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Proto-Turkic: *güni
Meaning: 1 co-wife 2 envy, jealousy 3 jealous, envious person 4 to be jealous, envy
Russian meaning: 1 одна из нескольких жен 2 зависть, ревность 3 ревнивец, завистник 4 ревновать, завидовать
Old Turkic: küni (OUygh.) 2
Turkish: gönü, günü 1, 2
Tatar: köndäš 1, kön-če 3, kene (dial.) 2
Uzbek: kundaš 1, kunči 3
Uighur: kündäš 1, kün-lü- 4, kün-či 3
Sary-Yughur: kun bol- 4 (ЯЖУ ) Azerbaidzhan: günü 1
Turkmen: güni 1
Khakassian: kün-ne- 4, künǯi 3
Oyrat: künü 2
Yakut: künǖ 2
Tuva: xün-ne- 4
Kirghiz: künü, kündöš 1, künü-lö- 'to be jealous (of women)'
Kazakh: kündes 1, kün-de- 4
Noghai: kündes 1, kün-le- 4
Bashkir: köndäš 1, kön-lä- 4, kön-sö 3
Karaim: kündeš 1, kün-le-, künü-le-, könü-le- 4
Karakalpak: kündes 1, kün-le- 4
Kumyk: gün-čü 3
Comments: VEWT 307, 309, EDT 727, ЭСТЯ 3, 104-105, Мудрак 76, Федотов 1, 269. Cf. perhaps also Yak. kij̃īt, Dolg. kinīt 'sister-in-law' (?).Proto-Turkic: *güŋ
Meaning: female slave
Russian meaning: рабыня
Old Turkic: küŋ (Orkh., OUygh.)
Middle Turkic: küŋ (MA ), (MKypch.) küŋ (CCum .) Uzbek: guŋ 'voiceless female slave'
Turkmen: güŋ 'a Turkmani born from a Persian woman' (Буд. ) Chuvash: xъr-ɣъm
Kirghiz: küŋ
Kazakh: küŋ
Karakalpak: küŋ
Comments: VEWT 309, EDT 726, ЭСТЯ 5, 142, Лексика 317. The Uzb. meaning was influenced by Persian gung 'deaf-and-dumb'.Proto-Turkic: *gür
Meaning: 1 stout-hearted, courageous 2 thick, dense, abundant 3 wide, broad 4 well fed
Russian meaning: 1 храбрый 2 толстый, плотный, обильный 3 широкий 4 откормленный
Karakhanid: kür 1 (MK , KB ) Turkish: gür 2
Tatar: kör 1, 4
Azerbaidzhan: gür 2
Turkmen: gür 2
Khakassian: kür 1
Chuvash: kǝʷrǝʷ 1, 2
Yakut: kür 3
Tuva: xür 'healthy, well fed'
Kirghiz: kür 'powerful'
Noghai: kür 'friendly'
Bashkir: kör 1, 4
Gagauz: gür 2
Karaim: kür 2
Kumyk: kür 1
Comments: VEWT 310-311, EDT 735, ЭСТЯ 3, 106, Федотов 1, 277-278. Turk. > WMong. kür, Kalm. kür (KW 246).Proto-Turkic: *güŕ-
Meaning: 1 to lace, bind 2 part of loom
Russian meaning: 1 вязать, связывать 2 нитченки
Middle Turkic: küzük (IM ) 2 Turkmen: göze- 1
Oyrat: küzüg 2 (dial. North.)
Chuvash: kǝʷrǝʷ 2
Kirghiz: küzük 2
Proto-Turkic: *güŕel
Meaning: beautiful
Russian meaning: красивый
Turkish: güzel
Uzbek: gụzal
Uighur: gözäl
Azerbaidzhan: gözäl
Turkmen: gözel
Kirghiz: közöl
Noghai: közel
Gagauz: gözäl
Karaim: guzaĺ (K)
Proto-Turkic: *gǖč
Meaning: power
Russian meaning: сила
Old Turkic: küč (Orkh., OUygh.)
Turkish: güǯ
Tatar: köč
Uzbek: kuč
Uighur: küč
Sary-Yughur: kuš
Azerbaidzhan: güǯ
Turkmen: gǖč
Khakassian: küs
Shor: küš
Oyrat: küč
Halaj: kīič
Yakut: kǖs
Dolgan: kǖs
Tuva: küš
Tofalar: küš
Kirghiz: küč
Kazakh: küš
Noghai: küš
Bashkir: kös
Balkar: küč
Gagauz: güč
Karaim: küč
Karakalpak: küš
Kumyk: güč
Proto-Turkic: *gǖd-
Meaning: 1 to wait 2 to attend 3 to respect 4 to graze
Russian meaning: 1 ждать 2 прислуживать 3 почитать 4 пасти
Old Turkic: küd- 1 (OUygh.)
