Peripheral Khoisan etymology : Query result

Number : 541

Proto-Bushman : *ǀǀkxa

Meaning : to wash

Khoisan etymology : Khoisan etymology

Proto-Ju : *ǀǀxʼa

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-!Wi : *ǀǀkxan

Bushman > !Wi : Bushman > !Wi

ǂHoan : *ǀǀkxa

Bushman > ǂHoan : Bushman > ǂHoan

Number : 542

Proto-Bushman : *ɡǀǀ[a]ʔu

Meaning : to bark

Proto-Ju : *ɡǀǀuʔu

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

ǂHoan : *ɡǀǀ[a]u

Bushman > ǂHoan : Bushman > ǂHoan

Notes : Unclear vocalism, but the transcription of the ǂHoan form is unreliable (could be either *au or *u).

Number : 543

Proto-Bushman : *ɳǀǀobe

Meaning : lizard, chameleon

Khoisan etymology : Khoisan etymology

Proto-Ju : *ɳǀǀobesa

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

ǂHoan : *ʔɳǀǀome

Bushman > ǂHoan : Bushman > ǂHoan

Notes : Assimilation of the inlaut labial in ǂHoan.

Number : 544

Proto-Bushman : *ɳǀǀqho (?)

Meaning : around, about

Proto-Ju : *ɳǀǀho

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

ǂHoan : *ǀǀqo

Bushman > ǂHoan : Bushman > ǂHoan

Number : 545

Proto-Bushman : *ɳǀǀao^h

Meaning : bow

Proto-Ju : *ɳ!̯ao (*ɳǀǀ-?)

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

ǂHoan : *ɳǀǀao

Bushman > ǂHoan : Bushman > ǂHoan

Notes : Zhuǀ'hoan has *!- here, but most other dialects agree in displaying a lateral click.

Number : 546

Proto-Bushman : *ǂ₁a̰^h[-N]

Meaning : to leak

Khoisan etymology : Khoisan etymology

Proto-Ju : *ǀa^hm

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ǂã̰̀^h

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

Notes : Not very reliable (*-a̰-, not *-a^h-, expected in PNK).

Number : 547

Proto-Bushman : *ǂa̰ʔ[-i]

Meaning : springbok

Khoisan etymology : Khoisan etymology

Proto-Ju : *ǂaˤʔi

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ǂa

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

Proto-!Wi : *ɡǂae

Bushman > !Wi : Bushman > !Wi

Number : 548

Proto-Bushman : *ǂ₁am

Meaning : to arrive, approach

Proto-Ju : *ǀam

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ǂám

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

ǂHoan : *ǀam

Bushman > ǂHoan : Bushman > ǂHoan

Number : 549

Proto-Bushman : *ǂe (*ǂx-?)

Meaning : to wake up, open the eyes

Khoisan etymology : Khoisan etymology

Proto-Ju : *ǂxai (?)

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ǂẽ̂

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

ǂHoan : *ǂe

Bushman > ǂHoan : Bushman > ǂHoan

Notes : PT and ǂHoan forms obviously belong together, but the inclusion of the NK parallel is more questionable (mainly due to the irregular efflux correspondence); it is probable that NK forms are borrowed from Central Khoisan.

Number : 550

Proto-Bushman : *ǂaro (?)

Meaning : path

Proto-Ju : *ǂaro

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ǂóro

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

Notes : Cf., however, Nama ɡǂaro-b - common ancestry is dubious for these two items given that they are not found outside the Zhu and !Xóõ dictionaries.

Number : 551

Proto-Bushman : *ǂõ^h

Meaning : to buy

Khoisan etymology : Khoisan etymology

Proto-Taa : *ǂȭ^h

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

ǂHoan : *ǂõ

Bushman > ǂHoan : Bushman > ǂHoan

Notes : The word certainly looks like a cultural term, transmitted through contact, but it is interesting to note that it is not attested in Khoekhoe (the usual source of borrowing).

Number : 552

Proto-Bushman : *ǂu[-a]

Meaning : sleeping mat

Proto-Ju : *ǂoa

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ǂû-

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

References : Honken 1998: 180.

Number : 553

Proto-Bushman : *ǂ₁oi

Meaning : collar bone; shoulder

Proto-Taa : *ǂúi

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

ǂHoan : *ǀoe

Bushman > ǂHoan : Bushman > ǂHoan

Number : 554

Proto-Bushman : *ɡǂ₁a̰ni

Meaning : to shake

Proto-Ju : *ǀani

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ɡǂà̰ni

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

References : Honken 1998: 184.

Number : 555

Proto-Bushman : *ɡǂ₁ɔ̰- (?)

Meaning : bile, gall

Proto-Ju : *ǀoˤ

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ɡǂáu

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

Notes : Dubious, but the only complete irregularity is pharyngealization in PNK.

Number : 556

Proto-Bushman : *ɡǂore

Meaning : blind

Proto-Ju : *ɡ!aˤri (?)

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ɡǂōre

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

ǂHoan : *ɡǂole

Bushman > ǂHoan : Bushman > ǂHoan

Notes : Inclusion of the NK form is very arbitrary (correspondences do not match at all).

Number : 557

Proto-Bushman : *ɡǂo̰ʔ-

Meaning : to throttle

Proto-Ju : *ɡǂoˤʔm

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ɡǂoʔrV

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

Number : 558

Proto-Bushman : *ɡǂ₁VʔṼ (?)

Meaning : worm, maggot

Proto-Ju : *ɡ!aˤʔi (?)

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ɡǂṍʔ^h

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

ǂHoan : *ɡ!õʔõ

Bushman > ǂHoan : Bushman > ǂHoan

Notes : Maybe several dif. roots here: cf. also !Xóõ !Guã "worm", PNK *ɳǂùʔṹ, etc.

Number : 559

Proto-Bushman : *ɡǂuʔuni

Meaning : knot

Proto-Ju : *ǀũʔũ

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ɡǂúni

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

Notes : In PN *ɡǂuʔuni > *ǀuʔĩ > *ǀuʔũ (with assimilation).

Number : 560

Proto-Bushman : *ǂ₁xo- (?)

Meaning : elephant

Khoisan etymology : Khoisan etymology

Proto-Ju : *!xo

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ǂxū-a

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

Proto-!Wi : *ǂxU-a

Bushman > !Wi : Bushman > !Wi

ǂHoan : *!xui

Bushman > ǂHoan : Bushman > ǂHoan

Notes : The correspondence PNK *!- - PSK *ǂ is rare (and, currently, not really adaptable to the overall system), but not unprecedented. It is, however, not excluded that this is ultimately a chance resemblance.

References : Honken 1998: 187.