Peripheral Khoisan etymology : Query result

Number : 201

Proto-Bushman : *ckxa-

Meaning : smoke

Khoisan etymology : Khoisan etymology

Proto-Taa : *ckxâjV

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

Notes : An isolated !Xóõ form, but with very interesting parallels in CK.

Number : 202

Proto-Bushman : *dṵe^h

Meaning : smoke

Proto-Ju : *doˤe

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

ǂHoan : *ʒ́ṵe

Bushman > ǂHoan : Bushman > ǂHoan

Number : 203

Proto-Bushman : *!₁hũ

Meaning : to stand

Proto-Ju : *ɳ!ũ (ʼɳ!-)

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ǀǀhũ̂

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

Number : 204

Proto-Bushman : *!he- (?)

Meaning : to stand

Proto-!Wi : *!khe

Bushman > !Wi : Bushman > !Wi

Notes : An isolated ǀXam form with unclear phonology. Possibly related to *!hũ id. (ablaut?), but no conclusive evidence exists.

Number : 205

Proto-Bushman : *ɳǀǀa

Meaning : to be (somewhere)

Khoisan etymology : Khoisan etymology

Proto-Taa : *ɳǀǀa

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

Proto-!Wi : *ɳǀǀa

Bushman > !Wi : Bushman > !Wi

Notes : A SK isogloss (Bleek-only). Bleek also cites ɳǀǀa 'there; in' in ǀǀAuǀǀen and !O!Kung, but no traces of this form can be located in non-Bleek sources on North Khoisan, meaning that these forms could actually be Namaisms. The SK forms are too widespread and diverse in meaning to be considered borrowings, though.

Number : 206

Proto-Bushman : *ǀǀo[-ro] (?)

Meaning : to stand

Proto-!Wi : *ǀǀoro

Bushman > !Wi : Bushman > !Wi

Notes : An isolated Batwa form.

Number : 207

Proto-Bushman : *!ã

Meaning : to wait

Proto-Ju : *!ã

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *!ã̀

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

Proto-!Wi : *!ã

Bushman > !Wi : Bushman > !Wi

Notes : Cf. Nama !âu id.?

Number : 208

Proto-Bushman : *!ui (?)

Meaning : to stand

ǂHoan : *!ui

Bushman > ǂHoan : Bushman > ǂHoan

Notes : An isolated ǂHoan form.

Number : 209

Proto-Bushman : *ǀǀ₁U[n]-

Meaning : star

Khoisan etymology : Khoisan etymology

Proto-Ju : *ǂũ^h

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ǀǀōna

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

Proto-!Wi : *ǀǀqʔoV

Bushman > !Wi : Bushman > !Wi

ǂHoan : *ǂõ

Bushman > ǂHoan : Bushman > ǂHoan

Notes : Unclear vocalism.

Number : 210

Proto-Bushman : *!ha (?)

Meaning : star

Proto-!Wi : *!ha

Bushman > !Wi : Bushman > !Wi

Notes : An isolated ǀAuni form.

Number : 211

Proto-Bushman : *ʒe (?)

Meaning : stone

Proto-!Wi : *ʒe

Bushman > !Wi : Bushman > !Wi

Notes : An isolated Batwa form.

Number : 212

Proto-Bushman : *ǀǀho̰ (?)

Meaning : stone

Khoisan etymology : Khoisan etymology

Proto-!Wi : *ǀǀkxo

Bushman > !Wi : Bushman > !Wi

ǂHoan : *ǀǀho̰a

Bushman > ǂHoan : Bushman > ǂHoan

Notes : The ǀAuni form is dubious phonologically, so essentially this is just an isolated ǂHoan form. Cf. PCK *ɳǀǀóá "stone".

Number : 213

Proto-Bushman : *ǀam

Meaning : sun

Khoisan etymology : Khoisan etymology

Proto-Ju : *ǀam

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Notes : A good PNK root with reliable parallels in CK. Borrowing for such cases is possible, but not too likely.

Number : 214

Proto-Bushman : *ǀǀʔVn

Meaning : to shine, sunlight

Khoisan etymology : Khoisan etymology

Proto-Ju : *ǀǀʼã

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ǀǀʔân

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

Proto-!Wi : *ǀǀʔʌn

Bushman > !Wi : Bushman > !Wi

Number : 215

Proto-Bushman : *ǯxa (?)

Meaning : to swim

Proto-Ju : *ǯxa

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Notes : A NK isogloss.

Number : 216

Proto-Bushman : *ɳ!o̰-

Meaning : to flow, wade

Proto-Ju : *ɳ!õã

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ɳ!ò̰ni

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

Number : 217

Proto-Bushman : *ʘxu (?)

Meaning : to swim

Proto-!Wi : *ʘxu

Bushman > !Wi : Bushman > !Wi

Notes : An isolated ǀXam form with dubious phonetics.

Number : 218

Proto-Bushman : *!̯ʷxui (?)

Meaning : tail

Khoisan etymology : Khoisan etymology

Proto-Ju : *!̯xui

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-!Wi : *!hVi (*ǂ-)

Bushman > !Wi : Bushman > !Wi

ǂHoan : *ʘxui

Bushman > ǂHoan : Bushman > ǂHoan

Notes : The correspondence "PNK *!̯ - Proto-!Wi *! (?) - ǂHoan ʘ" is not quite clear, but the problem of labial clicks can still hardly be called solved, and since forms like Zhu !xúí, ǀXam !khwi, and ǂHoan ʘxui perfectly match each other in all but the click influx, the etymology will be considered valid for the time being.

Number : 219

Proto-Bushman : *ǀau (?)

Meaning : tail

Proto-Ju : *ǀau^h (?)

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ǀã̀ũ

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

Proto-!Wi : *ǀa

Bushman > !Wi : Bushman > !Wi

Notes : A Taa-ǀHaasi isogloss; the Zhu parallel is uncertain due to semantic reasons.

Number : 220

Proto-Bushman : *čV (?)

Meaning : deictic stem

Proto-Ju : *čV

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju