Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *eŕen

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: wormwood

Russian meaning: полынь

Chuvash: arъm

Kazakh: izen (R)

Comments: VEWT 48, Егоров 346, Федотов 1, 57-58. Turk. (Bulg.) > Hung. üröm, see Gombocz 1912.

Proto-Turkic: *Eren

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: man, mankind

Russian meaning: человек, человеческий род

Old Turkic: eren (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: eren (MK)

Tatar: irɛn (dial.)

Middle Turkic: eren (Pav. C.)

Uighur: ejen (Lob.)

Sary-Yughur: eren

Khakassian: iren

Kirghiz: eren

Kazakh: eren

Karaim: eren

Comments: ЭСТЯ 1, 290-291.

Proto-Turkic: *erge

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 part of the yurt close to the door 2 threshhold 3 stairs

Russian meaning: 1 часть юрты рядом с дверью 2 порог 3 лестница

Middle Turkic: irgene 'smth. belonging to the tent' (Sangl.)

Khakassian: irkǝn 2

Oyrat: irge 2

Chuvash: argъ `lap'

Yakut: ergene, ergine 3

Kirghiz: ergilček 1

Kazakh: erge, irge 1

Comments: VEWT 47, Федотов 1, 56-57.

Proto-Turkic: *ẹri-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to melt

Russian meaning: таять

Karakhanid: erü- (MK)

Turkish: eri-

Middle Turkic: eri- (Abushk.)

Uzbek: eri-

Uighur: iri-

Azerbaidzhan: äri-

Turkmen: ere-

Khakassian: irǝ-

Oyrat: eri-

Chuvash: irǝl-

Yakut: ir-

Dolgan: ir-

Tuva: eri-

Kirghiz: eri-

Kazakh: eri-

Bashkir: ire-

Balkar: eri-

Gagauz: jeri-

Karaim: iri-

Karakalpak: eri-

Salar: iri-

Kumyk: iri-

Comments: ЭСТЯ 1, 289-290, Stachowski 128, EDT 198.

Proto-Turkic: *Ērig

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: rough, large

Russian meaning: грубый, крупный

Old Turkic: erig (OUygh.) 'wild'

Karakhanid: erig (MK) 'lively, energetic'

Turkish: iri

Tatar: ĭrĭ

Middle Turkic: iri (Бор. Бад.), irik (Бор. Бад., Pav. C.), erig (Qutb.)

Uzbek: jirik

Uighur: irik, jirik

Azerbaidzhan: iri

Turkmen: īri

Kirghiz: iri

Kazakh: iri

Noghai: iri

Bashkir: ĭrĭ

Karaim: iri

Karakalpak: iri

Comments: EDT 221, 222, ЭСТЯ 1, 371-372. Modern languages reveal a secondary vowel narrowing. Turk. > Hung. öreg.

Proto-Turkic: *Erin

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: lip

Russian meaning: губа

Old Turkic: erin (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: erin (MK)

Turkish: erin (dial.)

Tatar: irĭn

Middle Turkic: iren (Abush., Pav. C.)

Uzbek: irin

Turkmen: erin

Khakassian: irĭn

Oyrat: erin

Halaj: ä̇rin

Tuva: erin

Tofalar: erin 'chin'

Kirghiz: erin

Kazakh: erĭn

Noghai: erin

Bashkir: irĭn

Balkar: erin

Karaim: erin

Karakalpak: erin

Kumyk: erin

Comments: EDT 232-233, VEWT 48, ЭСТЯ 1, 292-293, Лексика 226-227. See also notes to *Erneg 'edge'.

Proto-Turkic: *ẹr-kek

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 man 2 husband 3 male

Russian meaning: 1 мужчина 2 муж 3 самец

Karakhanid: erkek 1 (MK, KB)

Turkish: erkek 1

Tatar: irkɛk 3

Uzbek: erkak 1

Azerbaidzhan: erkäk 1

Turkmen: erkek 1

Oyrat: erkek 1, 2

Halaj: hịrkäk 1

Yakut: irgex 3

Dolgan: irgek 3

Tuva: irgek 3

Tofalar: i'rxek 3

Kirghiz: erkek 1

Kazakh: erkek 1

Noghai: erkek 1

Bashkir: irkäk 3

Balkar: erkek 1

Gagauz: erkek 1

Karaim: erkek 1

Karakalpak: erkek 1

Salar: ärkex 1

Kumyk: erkek 1

Comments: VEWT 46, TMN 2, 178-9, EDT 192, ЭСТЯ 1, 297-298, 321-322, Лексика 303, 561, Егоров 30, Stachowski 46, 128. We follow Clauson (EDT 223-4) in separating *ēr from *ẹr-kek.

