Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *ẹl-t-, -č-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to bring, carry 2 to lead, drive, send

Russian meaning: 1 нести 2 вести, посылать

Old Turkic: elt- (Orkh., OUygh.) 1, 2

Karakhanid: elt-, elet- (MK) 1

Turkish: ilet- 1, 2

Tatar: ilt- 1

Middle Turkic: elt- (Houts.) 2, ilet- (Pav. C.) 1

Uzbek: elt- 1

Uighur: ilt- (dial.) 1

Sary-Yughur: elt- 1, 2

Turkmen: elt- 1, 2

Chuvash: jeś- , leś- 2

Yakut: ilt- 1, 2

Bashkir: ilt- 1

Balkar: elt- 1, 2

Karaim: elt- 1, 2

Kumyk: elt- 1, 2

Comments: EDT 132, VEWT 41, ЭСТЯ 1, 267-269, Stachowski 125, 126. Turk. > Mong. elde-, Kalm. eldǝ- (KW 119).

Proto-Turkic: *elük

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: mockery, ridicule

Russian meaning: насмешка, издевательство

Karakhanid: elük (MK)

Turkmen: ilgezik 'glib, jaunty' (?)

Khakassian: elǝk

Karaim: elik

Comments: ЭСТЯ 1, 264-265, EDT 142. Turk. > WMong. eleg, ileg, Khalkha eleg (KW 119).

Proto-Turkic: *em-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: now

Russian meaning: сейчас

Old Turkic: emti (OUygh.)

Turkish: imdi

Tatar: indĭ

Middle Turkic: imdi (AH, Pav. C.)

Uzbek: endi

Uighur: ämdi

Azerbaidzhan: indi

Turkmen: indi, š-ündi

Oyrat: emdi

Chuvash: ǝndǝ

Kirghiz: emi, endi

Kazakh: endĭ

Noghai: endi

Bashkir: indĭ

Balkar: endi

Karaim: endi

Karakalpak: endi

Kumyk: endi

Comments: EDT 156-157, VEWT 41, ЭСТЯ 1, 357-358, Егоров 65, Лексика 83 (with confusion of *em- and *am- q. v. sub *ămV).

Proto-Turkic: *eme

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 female 2 old woman

Russian meaning: 1 самка 2 старуха

Karakhanid: oma (MK "Tibetan") 1 (?)

Turkish: dial. eme 2

Azerbaidzhan: dial. ämä 2

Chuvash: ama 1

Kirghiz: eme 2

Comments: VEWT 42, ЭСТЯ 220, Егоров 25, EDT 156 (a "nursery" word, spread also in other Altaic languages).

Proto-Turkic: *emge-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to suffer, be tortured 2 bother, worry, pains

Russian meaning: 1 страдать, подвергаться пыткам 2 хлопоты, мучение, труд

Old Turkic: emge- (OUygh.) 1

Karakhanid: emge- 1, emgek 2 (MK)

Turkish: emen- 1, emek 2

Tatar: imgɛn- 1, imgɛk 2

Middle Turkic: emgen- (AH, Pav. C.) 1, emgek (AH, Abush.), emek (Pav. C.) 2

Uzbek: dial. emgɛk 2

Uighur: dial. ɛmgɛn- 1, ɛmgɛk 2

Azerbaidzhan: ämäk 2

Turkmen: emgen- 1, emgek 2

Chuvash: aman- 1, amak 'illness'

Yakut: emek 'decrepit'

Tuva: eŋbek 'chronic illness'

Kirghiz: emgek 2

Kazakh: eŋbek 2

Noghai: embek 2

Bashkir: imgɛn- 1, imgɛk 2

Karaim: emgen- 1, emgek 2

Comments: EDT 159, VEWT 42, ЭСТЯ 1, 272-275, 25-26. Turk. > Mong. emge- (Щербак 1997, 114).

Proto-Turkic: *Emgek-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to crawl

Russian meaning: ползти

Old Turkic: ömgekle- (OUygh.)

