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Peripheral Khoisan etymology : Search within this database Total of 970 records 49 pages
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Back: 1 Forward: 1 20 \data\bush\bshet
Number : 41
Proto-Bushman : *ǀǀa
Meaning : to burn
Proto-Ju : *ǀǀa
Proto-Taa : *ǀǀāh
Proto-!Wi : *ǀǀa
Notes : The PNK root may alternatively go back to PPK *ǀǀqha "to warm oneself" q.v.
Number : 42
Proto-Bushman : *ʘʔV (?)
Meaning : to burn
Proto-Taa : *ʘʔá
Proto-!Wi : *ʘiʔi (?)
ǂHoan : *ʘui
Notes : A very unreliable isogloss between ǂHoan and SK, unless the (poorly transcribed) ǂHoan form goes back to *ʘʔui < *ʘʔɔa-i . The !Wi forms are weak both phonetically and semantically (although note the regular glottal stop efflux in ǂKhomani), but have no better etymology.
Number : 43
Proto-Bushman : *!̯1 quʔurV
Meaning : nail
Proto-Ju : *!̯uʔru
Proto-Taa : *ǀǀqû
Proto-!Wi : *ǀǀqurV
ǂHoan : *!o̰ʔo (?)
Number : 44
Proto-Bushman : *ɡ!1 aʔ- (?)
Meaning : fingernail; hoof
Proto-Taa : *ɡǀǀàʔm
ǂHoan : *ɡ!aʔu
Notes : Questionable semantics, but impeccable phonetics.
Number : 45
Proto-Bushman : *ǀ1 ʁu- ~ *ǀ1 χu-
Meaning : hair
Proto-Ju : *!xʼui
Proto-Taa : *ɡǀqhu
Proto-!Wi : *ǀhu
Number : 46
Proto-Bushman : *ɡ!U ~ *!U
Meaning : cloud
Proto-Ju : *!o
Proto-!Wi : *ɡ!u
Notes : Very dubious phonology since the root is only attested in D. Bleek's materials.
Number : 47
Proto-Bushman : *ɡǀǀɛ̃ (?)
Meaning : hail; cloud
Proto-Taa : *ɡǀǀã́
Proto-!Wi : *ǀǀxVN-
Notes : A dubious SK isogloss.
Number : 48
Proto-Bushman : *ǀǀ1 aʔu
Meaning : cold
Proto-Ju : *ǂaʔu
Proto-Taa : *ǀǀâʔu
Proto-!Wi : *ǀǀoV (?)
ǂHoan : *ǂa̰ (?)
Notes : The ǂHoan entry is comparable as far as the click efflux/influx is concerned, but vocalic correspondences are certainly irregular, unless the final *-ʔu happens to be a suffixal element (which still does not explain pharyngealization).
Number : 49
Proto-Bushman : *ci
Meaning : to come
Proto-Ju : *ci
Proto-Taa : *sV
Proto-!Wi : *sV
Notes : The correspondence PNK *c - PSK *s is quite regular. The vocalism is obscured by various class agreement modifications in SK, but both PNK and !Xóõ agree upon *-i- as the original variant.
Number : 50
Proto-Bushman : *ča
Meaning : to go
Proto-Ju : *ča
Proto-Taa : *sâ
ǂHoan : *ča
Number : 51
Proto-Bushman : *ƛe / *ƛa
Meaning : to die
Proto-Ju : *!̯e [pl. *!̯ao]
Proto-Taa : *ƛâ-
ǂHoan : *šĩ
Notes : A lone example of possible *ƛ- in Taa.
Number : 52
Proto-Bushman : *!̯ʷoʔa
Meaning : to die, kill
Proto-Ju : *!̯ʼõã
Proto-Taa : *ǀʔâ
Proto-!Wi : *ǀʔa
ǂHoan : *ʘoa
Notes : Unreliable (effluxes do not present a regular match).
Number : 53
Proto-Bushman : *ǂq_hɔ-
Meaning : dog
Proto-Ju : *ɡǂʰo-e ~ *ɡǂʰo-ĩ
Proto-Taa : *ǂqhà
Proto-!Wi : *ǂhɔ-in
Notes : Represented in both SK and NK only in conjunction with different (most often frozen) class markers: *ǂq_hɔ-i(ŋ ) , *ǂq_hɔ-e , *ǂq_hɔ-a .
Number : 54
Proto-Bushman : *te- (?)
Meaning : dog
ǂHoan : *ćema
Notes : Isolated ǂHoan form.
Number : 55
Proto-Bushman : *kxãh
Meaning : to drink
Proto-Ju : *čʰiN
Proto-Taa : *kxã̄h
Proto-!Wi : *kxã[Ṽ]-
ǂHoan : *ču (?)
Notes : One of several possible parallels between SK *kx- and NK affricates. The original character of the velar affricate is clearly indicated by external parallels. The ǂHoan form is actually dubious, mostly because of the strange vocalism.
Number : 56
Proto-Bushman : *!̯1 kxa̰u
Meaning : dry
Proto-Ju : *!̯xʼau
Proto-Taa : *ǀǀṵ́
Proto-!Wi : *ǀǀ[kx]o
Number : 57
Proto-Bushman : *ǀqʔo(o)
Meaning : dry
Proto-Ju : √ǀʼo
Proto-Taa : *ǀʔò
Proto-!Wi : *ǀo
ǂHoan : *ǀqʔau
Notes : Irregular *-ʔ- in PT; however, some forms may have been influenced by or borrowed from Khoekhoe.
Number : 58
Proto-Bushman : *ǀq_hoi
Meaning : ear
Proto-Ju : *ǀʼʰui
ǂHoan : *ǀqhoe
Number : 59
Proto-Bushman : *ɳǂuh
Meaning : ear
Proto-Taa : *ɳǂũ̀h
Proto-!Wi : *ɳǂu
Notes : A SK isogloss.
Number : 60
Proto-Bushman : *kxa (*ǂkxV-?)
Meaning : earth
Proto-Ju : *xʼa
Proto-Taa : *ǂkxûm (?)
ǂHoan : *kxa
Notes : An interesting example on the hypothesis that "regular" kx- in NK is actually a result of "declickification" (whereas "old" *kx- regularly gets palatalized) - unfortunately, so far the only one!
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Total of 970 records 49 pages
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