Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *jās

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 loss, damage 2 shame

Russian meaning: 1 потеря, вред 2 стыд

Old Turkic: jas 1 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jas 1 (MK)

Chuvash: *śos ( > Mari sös "Gedächtnisfeier", Hung. gyász, see Gombocz 1912)

Yakut: sāt 2, sās-tāx (folkl.) 'enemy'

Dolgan: hātɨnnar- 'to shame smb.'

Comments: VEWT 191, ЭСТЯ 4, 150, EDT 973 (in modern languages hard to distinguish from the borrowed Arab. ya's 'despair, grief' - but in Old Turkic no doubt genuine), Stachowski 100.

Proto-Turkic: *jāt

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: foreign(er)

Russian meaning: чужой, иностранный

Old Turkic: jat (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jat (MK)

Turkish: jat (dial.)

Tatar: jat

Middle Turkic: jat (Pav. C., AH, Ettuhf.)

Uzbek: jɔt

Uighur: jat

Azerbaidzhan: jad

Turkmen: jāt

Khakassian: čat

Oyrat: jat, d́at

Kirghiz: ǯat

Kazakh: žat

Noghai: jat

Bashkir: jat

Karaim: jat

Karakalpak: žat

Kumyk: jat

Comments: EDT 882, VEWT 192, ЭСТЯ 4, 158-159, Лексика 564. Turk. > WMong. ǯad, Kalm. zad (KW 462, Щербак 1997, 123).

Proto-Turkic: *jẹbe-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 cemetery, grave 2 soul of the deceased 3 ghost 4 funeral

Russian meaning: 1 кладбище, могила 2 душа умершего 3 дух, привидение 4 похороны

Sary-Yughur: ever 2

Khakassian: nebeg 1, ibǝrǝg 4

Chuvash: śъʷva 1

Yakut: sibien 3

Tuva: čeveg 1

Comments: VEWT 197.

Proto-Turkic: *jẹbi-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to become wet, soak

Russian meaning: мокнуть

Karakhanid: jebe 'dampness' (MK)

Tatar: ǯebe-

Uzbek: ivi-

Uighur: ivi-

Shor: čibi-

Oyrat: d́ibi-

Chuvash: śǝʷve 'whey'

Yakut: sibīn- 'fresh'

Kirghiz: ǯibi-

Kazakh: žibi-

Noghai: jibi-

Bashkir: jebe-

Karaim: jibi-, ibi-

Karakalpak: žibi-

Kumyk: jibi-

Comments: EDT 872, VEWT 202, ЭСТЯ 4, 196-197. Except Uzb., Uygh., Chuv. and possibly Yak. all languages actually reflect *jẹp- (*jip-); the Inlaut stop may be a result of secondary gemination, or reflect a merger with some other root. Original voiced *-b- ( > -v-), however, is well preserved in the derivative *jẹbiĺ(č) 'wet' (Karaim jüvüš, Tat. jüwiš, Bashk. jĭvĭš). Turk. > Kalm. ǯī- 'durchnäßt werden' (KW 114; although phonology is somewhat strange: one would rather expect Kalm. ǯiw-).

Proto-Turkic: *jEče

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: as before, previously

Russian meaning: как и раньше, прежде

Old Turkic: ječe (Orkh.)

Comments: EDT 882.

Proto-Turkic: *jẹg-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 better 2 upper part, surface

Russian meaning: 1 лучше, лучший 2 верх, поверхность

Old Turkic: jeg 1 (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jeg 1 (MK)

Turkish: jeɣ, jej 1

Middle Turkic: jik 1 (AH)

Azerbaidzhan: jeg (dial.) 1

Turkmen: jeg 1

Chuvash: śi, śije 2

Comments: EDT 909-910, VEWT 194, ЭСТЯ 4, 165-166, TMN 4, 184-185, Федотов 2, 115-116.

Proto-Turkic: *jEgin

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: nephew

Russian meaning: племянник

Old Turkic: jegen, jegin (OUygh.)

Turkish: jēn, jegen, jejen

Tatar: ǯijɛn

Middle Turkic: jeken, jegen (R.)

Uzbek: ǯijän

Sary-Yughur: jegen

Turkmen: jegen

Khakassian: čēn

Shor: čēn

Oyrat: jēn, d́ēn

Yakut: sien

Tuva: čēn

Kirghiz: ǯēn

Kazakh: žijen

Noghai: jijen

Bashkir: jejän

Karakalpak: žijen

Comments: EDT 912-913, VEWT 194, ЭСТЯ 4, 166-167, Лексика 293.

Proto-Turkic: *jEgit / *jigit

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: young man, brave man

Russian meaning: юноша, храбрец

Old Turkic: jigit (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jigit (MK)

Turkish: jijit

Tatar: jeget

Middle Turkic: jigit (AH, Ettuhf.)