Proto-Turkic: *Erneg

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: edge (of a dish)

Russian meaning: край, кромка (посуды)

Turkish: ernek (dial.)

Tatar: irnäw

Middle Turkic: ernek (Pav. C.)

Turkmen: erŋek

Kirghiz: erdȫ

Kazakh: ernew

Bashkir: irne- 'to border'

Karakalpak: ernek

Comments: ЭСТЯ 1, 301. The root is attested late and may be theoretically derived from *Erin 'lip' (v. sub *i̯ằré); however, the latter can also mean 'edge (of a dish)' in some languages and one can suspect that PT actually merged *Erin 'lip' and *Erin 'edge', while the form *Erneg was derived only from the latter.

Proto-Turkic: *erŋek

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: finger, thumb

Russian meaning: палец, большой палец

Old Turkic: erŋek (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: erŋek, dial. ernek (MK)

Middle Turkic: ernek (Pav. C.)

Khakassian: irgek

Oyrat: ergek

Yakut: erbex

Dolgan: erbek 'peg'

Tuva: ergek

Comments: EDT 234, ЭСТЯ 1, 299, Лексика 253-255, Stachowski 47.

Proto-Turkic: *erük

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 plum 2 apricot

Russian meaning: 1 слива 2 абрикос

Old Turkic: erük 1, 2 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: erük 1, 2 (MK)

Turkish: erik 1

Tatar: ü̆rĭk 2

Middle Turkic: erük (AH) 'peach', örük (Abush.) 1

Uzbek: ọrịk 2

Uighur: ürük 2

Azerbaidzhan: ärik 2

Turkmen: erik 2

Kirghiz: örük 2

Kazakh: orĭk 2

Bashkir: ü̆rü̆k 2

Balkar: erik 1

Gagauz: ierik 1

Karaim: erik 1

Karakalpak: erik 2

Salar: örüx 1

Kumyk: erik 1

Comments: EDT 222, ЭСТЯ 1, 291-292.

Proto-Turkic: *es

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 memory, mind 2 to pity, regret

Russian meaning: 1 память, рассудок 2 жалеть, сожалеть

Old Turkic: es 1 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: es 1 (KB), esirge- 2 (MK)

Tatar: is 1

Middle Turkic: es 1 (AH, KW)

Uzbek: es 1

Uighur: äs 1

Azerbaidzhan: äksi (< äs-ki) 'clever'

Turkmen: es 1

Oyrat: es 1

Chuvash: as 1

Kazakh: es 1

Noghai: es 1

Bashkir: iɵ 1

Balkar: es 1

Karaim: es 1

Karakalpak: es 1

Kumyk: es 1

Comments: EDT 252, VEWT 49, 50, ЭСТЯ 1, 310, Егоров 33, Федотов 1, 61. Turk. > WMong. esi, Kalm. iš 'allowing, etiquette'.

Proto-Turkic: *es-(kü)

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: old, ancient

Russian meaning: старый

Old Turkic: eski (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: eski (MK, KB)

Turkish: eski, dial. esgi

Tatar: iske

Middle Turkic: eski (Sangl., Pav. C., AH, IM)

Uzbek: eski

Uighur: eski, öski

Azerbaidzhan: äski, äsilli 'grown up'

Turkmen: esgi

Oyrat: eski

Chuvash: as-lъ 'great', az-(-atte, -anne) 'grandfather, grandmother'

Yakut: ösük 'ancient times'

Kirghiz: eski

Kazakh: eski

Noghai: eski

Bashkir: iɵke

Balkar: eski

Gagauz: i̯eski

Karaim: eski

Karakalpak: eski

Kumyk: esgi, eski

Comments: VEWT 50, ЭСТЯ 1, 306-308, Лексика 86, EDT 246, Федотов 1, 63-64. Cf. also Turk. *asɨ- 'old, last year's' (VEWT 29).

Proto-Turkic: *ẹsür-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to become drunk

Russian meaning: пьянеть, напиваться

Old Turkic: esür- (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: esür- (MK)

Turkish: esri-

Tatar: isĭr-

Middle Turkic: esri- (AH)

Uzbek: äsĭr- (dial.)

Turkmen: esre-

Khakassian: izĭr-

Shor: ezir-

Oyrat: ezir-

Chuvash: üzǝr-

Yakut: itir-

Dolgan: itiriktē- 'to rejoice, have a feast'

Tuva: ezir-

Tofalar: e`siri-

Kirghiz: esir-

Kazakh: esĭr-

Noghai: esir-

Bashkir: iɵĭr-

Balkar: esir-

Karaim: esir-

Karakalpak: esir-

Kumyk: esir-

Comments: EDT 251, VEWT 50, ЭСТЯ 1, 309-310, Stachowski 130.