Turkish: emekle-

Middle Turkic: emgekle- (Бор. Бад., Pav. C., Abush.)

Uzbek: emäklä-

Uighur: iŋäklä- (dial.)

Azerbaidzhan: imäklä-

Turkmen: imekle-

Khakassian: ĭmekte-, nĭmekte-

Shor: emekte-

Oyrat: emekte-, emgekte-

Kirghiz: emgekte-

Kazakh: eŋbekte-

Gagauz: mekle-

Comments: EDT 160, VEWT 42, ЭСТЯ 1, 275. The noun *emgek 'crawling' is preserved in Tur. dial. imek, Chag. emgek 'crawling child' (and, despite Clauson ibid. it certainly has nothing to do with *emgek 'worry, pains', see *emge-). Cf. also forms like Turkm. eŋkej- 'bow' and Yak., Dolg. üŋk- 'to bow' (contractions?); see Stachowski 251.

Proto-Turkic: *em-ig, *em-ček

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 breast (fem.) 2 to suck 3 nipple

Russian meaning: 1 грудь (жен.) 2 сосать 3 сосок

Old Turkic: emig 1 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: ẹm- 2 (MK), ẹmig 1 (MK)

Turkish: em- 2, emǯik 1

Tatar: im- 2, imčɛk 1

Middle Turkic: ẹm- 2 (Pav. C.), emček 1 (Abush.)

Uzbek: emčak 1

Uighur: äm- 2, ämčäk 1

Sary-Yughur: emɨɣ 1

Azerbaidzhan: ämǯäk 3

Turkmen: em- 2, emǯek 1

Khakassian: em- 2, imǯek 1

Halaj: äm- 2

Chuvash: ǝʷm- 2

Yakut: em- 2, emīj 1

Dolgan: emij 1

Tuva: em- 2, emig 1

Tofalar: em- 2, emij 'udder'

Kirghiz: emček 1

Noghai: emšek 1

Bashkir: imsäk 1

Karakalpak: emšek 1

Comments: VEWT 41-2, EDT 158-9, ЭСТЯ 1, 271-272, Егоров 63, Лексика 273-274, Stachowski 45. PT *em-ig and *em-ček (the latter form is first attested in the 13th c.) are derived from *em- 'to suck'.

Proto-Turkic: *en

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: not (prohibitive particle)

Russian meaning: не (запретительная частица)

Chuvash: an

Comments: Егоров 26-27, Федотов 1, 43-45. An isolated Chuv. form, but probably archaic (cf. the external evidence). Cf. also Karakh. (MK Oghuz) aŋ 'an exclamation meaning "no"' (see EDT 165) - but it is a hapax, occurs only within a reduplication aŋ aŋ, does not regularly correspond to Chuv. an and may be just onomatopoeic.

Proto-Turkic: *En

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 earmark (on domestic animals) 2 to make an earmark 3 to castrate

Russian meaning: 1 метка на ушах (домашних животных) 2 ставить метку на ушах 3 кастрировать

Karakhanid: ene- 2 (MK), 3 (MK - Kypch.)

Turkish: enek 1, (dial.) en 1, ene- 3

Tatar: inä- (dial.) 2

Middle Turkic: en (Буд.), in (Pav. C.) 1

Uzbek: en (dial.) 1

Uighur: än 1

Azerbaidzhan: en (dial.) 1

Khakassian: in 1

Kirghiz: en 1

Kazakh: en 1, dial. ene- 2

Noghai: en 1

Bashkir: in, inäw 1

Karakalpak: en 1

Comments: ЭСТЯ 1, 177-278, EDT 166, 171.

Proto-Turkic: *Enč

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: tranquil, at peace

Russian meaning: спокойный, мирный

Old Turkic: enč; enčsire- 'to be uneasy' (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: enč (MK, KB), enčrü-n- 'to live in peace' (KB)

Tatar: inčü 'peace' (dial., Bar., ЯБТ 139) dial.

