North Khoisan etymology : Query result

Proto-Ju: *ǂʼãwa

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: snake

Juǀʼhoan : ǂʼààmà ~ ǂʼàŋàmà, pl. ǂʼààmʰí ~ ǂʼàŋàmʰí (n5) // ǂʼààmà-ɳ!àì ~ ǂʼààmà-!ʼṍã́ (n4 -si) "snake venom"

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): ǂʼaama

!Kung (Doke): ǂʼã́wã́

!Kung (Vedder): ǂàũ

References : Bleek 642; Dickens 304, 305; Snyman 68.

RefLex number: 2113

Proto-Ju: *ǂʼʰa (*-ã)

Tonal pattern: XX [j]

Meaning: arm

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : ǂʼʰã (n5 -si) "arm, fore-leg, strap (of a camera, a quiver, a loincloth etc.)" // ǂʼʰã̏-dí (n5 -sĩ) "left arm, left-hand side"; ǂʼʰã̏-ɳ!ȍˤ, pl. ǂʼʰã̏-ɳǀǀȁèˤ (n5) "right arm, right-hand side"; ǂʼʰã̏-ɳ!áŋ (n5 -si) "direction"; ǂʼʰã̏-ǂʼʰã̀-mà-mà-cã̀ "to carry in both hands"

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): ǂʼʰa

ǀǀAuǀǀen : ǂʰa ~ ǂʰã ~ ǂã

Nogau : ǀǀʰa

!Kung (Lloyd) : ǂʰa ~ ǂʰaː ~ ǂʰã

!Kung (Doke): ǂʼʰã̄ ~ ǂʰã

!Kung (Vedder): ǂʰã̀ː

!Kung (Wilhelm): ǂʰaː

!O!Kung (Bleek) : ǂʰã ~ ǀǀʰa

!O!Kung (Snyman): ǂʼʰà

Cuando : ǂʼʰã̀ "branch" (?)

South Omatako : ǂʼʰã̀ "thick branch" (?)

North Omatako : ǂʼʰã "branch" (?)

Notes : Honken (!Kung): ǂʼʰã̀.

References : Bleek 539, 650, 654, 660; Dickens 306, 307; Honken 1998:176; Snyman 53; Snyman 1980: 9; Snyman 1997: 89.

RefLex number: 2153

Proto-Ju: *ǂʼʰare

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: eye-tooth

Juǀʼhoan : ǂʼʰáré (n5 -si)

Tsumkwe : ǂʼʰáré

Tsintsabis : ǂʼʰáré

Leeunes : ǂʼʰáré

Mpunguvlei : !ʼʰàré

Cuito : !ʼʰàlé

Cuando : !ʼʰàlé

South Omatako : ǂʼʰàrè

North Omatako : ǂʰàrè

Kameeldoring : ǂʰàrè

Lister : ǂàrè

References : Dickens 307; Snyman 1997: 99.

RefLex number: 2160

Proto-Ju: *ǂʼʰari

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: to become chipped (of tooth enamel, etc.)

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : ǂʼʰárí

Tsumkwe : ǂʼʰárì

References : Dickens 307; Snyman 1997: 99.

RefLex number: 2161

Proto-Ju: *ǂʼʰŋ

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: to annoy

Juǀʼhoan : ǂʼʰáŋ

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): ǂʼʰeŋ "to gossip"

References : Dickens 306; Snyman 53.

RefLex number: 2154

Proto-Ju: *ǂʼʰŋ

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: to swear (an oath)

Juǀʼhoan : ǂʼʰàŋ

References : Dickens 1994: 306.

RefLex number: 2155

Proto-Ju: *ǂʼʰŋ

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: a kind of bird

Juǀʼhoan : ǂʼʰàŋ-mà, pl. ǂʼʰàŋ-mʰí (n2) "red-necked falcon, Falco chiquera" // ǂʼʰàŋ-ǂʼʰàŋ-mà, pl. ǂʼʰàŋ-ǂʼʰàŋ-mʰí (n2) "jackal buzzard, Buteo rufofuscis; black-breasted snake eagle, Circaetus pectoralis"

References : Dickens 1994: 306.

RefLex number: 2156

Proto-Ju: *ǂʼʰo

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: to plug, stuff into; to fill intestine with meat

Juǀʼhoan : ǂʼʰò

Tsumkwe : ǂʼʰò

Tsintsabis : ǂʼʰò

Okongo : !ʼʰò

Leeunes : ǂʼʰò

Mpunguvlei : !ʼʰò

Cuando : !ʼʰò

Kameeldoring : ɡǂxò

Lister : ǂʼʰò

Notes : Irregular *ǂ > ! in several dialects.

