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Macro-Khoisan etymology : Search within this database Total of 481 record 25 pages
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1 1 \data\bush\khoiet
Proto-Khoisan : *ɳ||V
Meaning : liver
Proto-Khoisan : *ɳ||Vbu
Meaning : to shake
Notes : See Honken 1998 : 189. Phonetic peculiarities of this root in !Xóõ make the contact scenario almost impossible, although some forms in North Khoisan may represent later re-borrowings from Khoe. Proto-Khoisan : *ɳ||1 obV (?)
Meaning : lizard
Notes : The Khoe form is only Nama, but differences in click articulation still suggest a genetic rather than contact solution.
Proto-Khoisan : *ɡ!au
Meaning : hyaena
Notes : The Sandawe parallel is very tentative (initial t- would rather yield the palatal click).
Proto-Khoisan : *ɡ!au
Meaning : acacia
Notes : Possibly borrowed from Khoe into North Khoisan, although the word is not attested in the most frequent sources of borrowing (Khoekhoe languages).
Proto-Khoisan : *ɡ!no̰-
Meaning : heel
Proto-Khoisan : *ɡ!̯ai
Meaning : puff-adder
Notes : Borrowing from Khoe is not very likely since the click in North Khoisan is retroflex.
Proto-Khoisan : *ɡ!̯ani
Meaning : chin
Notes : Since the word has a retroflex click in North Khoisan, borrowing is not very likely.
Proto-Khoisan : *ɡ!̯u
Meaning : chest
Proto-Khoisan : *ɡ|a
Meaning : to shelter (from the weather)
Notes : Possibly a borrowing into Peripheral Khoisan from Khoe, but then the non-trivial efflux correspondences also have to be accounted for.
Proto-Khoisan : *ɡ|a
Meaning : leaf
Notes : A good example of a "primordial click" root, and also one which convincingly matches across both Peripheral Khoisan and Khoe as well as Sandawe without looking like a borrowing due to non-trivial correspondences. The Hadza word, as usual, is less easy to be aligned along with the rest of the forms for both phonetic and semantic reasons.
Proto-Khoisan : *ɡ|a-
Meaning : fat on neck
Notes : A weak connection (the Khoe word is only attested in Naro).
Proto-Khoisan : *ɡ|nu-
Meaning : brown hyaena
Notes : The word possibly reflects a "primordial" click, featured in all the major branches of Khoisan.
Proto-Khoisan : *ɡ|ṵ [~]
Meaning : night
Notes : Not found outside Peripheral Khoisan.
Proto-Khoisan : *ɡ|ui
Meaning : wood; bushland
Notes : Dubious (borrowing from Khoe is quite likely in this case).
Proto-Khoisan : *ɡ||a-
Meaning : female
Proto-Khoisan : *ɡ||kxoRi
Meaning : louse
Notes : The actual comparison is between !Xóõ and Khoe (the Ju|ʔhoan form is in all likeliness a borrowing from Kxoe).
Proto-Khoisan : *gobV
Meaning : navel
Proto-Khoisan : *gu
Meaning : sheep
Notes : A cultural term, also found in Bantu and other African languages. Its Proto-Khoe status is undeniable, but the Bushman forms are most probably borrowed.
Proto-Khoisan : *gu[rV]
Meaning : bark
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Total of 481 record 25 pages
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