Proto-Turkic: *et

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: meat

Russian meaning: мясо

Old Turkic: et (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: et (MK)

Turkish: et

Tatar: it

Middle Turkic: et (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: et

Uighur: ät

Sary-Yughur: jeht

Azerbaidzhan: ät

Turkmen: et

Khakassian: it

Shor: et

Oyrat: et

Halaj: ät ( < Az.?)

Chuvash: üt

Yakut: et

Dolgan: et

Tuva: e't

Tofalar: e't

Kirghiz: et

Kazakh: et

Noghai: et

Bashkir: it

Balkar: et

Gagauz: jet'

Karaim: et

Karakalpak: et

Salar: äht

Kumyk: et

Comments: VEWT 52, EDT 33, ЭСТЯ 1, 311-312, Лексика 455, Stachowski 48.

Proto-Turkic: *Etek

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: lap, edge of cloth

Russian meaning: подол, край одежды

Karakhanid: etek (MK)

Turkish: etek

Tatar: itäk

Middle Turkic: etek (Бор. Бад., Abush., Pav. C.)

Uzbek: etäk

Uighur: etäk

Azerbaidzhan: ätäk

Turkmen: etek

Khakassian: idek

Shor: edek

Oyrat: edek

Halaj: hätäk

Tuva: e'dek

Kirghiz: etek

Kazakh: etek

Noghai: etek

Bashkir: itäk

Balkar: etek

Gagauz: ietek

Karaim: etek

Karakalpak: etek

Kumyk: etek

Comments: EDT 50, VEWT 52, ЭСТЯ 1, 313.

Proto-Turkic: *et-mek

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: bread

Russian meaning: хлеб

Old Turkic: ötmek (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: etmek (MK), epmek (MK - Oghuz, Qypch.)

Turkish: etmek, ekmek

Tatar: ikmäk

Middle Turkic: etmek, ötmek (Pav. C.)

Azerbaidzhan: äppäk

Turkmen: (dial.) ekmek, epmek

Khakassian: ipek

Shor: itpäk

Oyrat: ötpök

Noghai: ötpek

Bashkir: ikmäk

Balkar: ötmek

Gagauz: iekmek

Karaim: ekmek, etmek, ötmek

Kumyk: ekmek

Comments: EDT 12, 60, VEWT 376, ЭСТЯ 1, 254-256. The oldest form is clearly *et-mek with various subsequent assimilations.

Proto-Turkic: *ēb-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to hurry 2 quick

Russian meaning: 1 спешить 2 быстрый

Old Turkic: evük (OUygh.) 2

Karakhanid: ev- (KB) 1, evek 2 (MK, KB)

Turkish: ev- 1

Middle Turkic: ev- (MA, IM, Qutb., Houts.)

Turkmen: ǟv- 1

Khakassian: ibek 2

Shor: ibek 2

Chuvash: avaš- 1; avъk 'moment; quick'

Comments: EDT 4, 8-9, VEWT 34, Егоров 19 (Федотов 1, 25-26 - differently).

Proto-Turkic: *ēč- (~ī-)

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to submit

Russian meaning: подчинять

Old Turkic: ičik- (Orkh., OUygh.), ečik- (Yen.)

Karakhanid: ečik- (MK)

Uighur: ečin- 'to repent, regret'

Turkmen: eǯīz 'weak, fenceless'

Khakassian: is- 'to obey'

Comments: EDT 25.

Proto-Turkic: *ẹ̄diĺ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: vessel

Russian meaning: сосуд

Old Turkic: ediš (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: ed/δiš (MK), ijiš (IM)

Middle Turkic: ediš (Abush., Sangl.), iδiš (Qutb)

Turkmen: īdiš (dial.)

Khakassian: dial. edis

Halaj: hidị̄š

Yakut: ihit

Tuva: idiš

Tofalar: idiš

Kirghiz: idiš

Kazakh: ɨdɨs

Karakalpak: ɨdɨs

Comments: VEWT 36, EDT 72, ЭСТЯ 1, 328-329. Turk. > Mong. idiš (see Щербак 1997, 119). Yak. ihit < isit < itis; most of the other modern forms are probably backloans < Mong.

Proto-Turkic: *ẹ̄g-id-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to grow, bring up 2 high, raised up 3 huge

Russian meaning: 1 растить, воспитывать 2 высокий, поднятый 3 огромный

Old Turkic: igid-, egid- 1, ediz (< *ēdgiŕ) 2 (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: igiδ- 1, eδiz 2 (MK)

Turkmen: ǟgirt 3

Yakut: īt- 1

Dolgan: īt- 1

Comments: EDT 73, 103, VEWT 36, 169, ЭСТЯ 1, 224-225, Stachowski 131.