Karakalpak: ijin

Comments: EDT 109, VEWT 37, ЭСТЯ 1, 225-227, Егоров 26, Лексика 239, Федотов 1, 42-43.

Proto-Turkic: *egir-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to twist, spin

Russian meaning: крутить, прясть

Karakhanid: egir- (MK)

Turkish: ejir-

Tatar: ir- (dial.)

Middle Turkic: egir- (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: jigir-

Uighur: jiger-, igir-

Azerbaidzhan: äjir-

Turkmen: egir-

Khakassian: īr-

Shor: īr-, egir-

Oyrat: ijir-

Halaj: häjir-

Chuvash: avъr-la-

Yakut: īr-is- 'спутаться о лесках'; ieregej 'humming-top'

Dolgan: ieregej 'drill'

Tuva: ēr-

Kirghiz: ijir-

Kazakh: ijir-

Noghai: ijir-

Balkar: ijir-

Karaim: ijir-

Karakalpak: ijir-

Salar: iɣer-

Kumyk: ijir-

Comments: EDT 112, ЭСТЯ 1, 227-231, TMN 2, 192, Федотов 1, 27, Stachowski 122. The Chuv. form reflects a partial merger with *ebir- (v. sub *i̯ằpV).

Proto-Turkic: *ej-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: lower side

Russian meaning: нижняя сторона

Chuvash: aj

Comments: A Chuvash isolate (see VEWT 38, Федотов 1, 28), but having probable external parallels.

Proto-Turkic: *ejekü

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: side, upper rib

Russian meaning: бок, верхнее ребро

Old Turkic: ejegü (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: ejegü (MK, KB)

Turkish: eje; (Osm.) ejegi

Middle Turkic: ejegü, üjegi (Sangl.)

Chuvash: ajъk

Yakut: ojoɣos ( < *ajaku-č?)

Dolgan: ojogos

Tuva: ēgi

Tofalar: ē~gi

Comments: VEWT 38, EDT 272, Егоров 38, Мудрак Дисс. 64, Лексика 275, Stachowski 190.

Proto-Turkic: *Ej-men-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to be shy, timid, afraid

Russian meaning: смущаться, робеть, пугаться

Old Turkic: ejmen- (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: ejmen- (MK)

Turkish: imen-

Tatar: imän-

Middle Turkic: ejmen- (Abush., Pav. C.)

Uzbek: ijmän-

Uighur: äjmän-

Azerbaidzhan: ejmän- (dial.)

Turkmen: ejmen-

Oyrat: ijmen-

Kirghiz: ijmen-

Kazakh: ĭjmen-

Noghai: ijmen-

Karaim: emen-

Karakalpak: ijmen-

Comments: VEWT 10, EDT 273, ЭСТЯ 1, 249-251. Turk. > WMong. ajman- (Щербак 1997, 96); but Mong. *aju- can be hardly regarded as a Turkism.

Proto-Turkic: *ek-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to decrease, be insufficient 2 common, ordinary, low class; fault, faulty

Russian meaning: 1 уменьшаться, быть недостаточным 2 обычный, низкородный; недостаток, недостаточный

Old Turkic: egsü- 1, egil 2 (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: egsü- 1 (MK)

Turkish: eksi-, eksil- 1, eksik 2

Middle Turkic: eksü- 1 (Abush.), öksü-, öksül- 1 (Pav. C.), öksük 2 (Abush., Pav. C.)

Uighur: ögsü- 1 (dial.)

Azerbaidzhan: äskik 2

Turkmen: egis-, egsil- 1, egsik 2

Chuvash: iksǝl- 1, jǝksek 2

Kirghiz: öksü- 1, öksük 2

Gagauz: jisil- 1

Karaim: eksil- 1, eksik 2

Comments: ЭСТЯ 1, 257-258, Егоров 77, Мудрак Дисс. 199; EDT 106, 117. The Chuv. Anlaut is not quite clear (iksǝl- < *jǝksǝl-?; one of the cases with prothetic j-, so the openness / closedness of the vowel in PT remains unknown); Федотов 1, 193 derives Chuv. jǝksik from PT *jek (v. sub *ĺā̀k`è), but this is phonetically impossible.

Proto-Turkic: *ek-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to sow 2 to scatter

Russian meaning: 1 сеять 2 разбрасывать

Old Turkic: ek- (Late OUygh.) 1

Karakhanid: ek- (MK, KB) 1, 2

Turkish: ek- 1

Tatar: ik- 1

Middle Turkic: ek- (Abush., Sangl.) 1

Uzbek: ek- 1

Uighur: ek- 1

Azerbaidzhan: äk- 1, 2

Turkmen: ek- 1

Halaj: häk- 1

Chuvash: ak- 1

Kirghiz: ek- 1

Kazakh: ek- 1

Noghai: ek- 1

Bashkir: ik- 1

Gagauz: ek- 1

Karaim: ek- 1

Karakalpak: ek- 1

Salar: ex- 1

Comments: EDT 100, ЭСТЯ 1, 251-252. Turk. > Hung. eke 'plough' (< *äkäɣ), see Gombocz 1912.