Sary-Yughur: inǯek-tɨɣ 'quiet' (ЯЖУ 32)

Oyrat: enčü 1, enčik- 'to get accustomed', enčik 'habit', enči-le- 'to soothe'

Comments: EDT 171-172, 173, 174, VEWT 172, 43.

Proto-Turkic: *enük ( ~ *ünek)

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: young of a wild animal, puppy

Russian meaning: детеныш дикого животного, щенок

Old Turkic: enük (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: enük (MK)

Turkish: enik, enǯek

Middle Turkic: enük (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: enük (Chag.)

Azerbaidzhan: änix (dial.)

Shor: ünegeš

Oyrat: ünegeš

Chuvash: anǯъk

Yakut: ünüges

Dolgan: ünüges

Tuva: enik

Gagauz: jenik

Comments: EDT 183, VEWT 44, ЭСТЯ 1, 281-283, Егоров 29, Stachowski 251.

Proto-Turkic: *eŋ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: very

Russian meaning: очень

Old Turkic: eŋ (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: eŋ (KB)

Turkish: en

Tatar: iŋ

Uzbek: eŋ

Uighur: äŋ

Sary-Yughur: jeŋ

Azerbaidzhan: än

Turkmen: iŋ

Khakassian: iŋ, dial. niŋ

Shor: eŋ

Oyrat: eŋ

Yakut: eŋin 'diverse, various'

Dolgan: eŋin-eŋin 'diverse'

Tuva: eŋ

Kirghiz: eŋ

Kazakh: eŋ

Noghai: eŋ

Bashkir: iŋ

Balkar: eŋ

Gagauz: heŋ

Karaim: eŋk

Karakalpak: eŋ

Comments: VEWT 45, EDT 166, ЭСТЯ 1, 365-366, Stachowski 43. Turk. > Mong. eŋ, see TMN 2, 130.

Proto-Turkic: *eŋ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to be perplexed 2 stupid 3 bashful, gauche 4 to torture, pester

Russian meaning: 1 быть в недоумении 2 глупый 3 застенчивый, робкий 4 измучить, привести в состояние растерянности

Karakhanid: eŋ- 1; (caus.) eŋit-, eŋtür- (MK); endik 2 (MK)

Turkish: (dial.) endik 3

Middle Turkic: (Xwar.) entik 2 (Qutb)

Uzbek: enka-tenkasini čiqar- 4

Khakassian: iŋde-t- 'to flounder (of thoughts)'

Chuvash: ankъ-minkǝ 'stupidity, madness' (but may be < Tat., see *aŋ-)

Yakut: ? eŋej- 'to look greedily on food, wait for a sop'

Kirghiz: enȫ 'ротозей', ente- 'to become confused', eŋke 'stupid person'

Comments: EDT 168, 179, 181, ЭСТЯ 1, 155, 156-157 (sub *aŋ- 'perplexed, silly').

Proto-Turkic: *eŋir-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to spin 2 to surround

Russian meaning: 1 крутить 2 окружать

Old Turkic: eŋir- (OUygh.) 1

Middle Turkic: eŋir- (Буд.) 2

Tuva: ē̃r- 1

Comments: EDT 113, VEWT 37.

Proto-Turkic: *eŋse

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: back of the neck

Russian meaning: задняя часть шеи

Turkish: ense

Middle Turkic: eŋse, äŋsä (Ettuhf.)

Uzbek: ensä

Turkmen: jeŋse

Oyrat: eŋze

Chuvash: ǝnze, jǝnze

Kirghiz: eŋse

Kazakh: eŋse

Noghai: eŋse

Gagauz: jensä

Karaim: eŋse, ense

Karakalpak: eŋse

Kumyk: eŋse

Comments: ЭСТЯ 4, 190-191, Егоров 65, Лексика 237-238.

Proto-Turkic: *Ep-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to blow 2 movement of air, breeze 3 energy, tempo 4 gusty (wind)

Russian meaning: 1 дуть, веять 2 движение воздуха, ветерок 3 порыв, темп, энергия 4 порывистый (о ветре)

Tatar: ip- 1 (Seb.)