Uzbek: jigit

Uighur: jigit

Sary-Yughur: jigit, jigɨt, jɨgɨt

Azerbaidzhan: igit

Turkmen: jigit

Khakassian: čīt

Shor: čiŋet

Oyrat: d́īt

Tofalar: ńīt

Kirghiz: ǯigit

Kazakh: žigit

Noghai: jigit

Bashkir: jeget

Balkar: ǯigit, zigit

Gagauz: īt

Karaim: igit

Karakalpak: žigit

Salar: jihit, iχit

Kumyk: jigit, igit

Comments: EDT 911, VEWT 203, TMN 4, 185, ЭСТЯ 4, 198-199, Лексика 301. Turk. > WMong. jigede, Kalm. jēdǝ (KW 218).

Proto-Turkic: *[j]eglek

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: stork

Russian meaning: аист

Turkish: leglek

Azerbaidzhan: läjläk

Comments: VEWT 316 (hardly from Arab.)

Proto-Turkic: *jegn

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: sleeve

Russian meaning: рукав

Karakhanid: jeŋ (MK, KB)

Turkish: jen

Tatar: ǯin

Middle Turkic: jeŋ (Ettuhf., Бор. Бад.)

Uzbek: jeŋ

Uighur: jäŋ

Sary-Yughur: jiŋ, ǯin

Azerbaidzhan: jeng (dial.)

Turkmen: jeŋ

Khakassian: nǝŋ

Shor: neŋ, nǟš

Oyrat: jäŋ, d́eŋ

Chuvash: śavnъ

Yakut: siex

Dolgan: hiek, hien

Tuva: čeŋ

Kirghiz: ǯeŋ

Kazakh: žeŋ

Noghai: jeŋ

Bashkir: jeŋ

Balkar: ǯeŋ, zeŋ

Gagauz: jen

Karaim: jeng, jeŋg, jiŋ

Karakalpak: žeŋ

Kumyk: jeŋ, jeŋg

Comments: VEWT 197, TMN 4, 203, EDT 940, ЭСТЯ 4, 186, Федотов 2, 84, Stachowski 103.

Proto-Turkic: *jẹgre-n

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 yellow (of a horse) 2 deer, antelope

Russian meaning: 1 рыжий (о масти лошади) 2 олень, джейран, антилопа

Old Turkic: jegren 1 (Orkh.)

Turkish: ǯeran, ǯeren (DS) 1, 2

Tatar: ǯiren 1, jɛrdɛ (Tar.) 1

Middle Turkic: ǯejren (Буд.) 1, ǯeren 2 (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: ǯijrɔn 1

Uighur: ǯirǝn 1, dial. ǯeren, ǯǝrrǝn, ǯegren 2

Sary-Yughur: ǯiger, jiger, ǯiɣɨr, jiɣɨr 2

Turkmen: jegren, jergen 1, dial. ǯeren 1, 2

Khakassian: čigren, dial. čigǝr 1

Shor: čeren, čegren, čergen (R) 1

Oyrat: jeren, jēren, d́ēren 1, 2

Chuvash: śüren 1

Yakut: sier 1

Tuva: čēren 2

Kirghiz: ǯejren 1, 2, ǯērde 1

Kazakh: žijren 1

Noghai: jijren 1

Bashkir: jeren 1

Karakalpak: žijren 1

Comments: ЭСТЯ 4, 22-24, 36. Turk. > Mong. ǯeɣir-, ǯeɣerde (TMN 1, 289, 4, 184) > Sol. ǯegerẽ 'antelope', Man. ǯerde (see Doerfer MT 136) > MKor. čjǝrta (măr) (see Lee 1958, 119). Pers. ǯejran ( < Turk. or Mong.) is widely borrowed back into Turkic (Tur., Az. ǯejran etc.).

Proto-Turkic: *jek

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 demon, evil spirit 2 bad, evil 3 to hate, despise 4 to scold

Russian meaning: 1 демон, злой дух 2 плохой, отвратительный 3 ненавидеть, презирать 4 бранить

Old Turkic: jek 1 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jek 1 (MK)

Tatar: ǯik 2, ǯiker- 4

Middle Turkic: jek 1 (AH), 2 (Pav. C.), jigir- 3 (R.)

Uzbek: ǯekir- 4

Uighur: jäklä- 3, ǯekir- 4

Turkmen: jekir- 3, jek (dial.) 2

Shor: ček 1

Oyrat: jek, d́ek 1, 2, jikir- 3

Kirghiz: ǯek 2, ǯekte- 3, ǯekir- 4

Kazakh: žek 2, žekir- 4

Noghai: jekir- 3

Bashkir: jek 2, jeker- 3

Karaim: jek 1, 2

Karakalpak: žek 2, žekir- 4

Kumyk: jekir- 3

Comments: EDT 910, VEWT 194, ЭСТЯ 4, 170-171, 173-174. Loan from Prakr. yakkha (through some unattested Sogdian intermediary) cannot be excluded, but also cannot be ascertained. Turk. > MMong. (MA) ǯikir- 'hate, abhor'.

Proto-Turkic: *jEk-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to harness

Russian meaning: запрягать

Tatar: ǯik-

Oyrat: jek-, d́ek-

Kirghiz: ǯek-

Kazakh: žek-

Noghai: jek-

Bashkir: jek-

Balkar: žek-

Karaim: jek-, jik-

Karakalpak: žek-

Kumyk: jek-

Comments: VEWT 195, ЭСТЯ 4, 172.

