Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *jīr- / *jɨ̄r-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to split lengthwise 2 to break, tear

Russian meaning: 1 расщеплять вдоль 2 ломать, разрывать

Karakhanid: je/ir- 1 (MK)

Turkish: jir- 2 (dial.)

Tatar: jɨr- 2

Middle Turkic: (MKypch.) jir- 1 (AH)

Uzbek: jir- 1

Uighur: jir-, ǯir- 1

Turkmen: jir- 1, 2

Khakassian: čǝr- 1

Yakut: sīr- 2

Tuva: čir- 1

Kirghiz: ǯɨr- 2

Kazakh: žɨr- 2

Noghai: jɨr- 2

Bashkir: jɨr- 2

Gagauz: jir- 2

Karakalpak: žɨr- 2

Kumyk: jɨr- 'to dig through'

Comments: VEWT 198, EDT 955, ЭСТЯ 4, 203-204.

Proto-Turkic: *jɨd

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: smell

Russian meaning: запах

Old Turkic: jɨd (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jɨδ (MK)

Turkish: ij

Azerbaidzhan: ij

Khakassian: jɨs

Yakut: sɨt

Dolgan: hɨt

Tuva: čɨt

Karaim: ij

Comments: EDT 883, ЭСТЯ 1, 380-382 (confused with *ɨjs), Stachowski 120.

Proto-Turkic: *jɨdruk / *judruk

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: fist

Russian meaning: кулак

Old Turkic: jɨdruq (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: juδruq (MK)

Tatar: jodrɨq

Sary-Yughur: uzruq

Turkmen: judruq (dial.)

Khakassian: nuzurux

Shor: nuzruq

Oyrat: d́udruq

Yakut: suturuq

Tuva: čuduruq

Kirghiz: ǯuduruq

Kazakh: žudɨrɨq

Bashkir: joδroq

Karaim: juduruq, judurux

Karakalpak: žudɨrɨq

Comments: EDT 892, Дыбо 182-183, ЭСТЯ 4, 248-249, Лексика 253. Turk. > Kalm. ǯudr-xǝ 'mit der Faust die Haut abziehen, die Haut und das Fleisch zwängen und so abhäuten' (KW 115). Many modern languages reflect (such as Turkm. jumruq etc.) reflect secondary forms *jumruk or *jumduruk - an obvious result of contamination with *jum- 'round'.

Proto-Turkic: *jɨg-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to collect

Russian meaning: собирать

Old Turkic: jɨɣ- (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jɨɣ- (MK)

Turkish: jɨɣ-

Tatar: ǯɨj-

Middle Turkic: jɨɣ- (Pav. C., MA, AH)

Uzbek: jiɣ-

Uighur: jiɣ-

Sary-Yughur: jɨɣ-, jiɣ-, jiq-

Azerbaidzhan: jɨɣ-

Turkmen: jɨɣ-

Khakassian: čɨɣ-

Shor: čɨɣ-

Oyrat: jū-, d́u-

Tuva: čɨɣ-

Kirghiz: ǯɨj-

Kazakh: žɨj-

Noghai: jɨj-

Bashkir: jɨj-

Balkar: žɨj-

Gagauz: jɨv-

Karaim: ǯɨj-

Karakalpak: žɨj-

Salar: jiɣ-

Kumyk: ǯɨj-

Comments: EDT 897, VEWT 200, ЭСТЯ 4, 271-272, 272-273, TMN 4, 183.

Proto-Turkic: *jɨg-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to prevent, obstruct, restrain

Russian meaning: препятствовать, сдерживать

Karakhanid: jɨɣ- (KB, AT, Tefs)

Middle Turkic: jɨɣ- (Abush.)

Uighur: jiɣ-

Comments: VEWT 200, EDT 897.

Proto-Turkic: *jɨk-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to crush, grind; overthrow

Russian meaning: разрушать, размалывать; свалить

Old Turkic: jɨq- (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jɨq- (MK)

Turkish: jɨk-

Tatar: jɨq-

Middle Turkic: jɨq- (MA, Ettuhf.)

Uzbek: jiq-

Uighur: jiq-

Azerbaidzhan: jɨx-

Turkmen: jɨq-

Khakassian: juq-

Oyrat: jɨq-, d́ɨq-

Halaj: juq-

Chuvash: śъx- (dial.)

Kirghiz: ǯɨq-

Kazakh: žɨq-

Noghai: jɨq-

Bashkir: jɨq-

Gagauz: jɨq-

Karaim: jɨq-, jɨx-

Karakalpak: žɨq-

Kumyk: jɨq-, jix-

Comments: VEWT 200, EDT 897, ЭСТЯ 4, 273-274.