Karakhanid: küδ- 1, 3 (MK , KB ) Turkish: güt/d- 4
Tatar: köt- 1, 4
Middle Turkic: küt- 'to lead cattle away from pasture' (Pav. C. , Sangl. ) Uzbek: kut- 1, 2
Uighur: küt- 1
Azerbaidzhan: güt/d-
Khakassian: küzet- 4
Oyrat: küj- 1, küt- 2, 4
Yakut: kǖt- 1
Dolgan: kǖt- 1
Kirghiz: küj- 1, küt- 1, 2
Kazakh: küt- 2
Bashkir: köt- 1, 4
Balkar: küt- 4
Gagauz: güt- 4
Karaim: küt- 4
Karakalpak: küj-, küt- 1, 2
Kumyk: küt- 'выполнять'
Comments: EDT 701, VEWT 306, 312, ЭСТЯ 3, 107-108 (the variant *gǖt- is morphologically secondary, actually = *gǖdü-t-). The proposed derivation (see ЭСТЯ 108) from *gü- (*kü-), attested only in the OUygh. doublet kü- közeδ- 'protect and keep' (see EDT 686) is far from certain (the meaning of kü- here is not quite clear; közeδ- is probably < *göŕ- 'see, eye' = Yak., Dolg. köhüt- 'wait'; Khak. küzet- above can reflect both *-ŕ- and *-d-).Proto-Turkic: *gǖl-
Meaning: to tether, bind feet
Russian meaning: привязывать, спутывать ноги
Karakhanid: kül-tür- (MK ) Turkish: gülü- (dial.)
Sary-Yughur: k'ul-
Turkmen: güjl-
Oyrat: kül-
Tuva: xülü-
Comments: VEWT 308, EDT 717 (incorrectly to kül- 'harness'), ЭСТЯ 3, 95-96.Proto-Turkic: *gǖŕ
Meaning: autumn
Russian meaning: осень
Old Turkic: küz (Orkh., OUygh.)
Turkish: güz
Tatar: köz
Uzbek: kuz
Uighur: küz
Sary-Yughur: kuz
Azerbaidzhan: güz-äm 'autumn wool'
Turkmen: gǖz
Khakassian: küs
Shor: küs
Oyrat: küs
Chuvash: kǝʷr
Yakut: kühün
Dolgan: kühün
Tuva: küs
Tofalar: küs
Kirghiz: küz
Kazakh: küz
Noghai: küz
Bashkir: köδ
Balkar: küz
Gagauz: güz
Karaim: küz
Karakalpak: küz
Kumyk: güz
Proto-Turkic: *(i)ăba
Meaning: poison; evil
Russian meaning: яд; досада, гнев
Yakut: aba; aba-r- 'to be angry'
Dolgan: abalā- 'to be angry'
Tuva: ō 'poison; ferret's musk'
Comments: VEWT 9, Рясянен 1955 , 67, ЭСТЯ I 67, Stachowski 27. The root is very close to another one, *āgu (v. sub *ā́gi ), with the same meaning; the reflexes may be phonetically distinguished in Yak. and Tuva (Tuva *agu > ā, cf. Tof. ā 'poison'), in other languages the two roots must have coincided.Proto-Turkic: *(i)abɨ-
Meaning: 1 to enjoy oneself, be happy (refl.) 2 to comfort (caus.)