Proto-Turkic: *jEken

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: a k. of grass, reed

Russian meaning: вид травы, тростника

Old Turkic: jigen (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jigen (MK)

Tatar: jegɛn (dial.), ǯikɛn

Middle Turkic: jekän (R.), jigän (AH)

Uzbek: jäkän

Uighur: jekän

Turkmen: jeken

Oyrat: jeken, jekken, d́ēken

Kirghiz: ǯeken

Kazakh: žeken

Noghai: jeken

Bashkir: jekän

Balkar: zegen

Karakalpak: žiken

Comments: EDT 913, VEWT 195, ЭСТЯ 4, 172-173. Turk. > Mong. ǯeken, ǯege-sün (KW 472, Щербак 1997, 123); Hung. gyékény (MNyTESz 1, 1125).

Proto-Turkic: *jẹl

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: wind

Russian meaning: ветер

Old Turkic: jel (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jẹl (MK, KB)

Turkish: jel

Tatar: ǯil

Middle Turkic: jẹl (MA)

Uzbek: jel

Uighur: jäl

Sary-Yughur: jel

Azerbaidzhan: jel

Turkmen: jel

Khakassian: čil

Shor: čel

Oyrat: jel, d́el

Halaj: jel

Chuvash: śil

Yakut: sillie 'storm, whirlwind'

Kirghiz: ǯel

Kazakh: žel

Bashkir: jel

Balkar: žel

Karaim: jel

Karakalpak: žel

Salar: jel

Kumyk: jel

Comments: VEWT 195, EDT 916-917, ЭСТЯ 4, 174-175, Лексика 40. Bulg.> Hung. szél 'wind', see Gombocz 1912, MNyTESz 3, 705-706.

Proto-Turkic: *jEl(b)-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: a k. of short coat

Russian meaning: вид короткой куртки

Turkish: jelek

Tatar: ǯilɛn, ǯilbɛgɛj

Middle Turkic: jeläk (Pav. C., Бор. Бад.)

Uzbek: ǯeläk

Azerbaidzhan: jeläk, jelän (dial.)

Turkmen: jelek (dial.), jelbegej

Kirghiz: ǯelek, ǯelbegej, dial. ǯelegej

Kazakh: želek, želeŋ, želbegej, želegej

Noghai: jeleŋ

Bashkir: jelän, jelbägäj

Karaim: jelek

Karakalpak: želek, želeŋ, želbegej

Kumyk: jelbegej

Comments: VEWT 196, ЭСТЯ 4, 177, 178.

Proto-Turkic: *jelbe

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: a k. of small bird

Russian meaning: вид маленькой птички

Turkish: jelve

Middle Turkic: jälvä (AH)

Khakassian: jelbegej 'a k. of bird' (Верб.)

Oyrat: d́eleči 'titmouse'

Comments: VEWT 196, TMN 4, 192.

Proto-Turkic: *jẹlbi

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: sorcery, witchcraft

Russian meaning: волшебство, колдовство

Old Turkic: jelbi (Orkh.), jelvi (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jelvi (MK)

Khakassian: čǝlbǝgen 'monster'

Shor: čilbi

Oyrat: jilbi, d́ilbi 'sorcery', jälbägän 'monster'

Yakut: ilbi 'demoniac, possessed' (borrowed from a j-language?)

Tuva: čilbi

Comments: EDT 919-920, ЭСТЯ 4, 202-203, VEWT 196 ( > Mong. ǯilbi).

Proto-Turkic: *jẹli-m

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: glue

Russian meaning: клей

Old Turkic: jelim (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jelim (MK)

Turkish: jilim

Tatar: ǯilem

Middle Turkic: jelim (Ettuhf.), jilim (AH)

Uzbek: jelim

Uighur: jelim

Sary-Yughur: jilɨm

Turkmen: jelim

Shor: čelim

Oyrat: jelim, d́elim

Chuvash: śilǝm

Yakut: silim

Dolgan: hilim

Kirghiz: ǯelim

Kazakh: želim

Noghai: jelim

Bashkir: jelem

Balkar: jelim, ǯelim, želim

Karakalpak: želim

Comments: EDT 928-929, VEWT 196, ЭСТЯ 4, 179-180, TMN 4, 189, Stachowski 103.

Proto-Turkic: *jẹlin

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: udder

Russian meaning: вымя

Karakhanid: jelin (MK)

Turkish: jelin

Tatar: ǯilen

Middle Turkic: jelin (R., Буд.), jilin (AH)

Uighur: jelin, jilim, žilim

Azerbaidzhan: jelin

Turkmen: jelin

Oyrat: jelin, d́eli

Chuvash: śilǝ

Yakut: silin

Kirghiz: ǯelin

Kazakh: želin

Noghai: jelin

Bashkir: jelen

Balkar: jelin, ǯelin, želin

Gagauz: jelin

Karakalpak: želin

Kumyk: jelin

Comments: EDT 930, ЭСТЯ 4, 180-181, Лексика 148.