Proto-Turkic: *eke

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: elder sister

Russian meaning: старшая сестра

Old Turkic: eke (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: eke (MK); ege-t 'female servant of bride' (MK)

Turkmen: ekeǯi

Chuvash: akka

Comments: VEWT 38, ЭСТЯ 1, 222-224, TMN 1, 190, 2, 91-92, EDT 100, 102, Егоров 23.

Proto-Turkic: *eker

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: hunting dog

Russian meaning: охотничья собака

Tatar: igɛr (Sib.)

Middle Turkic: iger (Буд.)

Shor: eger

Oyrat: eger

Halaj: eger

Chuvash: agar jɨtti ( > Hung. agár, see Gombocz 1912)

Noghai: eger (Kum.)

Bashkir: igɛr 'a bastard of a wolf and a dog'

Comments: VEWT 38, 23.

Proto-Turkic: *ẹk(k)i

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: two

Russian meaning: два

Old Turkic: eki (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: ẹki (MK)

Turkish: iki

Tatar: ike

Middle Turkic: iki (AH, IM)

Uzbek: ikki

Uighur: ikki

Sary-Yughur: šigɨ

Azerbaidzhan: iki

Turkmen: iki

Khakassian: eke

Shor: igi

Oyrat: eki

Halaj: äkki, äkkị

Chuvash: ikkǝ

Yakut: ikki

Dolgan: ikki

Tuva: ĩji

Tofalar: ĩxi

Kirghiz: eki

Kazakh: eki

Noghai: eki

Bashkir: ike

Balkar: eki

Gagauz: iki

Karaim: ekɨ

Karakalpak: eki

Salar: išky

Kumyk: eki

Comments: VEWT 39, EDT 100-1, ЭСТЯ 1, 337-339, Егоров 67-68, Stachowski 124.

Proto-Turkic: *ek-ĺči-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 sour, acid, bitter 2 to be sour, bitter

Russian meaning: 1 кислый, горький 2 быть кислым, горьким

Karakhanid: ekšig (MK) 1

Turkish: ekši 1, ekši- 2

Middle Turkic: ekši 1, ekši- 2 (Pav. C.)

Azerbaidzhan: äkši 1

Turkmen: egšit- 2

Chuvash: jǝksü ( < *jǝkśü) 1

Gagauz: īši 1, īši- 2

Karaim: ekši 1, ekši- 2

Comments: EDT 118, ЭСТЯ 1, 259-260, Мудрак Дисс. 199.

Proto-Turkic: *ẹĺ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to walk, trot, amble

Russian meaning: ходить, брести, ехать иноходью

Old Turkic: eš- (Orkh.)

Karakhanid: eš- (MK)

Turkish: eš-

Tatar: äšt- (dial.)

Oyrat: eš- (dial.)

Chuvash: iš-

Yakut: is-

Dolgan: is-

Gagauz: ieš-

Comments: EDT 255, ЭСТЯ 1, 316, Stachowski 129.

Proto-Turkic: *ĕlge-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to sift; 2 sieve

Russian meaning: сито, просеивать

Old Turkic: elge- 1 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: elge- 1 (MK), ele- 1 (IM), elek 2 (IM)

Turkish: ele- 1, elek 2

Tatar: ilɛ- 1, ilɛk 2

Middle Turkic: ele- 1, elek 2 (Sangl.)

Uzbek: ela- 1, elak 2

Uighur: ägli- 1, älgäk 2

Azerbaidzhan: älä- 1, äläk 2

Turkmen: ele- 1, elek 2

Khakassian: ilge- 1, ilgek 2

Shor: ele- 1, elek 2

Oyrat: elge- 1, elgek 2

Halaj: häjlä- 1, häjläk 2

Chuvash: alla- 1, alla 2

Tuva: egle- / elge- 1

Tofalar: elge- 1, elgek 2

Kirghiz: ele-, elge- 1, elek, elgek 2

Kazakh: ele- 1, elek 2

Noghai: ele- 1, elek 2

Bashkir: ile- 1, ilek 2

Balkar: ele- 1, elek 2

Gagauz: iele- 1, ielek 2

Karaim: ele-, öle- 1, elek, ölek 2

Karakalpak: ele- 1, elek 2

Salar: elex 2 (ССЯ 324)

Kumyk: ele- 1, elek 2

Comments: EDT 143, VEWT 40, ЭСТЯ 1, 261-263, Егоров 24. The behaviour of the internal cluster is phonetically normal (not on a morphemic boundary). Turk. *elgek > WMong. elgeg, Kalm. elgǝg (KW 119, TMN 2, 118, Щербак 1997, 114).

Proto-Turkic: *eĺgek

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: donkey

Russian meaning: осел

Old Turkic: ešgek (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: ešgek, ešjek (MK)

Turkish: ešek

Tatar: išäk

Middle Turkic: ešek (Бор. Бад., Abush., Pav. C.)

