Peripheral Khoisan etymology : Query result

Number : 521

Proto-Bushman : *ɳǀǀa^h

Meaning : to say, tell

Khoisan etymology : Khoisan etymology

Proto-Ju : *ɳǀǀa

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ɳǀǀāe^h

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

ǂHoan : *ɳǀǀa

Bushman > ǂHoan : Bushman > ǂHoan

Number : 522

Proto-Bushman : *ɳǀǀ₁a̰-

Meaning : to spill, throw out (liquid)

Proto-Ju : *ɳǂa

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ɳǀǀà̰i

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

Notes : (There is actually a huge word family with the phonetic structure *ɳǂa, *ɳǀǀa, *ɳ!a and the average semantics 'throw, spill' - these two are matched together because the semantics is particularly good).

Number : 523

Proto-Bushman : *ɳǀǀha̰^hn

Meaning : to sharpen

Proto-Ju : *ɳǀǀhŋ^h

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ɳǀǀā̰n^h

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

Notes : Prosodic features are unclear just as in the case with the phonetically similar *ɳǀǀŋ^h "acacia". However, unlike the latter, this root more than probably ended in a "vowel+resonant" combination, not in a syllabic nasal, as evidenced by the PT form.

References : Honken 1998: 176.

Number : 524

Proto-Bushman : *ǀǀhŋ̰

Meaning : species of snake

Proto-Ju : *ǀǀhŋ

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ɳǀǀâ̰ńa

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

Notes : Complex interaction of click effluxes and vocalic prosodic features.

Number : 525

Proto-Bushman : *ǀǀ₁no[-Ra]

Meaning : crow

Proto-Ju : *ɳǂoˤra (?)

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ɳǀǀòa^h[-ra]

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

ǂHoan : *ʔɳǀǀola

Bushman > ǂHoan : Bushman > ǂHoan

Notes : ǂHoan and PT most probably belong together, although the effluxes do not match exactly. The NK form, however, while it could be compared with PT (going back to *ɳǀǀo- - pharyngealization in NK is irregular), can hardly be related to the ǂHoan form, because ǂHoan and NK influxes are supposed to match. Maybe we are dealing with an obscure contamination of several roots.

Number : 526

Proto-Bushman : *ɳǀǀoʔbV

Meaning : stork

Proto-Ju : *ɳǀǀaba

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ɳǀǀûʔbe

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

ǂHoan : *ɳǀǀobe

Bushman > ǂHoan : Bushman > ǂHoan

Number : 527

Proto-Bushman : *ɳǀǀVbu (?)

Meaning : to shake

Khoisan etymology : Khoisan etymology

Proto-Ju : *ɳǀǀabu

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ɳǀǀṵ̄^hbu

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

Notes : Vocalism correspondences are irregular but assimilation in PT is very probable. It is harder to deal with the extra prosodic features.

References : Honken 1998: 189.

Number : 528

Proto-Bushman : *ɳ!₁U-

Meaning : to run

Proto-Ju : *ɳ!oʔo

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ɳǀǀû

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

ǂHoan : *ɳ!o

Bushman > ǂHoan : Bushman > ǂHoan

Number : 529

Proto-Bushman : *ǀǀʔŋ^h

Meaning : to bind, tie

Proto-Ju : *ǀǀʼŋ

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ʔɳǀǀã̄^h

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

Notes : The reconstruction is approximate due to obvious complex interaction between the vowel and the click efflux.

Number : 530

Proto-Bushman : *ǀǀ₁na^h[-m]

Meaning : frog

Proto-Ju : *ɳǂaˤm

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ʔǀǀnā^h

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

Notes : Irregular pharyngealization in PNK (probably expressive).

Number : 531

Proto-Bushman : *ɳǀǀao-

Meaning : to prepare

Proto-Taa : *ʔǀǀnã̄õ^h

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

ǂHoan : *ʔɳǀǀau

Bushman > ǂHoan : Bushman > ǂHoan

Number : 532

Proto-Bushman : *ɳǀǀo^hʔro

Meaning : whirlwind

Proto-Ju : *ǀǀoro

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ʔɳǀǀò^hʔro

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

ǂHoan : *ǀǀhoʔolo

Bushman > ǂHoan : Bushman > ǂHoan

Number : 533

Proto-Bushman : *ɡǀǀa(^ŋ)

Meaning : to stand (pl.)

Khoisan etymology : Khoisan etymology

Proto-Ju : *ɡǀǀa

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ʔɳǀǀṵ̀ã^h (?)

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

ǂHoan : *ɡǀǀã

Bushman > ǂHoan : Bushman > ǂHoan

Notes : Inclusion of the PT form is very dubious, not just because of the irregular efflux (which could be tentatively explained by assimilation with the nasal vowel), but also because of the vocalism.

Number : 534

Proto-Bushman : *ǀǀ₁nṵbi

Meaning : arm

Proto-Ju : *ɳǂubi^h

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ʔɳǀǀṵ́bi

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

Notes : The composite !Xóõ form 'ɳǀǀṵ́bi tshôe can be literally interpreted as "the inside of the arm".

Number : 535

Proto-Bushman : *ǀǀʔabV

Meaning : stick throwing game

Proto-Ju : *ǀǀʼabi

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ǀǀʔábV

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

Number : 536

Proto-Bushman : *!₁Gaʔi (*!̯₁-)

Meaning : to go out, run out (pl. action)

Proto-Ju : *ɡ!aʔi

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ǀǀʔâe (?)

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

ǂHoan : *!Gãẽ

Bushman > ǂHoan : Bushman > ǂHoan

Notes : PT belongs here if *ǀǀGaʔe > *ǀǀʔae (metathesis?). Dubious because there's a reverse case, actually (ǀǀGaʔbV "to step over"), where this happens in PNK but not in PSK.

Number : 537

Proto-Bushman : *ǀǀʔa

Meaning : silver jackal, bat-eared fox

Khoisan etymology : Khoisan etymology

Proto-Ju : *ǀǀʼa

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ǀǀʔà

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

Proto-!Wi : *ǀǀʔa

Bushman > !Wi : Bushman > !Wi

ǂHoan : *ǀǀʔa

Bushman > ǂHoan : Bushman > ǂHoan

Number : 538

Proto-Bushman : *ǀǀxʔari (?)

Meaning : to go through

Proto-Ju : *ǀǀxari

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ǀǀʔàri

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

Notes : Correspondences are irregular; etymology dubious.

Number : 539

Proto-Bushman : *ǀǀkxam (?)

Meaning : to grasp a handful of

Proto-Ju : *ǀǀxʼam

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ǀǀʔām

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

Notes : Correspondences are irregular; etymology dubious.

Number : 540

Proto-Bushman : *ǀǀʔube

Meaning : to kiss

Khoisan etymology : Khoisan etymology

Proto-Taa : *ǀǀʔûbe

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

ǂHoan : *ǀǀʔobe

Bushman > ǂHoan : Bushman > ǂHoan