Russian meaning: 1 радоваться, быть счастливым 2 утешать, успокаивать
Old Turkic: abɨnɨq 'consolation' (USp. 43), avɨn-ču 'concubine' (YB 1) Karakhanid: avɨn- 1 (MK ), avɨt- 2 (KB ) Turkish: avun- 1, avut- 2, 'to deceive'
Middle Turkic: awut- 2, awun- 'to find comfort' (Sangl. ) Uzbek: ɔvun- 1, ɔvut- 2
Azerbaidzhan: ovun- 1, ovut- 2
Khakassian: abɨt- 'to lull'
Shor: abɨt- 'to lull'
Halaj: avun- 1, avut- 2
Yakut: ɨa-hax 'play'
Dolgan: ɨa-hak 'play'
Tuva: aat- 'to lull'
Tofalar: aat- 'to lull'
Gagauz: aut- 'to deceive'
Karaim: avun-, uvun- 'to be consoled', uvut- 2
Comments: EDT 7, 12; VEWT 2, ЭСТЯ 1, 66, Stachowski 257. The meaning 'to lull' may belong to the homonymic *(i)abu- 'to bend, swing', on which see under *i̯ằp[ò] .Proto-Turkic: *(i)abɨ-
Meaning: 1 to bend, fall 2 to roll, sway, swing
Russian meaning: 1 сгибаться, сваливаться, опрокидываться 2 валяться, переворачиваться с боку на бок
Tatar: avu- 1
Oyrat: abɨ- 2
Tuva: ā-t-tɨn- 2
Kirghiz: ō- 1, 2, ō-n- 3
Kazakh: awu- 1, awɨn- 2
Noghai: avɨ- 1, avna- 2
Bashkir: aw- 1, awn- 2
Balkar: aw- 1, awan- 2
Karaim: avd- 2
Kumyk: avun- 2
Comments: The root should be distinguished from *(i)abɨ- `to enjoy oneself, be happy' q. v. Proto-Turkic: *(i)ag
Meaning: 1 space between the legs 2 wedge between trouser legs
Russian meaning: 1 промежуток между ногами 2 клин между штанинами
Old Turkic: aɣ (OUygh.) 1
Uzbek: ɔɣ 2
Uighur: aɣ 2
Azerbaidzhan: aɣ (dial.) 2
Kazakh: aw 2
Noghai: aw 2
Gagauz: ā 2
Karaim: aw 1
Proto-Turkic: *iagɨr
Meaning: heavy
Russian meaning: тяжелый
Old Turkic: aɣɨr (Orkh., OUygh.)
Karakhanid: aɣɨr (MK , KB ) Turkish: aɣɨr
Tatar: awɨr
Uzbek: ɔɣir
Uighur: eɣir
Azerbaidzhan: aɣɨr
Turkmen: aGɨr
Khakassian: ār
Halaj: aɣị̄r
Chuvash: jɨvъr
Yakut: ɨar
Dolgan: ɨara-kan
Tuva: ār
Tofalar: ā̃r
Kirghiz: ōr
Kazakh: awɨr
Bashkir: awɨr
Balkar: awur
Karakalpak: awɨr
Salar: aɣɨr
Proto-Turkic: *iak-
Meaning: to flow
Russian meaning: течь
Old Turkic: aq- (OUygh.)
Turkish: ak-
Tatar: aq-
Uzbek: ɔq-
Uighur: aq-
Sary-Yughur: aq-
Azerbaidzhan: ax-
Turkmen: aq-
Khakassian: ax-
Oyrat: aq-
Chuvash: jox-
Tuva: aq-
Kirghiz: aq-
Kazakh: aq-
Noghai: aq-
Bashkir: aq-
Balkar: aq-
Gagauz: aq-
Karaim: aq-
Karakalpak: aq-
Kumyk: aq-
Proto-Turkic: *(i)akuru-
Meaning: slowly, quietly, gradually
Russian meaning: медленно, постепенно
Old Turkic: aquru (OUygh.)
Karakhanid: aqru, aqrun (MK ), aqru (KB ) Turkish: arqun (Osmanli)
Tatar: ɛkren, ɛkerten; ɛkert (dial.)
Khakassian: āɣɨrin, aɣrɨn, aɣɨrtɨn
Shor: aɣɨrɨn
Oyrat: aqqɨrɨn, aqqɨr-aqqɨr
Yakut: arɣɨ̄j, orɣūj
Kirghiz: aqɨrin
Kazakh: aqɨrɨn
Bashkir: aqrɨn
Balkar: aqɨrɨn, aqrɨn, aqɨrtɨn
Karaim: arqɨtɨn
Karakalpak: aqɨrɨn
Comments: VEWT 14, ЭСТЯ 1, 123-124, EDT 89-90. The forms with -ɨn and -tɨn are old forms of Instr. and Abl. cases, so the PT word is a noun. Yak. reflects the -u of the second syllable.Proto-Turkic: *(i)ăĺ-
Meaning: 1 seed, cereals, crops; 2 graft, 3 vaccine, 4 pus (primarily - as a material for vaccinacion?) 5 tanning matter, 6 starch
Russian meaning: 1 семя, злаки, зерновые 2 привой 3 вакцина 4 гной (первоначально - как прививка?) 5 дубильное вещество 6 крахмал
Karakhanid: aš-lɨq 1 (ašlɨq tarɨɣ önar 'crops spring') (MK ; IM ) Turkish: ašɨ 2, 3
Tatar: aš-lɨq 1, aš 1, 4 dial. (Sib., КСТТ 107), aš-la- 'to starch' Uzbek: ɔš 5, ɔš-liq 1
Uighur: aš-lɨq 1, aš-la- 'to tan'
Azerbaidzhan: aš, ašɨ 3, 5
Turkmen: aš-Gar 5
Khakassian: as 1, as-ta-n- 'to beware of a disease' ('to vaccinate oneself'?)