Uzbek: ešäk

Uighur: ešäk

Azerbaidzhan: eššäk

Turkmen: ešek

Oyrat: eštek

Chuvash: ažak

Kirghiz: ešek

Kazakh: esek

Noghai: ešek

Bashkir: išäk

Balkar: ešek

Gagauz: iešek

Karaim: ešek

Karakalpak: ešek

Kumyk: ešek

Comments: ЭСТЯ 1, 317-318, TMN 2, 65, EDT 260.

Proto-Turkic: *eĺi

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: lady, beg's consort

Russian meaning: титул жены бега

Old Turkic: i/eši (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: i/eši (MK)

Comments: See EDT 256, TMN 2, 182-183. The word is borrowed in Mong.: MMong. esi (HY), WMong. esi 'empress', Kalm. iš 'mother' (KW 210), Ordos iši Gatũ 'nom d'un sanctuaire, eši qatun' (DO 389), see Clark 1980, 41.

Proto-Turkic: *elik

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: roebuck, wild goat

Russian meaning: косуля (общее назв. и самка)

Old Turkic: elik (OUygh. - YB)

Karakhanid: elik (KB)

Turkish: elik (dial.)

Middle Turkic: (MKypch.) elik (Houts., AH)

Khakassian: ilǝk

Shor: elik

Oyrat: elik

Yakut: elik 'чубарый олень'

Tuva: elik

Tofalar: elik

Kirghiz: elik

Kazakh: elik

Bashkir: ilek

Karakalpak: elik

Comments: EDT 142, VEWT 40, ЭСТЯ 1, 265-266, Лексика 153.

Proto-Turkic: *ẹĺit-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to hear

Russian meaning: слышать

Old Turkic: ešid- (Orkh.), ešit- (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: ešit- (MK, KB)

Turkish: išit-

Tatar: išet-; dial. (Mishar) iš- 'hear' (ТТДС 156), (Bar.) išɛn- 'listen' (ЯБТ 140)

Middle Turkic: ešit- (Abush. 63)

Uzbek: ešit-

Uighur: ešet- (Kashg., УНС 109)

Azerbaidzhan: ešit-, pass. ešidil-

Turkmen: ešit-, pass. ešidil-

Khakassian: is- / ist-

Halaj: išüt-

Chuvash: ilt-

Yakut: ihit-, pass. ihilin-

Dolgan: ihit-, pass. ihilin-

Kirghiz: ešit-

Kazakh: est-

Noghai: esit-

Bashkir: išet-

Balkar: ešt-

Gagauz: išit-

Karaim: šit-

Karakalpak: esit-

Salar: išti-

Kumyk: ešit-

Comments: VEWT 51, EDT 257-8, ЭСТЯ 1, 318-319, Егоров 69, Stachowski 123. Note -d- in Runic and the voicing of -t before a vowel in Az. and Turkm. Khak. has two forms of stem (is- and iste-, morphonologically distributed, so that is- < iste-; the same historical process could have occurred with. Küär. äš-, Kach. eš- (R 1, 905); so the only clear evidence for the stem *eĺ- are Tatar dialectal reflexes (in which case -t may be a causative suffix, see Bang 1925, Zajączkowski 1932). Shor este- 'to hear', estel- 'to be heard' do not belong here, being derived from *es > is 'mind, memory', like Mod. Uygh. aŋla- 'to hear' < aŋ 'mind'.

Proto-Turkic: *el, -ig

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: hand

Russian meaning: рука

Old Turkic: elig (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: elig (MK)

Turkish: el

Middle Turkic: el, elig (Abush., MA, Бор. Бад., Sangl.)

Uzbek: ilik (arch.)

Uighur: ilik (dial.)

Sary-Yughur: ɨlɨɣ

Azerbaidzhan: äl

Turkmen: el

Shor: ilik (Верб.), ilgilik 'mitten'

Halaj: ä̇l

Chuvash: alъ

Yakut: ilī, elī

Dolgan: ilī

Tofalar: eldik 'mitten'

Gagauz: jeĺ

Salar: el

Comments: VEWT 39, EDT 140-1, ЭСТЯ 1, 260-261, Лексика 251, Егоров 24, Stachowski 125-126.

Proto-Turkic: *Eltiri

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: skin of kid or lamb

Russian meaning: шкура козленка или ягненка, каракуль

Karakhanid: elri, eldiri (MK)

Turkish: elteri (dial.)

Tatar: iltĭr

Middle Turkic: eltirik (IM)

Uighur: älterä

Turkmen: elteri, elter (dial.)

Kazakh: eltĭrĭ

Noghai: eltiri

Bashkir: iltĭr

Balkar: eltĭrĭ, eltir

Karakalpak: eltiri

Kumyk: eltir

Comments: EDT 135, ЭСТЯ 1, 269-270.