Proto-Turkic: *jɨl

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: year

Russian meaning: год

Old Turkic: jɨl (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jɨl (MK)

Turkish: jɨl

Tatar: jɨl

Middle Turkic: jɨl (MA), il (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: jil

Uighur: jil

Sary-Yughur: jil

Azerbaidzhan: il

Turkmen: jɨl

Khakassian: čil

Shor: čɨl

Oyrat: d́ɨl

Yakut: sɨl

Dolgan: hɨl

Tuva: čɨl

Tofalar: čɨl

Kirghiz: ǯɨl

Kazakh: žɨl

Noghai: jɨl

Bashkir: jɨl

Balkar: žɨl

Gagauz: jɨl

Karaim: jɨl

Karakalpak: žɨl

Salar: jel

Kumyk: jɨl

Comments: VEWT 200, EDT 917, ЭСТЯ 4, 275, Лексика 70-71, Stachowski 118.

Proto-Turkic: *jɨĺ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to rub, polish

Russian meaning: тереть, полировать

Tatar: jɨš- (Sib.)

Khakassian: čɨs-

Oyrat: jɨš-

Comments: VEWT 202, ЭСТЯ 1, 667.

Proto-Turkic: *jɨĺ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 mountain forest, thicket 2 spine

Russian meaning: 1 горный лес, чаща 2 хребет

Old Turkic: jɨš 1 (Orkh.)

Karakhanid: jɨš 'high ground' (MK)

Tatar: jɨš 1

Khakassian: čɨs 1

Oyrat: d́ɨš 1

Yakut: sis 1, 2

Dolgan: his 1, 2

Kirghiz: ǯɨš 1

Bashkir: jɨš 1

Karakalpak: žɨs 1

Comments: EDT 976, VEWT 202, ЭСТЯ 4, 44, Лексика 94-95, Stachowski 105.

Proto-Turkic: *jɨldɨŕ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: root

Russian meaning: корень

Old Turkic: jɨltɨz (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jɨldɨz (MK)

Middle Turkic: iltɨz (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: ildiz

Uighur: iltiz

Sary-Yughur: jɨldɨs

Khakassian: čilege (?)

Yakut: silis

Comments: VEWT 201, EDT 922, ЭСТЯ 1, 350, Лексика 109.

Proto-Turkic: *jɨlgun

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: tamarisk

Russian meaning: тамариск

Karakhanid: jɨlɣun (MK)

Turkish: ɨlɣɨn

Middle Turkic: jɨlɣɨn (Houts.), julɣun (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: julɣun

Uighur: žulɣun

Sary-Yughur: julɣum, jolɣam

Azerbaidzhan: julɣun

Turkmen: jɨlɣun, jɨlɣɨn

Kirghiz: ǯɨlɣɨn, ǯɨlɣam

Kazakh: žɨŋɣɨl

Karakalpak: žɨŋɣɨl

Comments: VEWT 165, 200, EDT 926, ЭСТЯ 4, 277-278, Лексика 134. Kaz. > Russ. dial. džengil', see Аникин 183-184.

Proto-Turkic: *jɨlɨ-g

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: warm

Russian meaning: теплый

Old Turkic: jɨlɨɣ (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jɨlɨɣ, ɨlɨɣ (MK)

Turkish: ɨlɨk

Tatar: ǯɨlɨ

Middle Turkic: ɨlɨq, jɨlɨq (Abush., Бор. Бад.)

Uzbek: iliq

Uighur: ilman

Sary-Yughur: ilɨɣ

Azerbaidzhan: ilɨG 'warmish'

Turkmen: jɨlɨ

Khakassian: čɨlɨɣ

Shor: čɨlɨ- (v.)

Oyrat: d́ɨlu

Yakut: sɨlās

Dolgan: hɨlās

Tuva: čɨlɨɣ

Tofalar: čɨlɨɣ

Kirghiz: ǯɨluu

Kazakh: žɨlɨ

Noghai: jɨlɨ

Bashkir: jɨlɨ

Balkar: žɨlɨ

Gagauz: ɨlɨ

Karaim: jɨlɨ

Karakalpak: žɨllɨ

Salar: jili

Kumyk: jɨlɨ

Comments: Derived from *jɨlɨ- 'to be warm'. See VEWT 200, EDT 919, 925, ЭСТЯ 4, 275-276, Лексика 21, Stachowski 118.

Proto-Turkic: *jɨlɨm

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: net

Russian meaning: сеть

Tatar: ǯɨlɨm

Middle Turkic: ilim (CCum.)

Uzbek: jɨlɨm (dial.)

Turkmen: jɨlɨm

Chuvash: śilǝm

Yakut: ilim

Dolgan: ilim

Kirghiz: ǯɨlɨm

Kazakh: žɨlɨm

Noghai: jɨlɨm

Bashkir: jɨlɨm

Karakalpak: žɨlɨm

Kumyk: jɨlɨm

Comments: VEWT 200, ЭСТЯ 4, 282-283, Stachowski 125. Turk. > Hung. gyalom, see Gombocz 1912.

Proto-Turkic: *j[ɨ]l-ɨnčga

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: tasteless food

Russian meaning: пресная пища

Karakhanid: jɨlɨnčɣa (MK)

Comments: EDT 931.