Uzbek: äpkin (dial.) 2

Oyrat: epkin 2

Kirghiz: epkin 3

Kazakh: epkin 2

Noghai: epkinli 4

Karakalpak: epkin 3

Comments: Лексика 42.

Proto-Turkic: *Epej

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: baked bread

Russian meaning: печеный хлеб

Tatar: ipi

Bashkir: äpäj

Comments: Forms like epmek may belong here but contaminated with *etmek (v. sub *ite).

Proto-Turkic: *er-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to be (aux.)

Russian meaning: быть (вспом.)

Old Turkic: er- (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: er- (MK, KB)

Turkish: i-

Tatar: i- (i-ken (perf.) 'it appears', i-meš (evident.) '...says that it is')

Middle Turkic: er- (Abush.)

Uzbek: e-, er-ür (fut.)

Uighur: e-

Sary-Yughur: er-

Azerbaidzhan: i-

Turkmen: er-

Khakassian: i-

Shor: e-

Oyrat: e-

Halaj: är- (D. GCh 182)

Yakut: e-/er-

Dolgan: e-/er-

Tuva: e-/ir-

Kirghiz: e-

Kazakh: e-

Noghai: e-

Bashkir: i-

Balkar: e-

Gagauz: i-/ir-

Karaim: e-

Karakalpak: e-

Salar: ir- (Kakuk 182)

Kumyk: e-

Comments: EDT 193-194, VEWT 46, ЭСТЯ 1, 218-220, Stachowski 42, 46. The verb frequently occurs as e-, without the final -r- (see ibid.).

Proto-Turkic: *er-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 coquetry 2 cockering, endearment 3 cockered, beloved 4 entertainment , joke

Russian meaning: 1 кокетство 2 баловство, ласка 3 избалованный, любимый 4 забава, шутка

Turkish: erke (dial.) 3

Tatar: irkä 3, (dial.) irmäk 4

Middle Turkic: erke 1, 2, 3 (Abush., Pav. C.)

Uzbek: erkä 1, 3, ermak 4

Uighur: ärkä 3, ermäk 4

Azerbaidzhan: ärkä (dial.) 2, 3

Turkmen: ermek 4 (dial.)

Khakassian: irkä 3

Shor: erke 3, erbek 4

Oyrat: erke 3, ermek, erbek 4

Chuvash: jǝrgǝn `wriggler, trickster' (Ashm.)

Yakut: erke 2

Tuva: erɣe 2

Kirghiz: erke 3, ermek 4

Kazakh: erke 3, ermek 4

Noghai: erke 3

Bashkir: irkä 3, irmäk 4

Balkar: erke 3

Karakalpak: erke 3, ermek 4

Kumyk: erke 3

Comments: VEWT 48, ЭСТЯ 1, 296-297, 300-301, TMN 2, 181-182. The root is widely spread, although unattested in older sources; its relationship to *eriĺ- 'contest' (suggested in ЭСТЯ 297) is dubious.

Proto-Turkic: *ẹŕ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to scratch, scrape 2 to knead, press 3 to grind, crush 4 to soak, dilute 5 to rub, smear

Russian meaning: 1 скрести, царапать 2 разминать, давить 3 толочь, растирать 4 мочить, разжижать 5 растирать, обмазывать

Karakhanid: ez- (MK) 1

Turkish: ez- 2, 3, 4

Tatar: iz- 2

Middle Turkic: ez- (Бор. Бад., Pav. C.) 5

Uzbek: ez- 2, 5

Uighur: äz- 2, 3

Azerbaidzhan: äz- 2

Turkmen: ez- 4

Halaj: äz- 2

Chuvash: ir- 2, 4

Kirghiz: ez- 2

Kazakh: ez- 2, 4

Noghai: ez- 2

Bashkir: iδ- 2

Balkar: ez- 2, 3

Gagauz: ez- 2, 3

Karaim: ez- 2, 3

Karakalpak: ez- 2

Kumyk: ez- 3

Comments: EDT 279, ЭСТЯ 1, 235-236, Егоров 71, Федотов 1, 170.