North Khoisan etymology : Query result

Proto-Ju: *txũ

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: grandmother; paternal aunt

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : txṹ (n1 -sĩ) // txṹ-ɡ!á (n1 -sĩ) "(older) brother-in-law; uncle by marriage"; txṹ-ɡ!ámà (n1 -sĩ) "younger brother-in-law"; txṹ-mà (n1 -sĩ) "granddaughter; sister-in-law (younger than oneself); niece, female cousin, sister-in-law (younger than ego)"

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): txõ

!Kung (Lloyd) : txũ̌ ~ tːxũ̀ ~ txu ~ txúŋ "paternal grandmother"

!O!Kung (Bleek) : txũ "maternal grandfather or grandmother, husband's brother, father's brother"

!O!Kung (Snyman): txõ̇dè // txũ txõ̇-ɡǀǀòˤ "grandfather"

Kavango : txṹ "grandmother, paternal aunt" // txṹ ɡǀǀá "grandfather, maternal uncle"

Ekoka : txṹ (1) "father's sister, father's mother, mother's mother" // txṹ-mà "child's child, brother's child (of female ego)"; txṹ-ɳǀǀāʔà "mother's brother, mother's father, father's father"; txṹ-ɳǀǀāʔà-mà "sister's child"; txṹ-ɡǀǀā̰-mà "sister's child (of male ego)"

Tsumkwe : txṹ ɡ!á "brother-in-law"

Tsintsabis : txṹ ɡ!á "brother-in-law"

Leeunes : txṹ ɡ!̄ã́ "brother-in-law"

North Omatako : txṹ ɡ!á "brother-in-law"

Lister : txũ̀ ɡ!á "brother-in-law"

References : Bleek 245; Dickens 278; Snyman 39; Snyman 1980: 6, 39; Snyman 1997: 66.

RefLex number: 1643

Proto-Ju: *txuru

Tonal pattern: XX [j]

Meaning: to pull loose (a knot)

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : txȕrȕ "to pull closed"

Tsumkwe : txùrù

Tsintsabis : txùrú

Leeunes : cxúrú

Mpunguvlei : txùrú

Cuito : txùrú

South Omatako : xūrù

North Omatako : txùrù

References : Dickens 278; Snyman 1997: 66.

RefLex number: 1644

Proto-Ju: *t₁oʔa

Tonal pattern: LH [j]

Meaning: that (dem.)

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : tòʔá

!Kung (Lloyd) : dóä "this" // dŏä̆́ "that"; toʔä ~ tŏä́ "this is, here is"

!Kung (Vedder): doàː "like this"

!O!Kung (Bleek) : doa

Ekoka : =tòʔà ~ =tùʔà // ndùʔà ~ ndòʔà "there, that" (?); ndùndùʔā "be like that"

References : Bleek 27, 206; Dickens 274; KH 46, 135, 139.

RefLex number: 1570

Proto-Ju: *u

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: to go, depart

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : ú // (n5) "going, leaving"; ú-á "to go to"

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): u

ǀǀAuǀǀen : ú

!Kung (Lloyd) : ù ~ ŭ̀ ~ ū̀

!Kung (Vedder): uː ~ guː ~ gu

!Kung (Wilhelm): uː

!O!Kung (Bleek) : ú

!O!Kung (Snyman): ű "walk"

References : Bleek 50, 246; Dickens 280; Snyman 18; Snyman 1980: 54.

RefLex number: 1664

Proto-Ju: *ui

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: to be older/bigger than

Juǀʼhoan : úí

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): wi

!O!Kung (Snyman): wīì

References : Dickens 280; Snyman 49; Snyman 1980: 6.

RefLex number: 1667

Proto-Ju: *wãˤ

Tonal pattern: XX [j]

Meaning: each, every; last

Juǀʼhoan : wã̏ˤ... gè "the last" // wã̀ˤ-hè "every, each (referring to nouns other than those of class 5)"; wã̀ˤ-kè "each, every (referring to nouns of class 5)"; wã̀ˤ-sì "all"

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): wãˤhe

References : Dickens 281.

RefLex number: 1670

Proto-Ju: *we

Meaning: come here

Tsumkwe : wè

Tsintsabis : wé

Okongo : wé

Leeunes : wé

Mpunguvlei : wé

Cuito : wé

Cuando : wèé

South Omatako : wèé

North Omatako : wèé

Kameeldoring : wè

Lister : wè

References : Snyman 1997: 75.

RefLex number: 3109

Proto-Ju: *we(-še)

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: all

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : wèšè ~ wèšèsì

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): weše

ǀǀAuǀǀen : oási "all, both" // waːsi ~ wána "all"

!Kung (Doke): weːšesn

!Kung (Vedder): hòesé

!O!Kung (Bleek) : wɛšɛšɛ

!O!Kung (Snyman): wìsè ~ wèšè

Tsumkwe : =wèšè

Tsintsabis : =wéšáng

Okongo : =wèšè

Leeunes : =wè

Mpunguvlei : =wésé, ~ =wàšì

Cuito : =wíšè

Cuando : wíšè ~ hüšè

South Omatako : wèšhèsĩ̀

North Omatako : wéčésì

Kameeldoring : wèšè

Lister : wã́ˤsì

References : Bleek 63, 153, 251, 252, 253; Dickens 30; Snyman 29, 45; Snyman 1980: 32; Snyman 1997: 74.