Proto-Turkic: *jɨlkɨ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: age; aged (grown-up) animal

Russian meaning: возраст; взрослое животное

Old Turkic: jɨlqɨ (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jɨlqɨ (MK)

Tatar: jɨlqɨ

Middle Turkic: jɨlqɨ (AH, Ettuhf.), ɨlqɨ (Бор. Бад., Abush.)

Uzbek: jilqi

Uighur: ǯi(l)qa, žilqi

Azerbaidzhan: ilxɨ, ɨlxɨ (dial.)

Turkmen: jɨlqɨ

Khakassian: čɨlɣɨ

Shor: čɨlɣɨ

Oyrat: d́ɨlqɨ

Yakut: sɨlɣɨ

Tuva: čɨlɣɨ

Kirghiz: ǯɨlqɨ

Kazakh: žɨlqɨ

Noghai: jɨlqɨ

Bashkir: jɨlqɨ

Balkar: ǯɨlqɨ, zɨlqɨ

Karaim: jɨlqɨ

Karakalpak: žɨlqɨ

Kumyk: jɨlqɨ, jilqɨ

Comments: EDT 925-926, ЭСТЯ 4, 281-282, Лексика 444.

Proto-Turkic: *jɨmga

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: wild mountain she-goat

Russian meaning: дикая горная коза

Old Turkic: ɨmɣa (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: ɨmɣa, jɨmɣa (KB), ɨmɣa (IM)

Turkish: Old Osm. ime, ɨma 'goat', dial. 'deer with straight horns'

Middle Turkic: ɨmɣa (Sangl.)

Turkmen: umGa

Oyrat: d́umɣa

Tuva: čuŋma

Comments: VEWT 165, EDT 158, Лексика 154-155. Yak. ɨmaga (because of medial -g-) is most probably < Evk.

Proto-Turkic: *jɨm-ĺča-k

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: soft, mild

Russian meaning: мягкий

Old Turkic: jɨmšaq (Orkh.), jumšaq (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jumšaq (MK)

Turkish: jumšak

Tatar: jomšaq

Middle Turkic: jumšaq (AH, Ettuhf., Бор. Бад.)

Uzbek: jumšɔq

Uighur: jumšaq

Sary-Yughur: jumsaq

Azerbaidzhan: jumšaG

Turkmen: jumšaq

Khakassian: čɨmǯax, nɨmzax

Shor: čɨmža-

Oyrat: jɨmžaq, d́ɨmžaq

Chuvash: śemźe

Yakut: sɨmna-ɣas

Dolgan: hɨmna-gas

Tuva: čɨmčaq

Tofalar: čɨmǯa- 'to become soft'

Kirghiz: ǯumšaq

Kazakh: žumsaq

Bashkir: jomšaq

Balkar: ǯumšaq, žumušaq

Gagauz: jɨmɨšaq

Karaim: jɨmšaq, jɨmšax

Kumyk: jɨmɨšaq

Comments: EDT 938, VEWT 201, ЭСТЯ 4, 252-253, Stachowski 118. The deriving stem *jɨm-ĺča- 'to be soft' is also present in most of the above languages.

Proto-Turkic: *jɨmurt

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: bird-cherry

Russian meaning: черемуха

Karakhanid: jumušɣa 'medlar' (MK)

Turkish: jumurt (dial.)

Uzbek: šumurt

Azerbaidzhan: ǯumurt 'крушина'

Khakassian: nɨmɨrt

Shor: nɨbɨrt

Oyrat: jɨmɨrt, d́ɨmɨrɨt

Chuvash: śǝʷmǝʷrt

Comments: EDT 881, VEWT 211, ЭСТЯ 4, 283, Егоров 211, Лексика 136. Not quite clear is the relation of OT jemšen 'a k. of wild fruit, berry' (EDT 939).

Proto-Turkic: *jɨŋak

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: side, direction

Russian meaning: сторона, направление

Old Turkic: jɨŋaq (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jɨŋaq (MK)

Comments: VEWT 201, EDT 949. As suggested by Clauson, merged with jaŋak in later Turkic.

Proto-Turkic: *jɨp / *jip

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: thread

Russian meaning: нитка

Old Turkic: jɨp (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jɨp (MK)

Turkish: ip

Tatar: ǯep

Middle Turkic: jip (AH, Ettuhf.), ip (Pav. C., AH)

Uighur: jip

Sary-Yughur: jip, jep

Azerbaidzhan: ip

Turkmen: jüp

Khakassian: čǝp

Shor: čip

Oyrat: jip, d́ip

Halaj: jip

Chuvash: śip

Yakut: sip 'hook on a fishing rod', sippe 'thread'

Kirghiz: ǯip

Kazakh: žip

Bashkir: jep

Balkar: ǯib, zip

Gagauz: jip

Karaim: jip

Karakalpak: žip

Salar: jip

Kumyk: jip

Comments: EDT 870, VEWT 204, ЭСТЯ 4, 268-269. Cf. also the derivative *jipek id. (ЭСТЯ 4, 269-270).