Shor: aš 1
Oyrat: aš 1
Yakut: as 4, as, ahɨlɨk 'fruit of some wild plants, berry'
Dolgan: ahɨlɨk 'berry'
Kirghiz: aš 'fruit of some wild plants, berry', aštɨq 1, aša- 'to tan'
Kazakh: astɨq 1
Noghai: as 'a grain, a seed', aslɨq 1
Bashkir: ašlɨq 1, ašla- 'to graft', dial. aš 'pus' (Бhh III 26) Balkar: aš-lɨq 1, aš-ügü 'one of cereal cultures'
Gagauz: haš-la- 'to plant out seedlings; to graft; to vaccinate'
Karaim: aš-lɨq 1, aš-la- 'to graft'
Salar: aš-lɨq 1 (ССЯ 296) Kumyk: aš 1 (Cатыб. 73), aš-la- 'to pollinate; to tan'
Comments: VEWT 30, ЭСТЯ 1, 211-212, 216, Stachowski 29. A lot of etymological confusion here. Forms meaning 'to tan, tanning matter; starch' may be either borrowed from Persian or, rather, derived from *(i)aĺ 'meal' (v. sub *i̯oĺe ), see Лексика 378. The latter root, due to its phonetic similarity (or even identity) has in general influenced the present one: 'cereals' are influenced by 'porridge' and *(i)aĺ-la- 'to graft, to pollinate' by *(i)aĺ-la- 'to fertilize' ( = 'to feed'). It seems nevertheless impossible to unite them completely.Proto-Turkic: *(i)aĺ(č)uk
Meaning: 1 ankle joint, knucklebone 2 die
Russian meaning: 1 лодыжка, бабка 2 альчик
Turkish: ašuq 2 (Osmanli), ašɨk 1, 2
Tatar: ašɨq 2
Middle Turkic: ašuq 1, 'bone of the elbow' (Abush. ) Uzbek: ɔšiq 2
Uighur: ošuq 1, 2
Azerbaidzhan: ašɨG 2
Turkmen: ašɨq 2
Oyrat: ažɨq 2
Halaj: ušaq 2
Kirghiz: ašɨq 2
Kazakh: asɨq 1, 2
Noghai: asɨq 1, 2
Bashkir: ašɨq 2
Balkar: ašɨq 1, 2
Karaim: ašɨq 2
Karakalpak: asɨq 2
Kumyk: ašɨq 2
Proto-Turkic: *(i)aĺ, *(i)aĺ-a-
Meaning: 1 meal, food 2 to eat 3 porridge 4 to feed
Russian meaning: 1 еда, пища 2 есть 3 каша 4 кормить
Old Turkic: aš 1, aša- 2 (OUygh.)
Karakhanid: aš 1, aša- 2 (KB )Turkish: aš 1
Tatar: aša- 2
Uighur: aš 1
Azerbaidzhan: aš 3
Turkmen: aš 1
Khakassian: as 1
Halaj: āš, ɔ̄š 1
Yakut: as 1
Dolgan: as 1, as- 2
Tuva: a'š 1, ažā- 4
Tofalar: aša- 4
Kirghiz: aš 1
Noghai: aša- 2
Bashkir: aša- 2
Balkar: aša- 2
Karaim: aša- 2
Proto-Turkic: *(i)am
Meaning: vulva
Russian meaning: vulva
Karakhanid: am (MK - Oghuz, Kypch.)Turkish: am
Middle Turkic: (MKypch.) am (CCum ., AH , At-Tuhf.) Turkmen: am
Halaj: hā̊m
Yakut: abas 'vulva'; amanax 'fat in the groins of cows, horses'
Comments: VEWT 18, EDT 155, R 1 643.turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-alt,turcet-jak,turcet-tuv,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-sjg,turcet-trm,turcet-chv,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-klpx,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,turcet-tuv,turcet-krg,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-chg,turcet-trm,turcet-alt,turcet-chv,turcet-krg,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-trk,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-krg,turcet-nogx,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-khal,turcet-jak,turcet-dolg,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-azb,turcet-hak,turcet-alt,turcet-jak,turcet-dolg,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-sjg,turcet-trm,turcet-alt,turcet-tuv,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,turcet-dolg,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-jak,turcet-dolg,turcet-tuv,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-azb,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-khal,turcet-jak,turcet-dolg,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-reference,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-tat,turcet-alt,turcet-tuv,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-krmx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-azb,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-khal,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,turcet-dolg,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-klpx,turcet-sal,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-alt,turcet-chv,turcet-tuv,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-jak,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-jak,turcet-dolg,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-alt,turcet-khal,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uig,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-khal,turcet-jak,turcet-dolg,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-krmx,turcet-reference,turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-trm,turcet-alt,turcet-khal,turcet-jak,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-reference,
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