RefLex number: 1673

Proto-Ju: *wõã

Tonal pattern: XL [j]

Meaning: to widen (a hole)

Juǀʼhoan : wõ̏ã̀xõ̀ã̀xõ̀ã̀

References : Dickens 1994: 281.

RefLex number: 1675

Proto-Ju: *xã

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: to rustle (of leaves)

Juǀʼhoan : xã́ // (n5 -si) "rustling"

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): xã

!Kung (Lloyd) : xã̀

Tsumkwe : xã́

Tsintsabis : xã́

Okongo : xã́

Leeunes : xã́

Mpunguvlei : xã́

North Omatako : xã̀

Kameeldoring : xã̀

Lister : xã̀

References : Bleek 254; Dickens 282; Snyman 28; Snyman 1997: 75.

RefLex number: 1687

Proto-Ju: *xai

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: to break (pl. action)

Juǀʼhoan : xáí

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): xei

Tsumkwe : xái

Tsintsabis : ǀǀae xái

Okongo : ǀǀae xái

Leeunes : xái

South Omatako : xái

North Omatako : xái

Kameeldoring : xái

Lister : xái

References : Dickens 282; Snyman 45; Snyman 1997: 75.

RefLex number: 1682

Proto-Ju: *xami

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: to grind, crush

Juǀʼhoan : xámí

References : Dickens 282.

RefLex number: 1685

Proto-Ju: *xana

Tonal pattern: XL [j]

Meaning: scorpion

Juǀʼhoan : xȁnà (n2)

References : Dickens 282.

RefLex number: 1688

Proto-Ju: *xanaʰ

Tonal pattern: XX [j]

Meaning: marijuana

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : xȁnȁʰ (n3)

!Kung (Lloyd) : xắna

!Kung (Doke): xáná

!Kung (Vedder): xàna

!Kung (Wilhelm): xăna

References : Bleek 256; Dickens 282.

RefLex number: 1689

Proto-Ju: *xani

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: to dice, slice

Juǀʼhoan : xànì

Tsumkwe : xání

Tsintsabis : xáni

Okongo : xáni

Mpunguvlei : xáni

Cuito : xáni

Cuando : xàni

References : Dickens 282; Snyman 1997: 76.

RefLex number: 1690

Proto-Ju: *xaro

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: to give (a present)

Juǀʼhoan : xáró // (n5 -si) "present"

References : Dickens 282.

RefLex number: 1695

Proto-Ju: *xãũ

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: to singe, scorch

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : xã̀ũ̀

Tsumkwe : xã̀ũ

Tsintsabis : xã̀o

Okongo : xã̀o

Leeunes : xào

Mpunguvlei : xã̀o

Cuito : xã̀o

Cuando : xã̀o

South Omatako : xào

North Omatako : xã̀ũ

Kameeldoring : xã̀ũ

Lister : xã̀ũ

References : Dickens 282; Snyman 1997: 75.

RefLex number: 1698

Proto-Ju: *xʼa

Tonal pattern: LL [j] ~ LL [k] ~ LL [e]

Meaning: earth, ground, sand

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : xʼà (n5 -si) // xʼà-ǀʰó (n5 -si) "land, earth"; xʼà-!ʼùrì (n5 -si) "clod"; xʼà-ǀǀúá (n5 -si) "foot"

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): xʼa

ǀǀAuǀǀen : xʼa

!Kung (Lloyd) : xʼắ

!Kung (Doke): xʼáː

!Kung (Vedder): xʼaː

!Kung (Weich): xʼa

!O!Kung (Bleek) : xʼa

!O!Kung (Snyman): xʼà-ǀʰó "world"

Kavango : xʼà

Ekoka : xʼà

Tsumkwe : xʼà

Tsintsabis : xʼà

Okongo : xʼà

Leeunes : xʼà

Mpunguvlei : xʼà

Cuito : xʼà

Cuando : xʼà

South Omatako : xʼà

North Omatako : xʼà

Kameeldoring : xʼà

Lister : xʼà

References : Bleek 116, 118; Dickens 231; Heikkinen 1986; KH 134; Snyman 71; Snyman 1980: 55; Snyman 1997: 55; Weich 38.

RefLex number: 832

Proto-Ju: *xʼae

Tonal pattern: LL [j] ~ LL [k]

Meaning: to have, possess

Juǀʼhoan : xʼàè // xʼàè-à kʰòè "to be related, care for each other"

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): xʼae

ǀǀAuǀǀen : xʼai

Kavango : xʼàe "pick up"

References : Bleek 118; Dickens 231; Heikkinen 1986; Snyman 22.

RefLex number: 833

Proto-Ju: *xʼa[i]

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: first

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : xʼáí-šè ~ xʼáí-nà

ǀǀAuǀǀen : xʼei-še

!Kung (Lloyd) : xʼeìya ~ xʼéï̀ya

!O!Kung (Snyman): xʼà-xʼà-kè

Kavango : xʼá(iyá)

Ekoka : xʼá

References : Bleek 122; Dickens 231; Heikkinen 1986; KH 134; Snyman 1980: 38.

RefLex number: 834