References : Dickens 307; Snyman 1997: 99.

RefLex number: 2164

Proto-Ju: *ǂʼʰȍm̩

Tonal pattern: XX [j]

Meaning: to dip (e.g. food into gravy)

Juǀʼhoan : ǂʼʰomm

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): ǂʼʰomm

!Kung (Lloyd) : ǂʰuḿm ~ ǂxúŋ "to drown" (?)

!Kung (Doke): ǂʼʰum "to dip out water"

!Kung (Vedder): ǂʰon "to dip in"

!O!Kung (Snyman): ǂʼʰòm̀ṁ

References : Bleek 651, 652, 681; Dickens 307; Snyman 47; Snyman 1980: 36.

RefLex number: 2169

Proto-Ju: *ǂʼʰu

Tonal pattern: XL [j]

Meaning: side of one's body

Juǀʼhoan : ǂʼʰȕù (n5 -si)

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): ǂʼʰuu

!Kung (Doke): ǂʰuː

!Kung (Vedder): ǂʰũ̄

!O!Kung (Snyman): ǂʼʰùu

Tsumkwe : ǂʼʰūù

Tsintsabis : ǂʼʰūù

Okongo : ǂʼʰūù

Leeunes : ǂʼʰùú

South Omatako : ǂʼʰùú

North Omatako : ǂʼʰùú

Kameeldoring : ǂʼʰùú

References : Bleek 652; Dickens 307; Snyman 53; Snyman 1980: 49; Snyman 1997: 99.

RefLex number: 2180

Proto-Ju: *ǂʼʰubi

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: to be crowded together

Juǀʼhoan : ǂʼʰùbì

References : Dickens 307.

RefLex number: 2172

Proto-Ju: *ǂʼʰui

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: to be stupid, retarded, stubborn

Juǀʼhoan : ǂʼʰùì

!Kung (Lloyd) : ǂu̯hì

References : Bleek 677; Dickens 307.

RefLex number: 2173

Proto-Ju: *ǂʼʰuri

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: calf (of leg)

Juǀʼhoan : ǂʼʰùrì (n5 -si)

!Kung (Doke): ǂuri

!O!Kung (Snyman): ǂʼʰùrì

Tsumkwe : ǂʼʰùrì

Tsintsabis : ǂʼʰùrì

Okongo : ǂʼʰùrì

Leeunes : ǂʼʰùrì

Mpunguvlei : ǂʼʰùrì

Cuito : ǂʼʰùrì

Cuando : ǂʼʰùrì

South Omatako : ǂʼʰùrì

North Omatako : ǂʼʰùrì

Kameeldoring : ǂʼʰùrì

Lister : ǂʼʰùrì

References : Bleek 665; Dickens 307; Snyman 1980: 9; Snyman 1997: 99.

RefLex number: 2178

Proto-Ju: *ǂʼŋ

Tonal pattern: HH

Meaning: to think

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : ǂʼáŋ // ǂʼáŋ (n5 -si) "thought, idea"

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): ǂʼeŋ

ǀǀAuǀǀen : ǂã̄ "to know"

!Kung (Lloyd) : ǂíŋ ~ ǂìŋ

!Kung (Wilhelm): ǂín

!O!Kung (Snyman): ǂʼáŋ

Kavango : ǂʼa̋ŋ

Tsumkwe : ǂʼaŋ

Tsintsabis : ǂʼáŋ

Okongo : ǂʼáŋ

Leeunes : ǂʼáŋ

Mpunguvlei : ǂʼáŋ

Cuito : ǂʼáŋ

Cuando : ǂʼáŋ

South Omatako : ǂʼáŋ

North Omatako : ǂʼáŋ

Kameeldoring : ǂʼáŋ

Lister : ǂʼãĩ

References : Bleek 652-3; Dickens 305; Heikkinen 1986; Snyman 48; Snyman 1980: 52; Snyman 1997: 80.

RefLex number: 2130

Proto-Ju: *ǂʼŋ

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: old, worn out

Juǀʼhoan : ǂʼàŋ (-si)

ǀǀAuǀǀen : ǂẽ ~ ǂẽː-si

Kavango : ǂʼèé

References : Bleek 643; Dickens 305; Heikkinen 1986.

RefLex number: 2131

Proto-Ju: *ǂʼo

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: leadwood tree, Combretum imberbe

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : ǂʼò (n3 -si)

ǀǀAuǀǀen : ǂo "Combretum rhodesicum"

Various addenda: Passarge (ǀǀAuǀǀen): $o.

References : Bleek 675, 689; Dickens 307.

RefLex number: 2181

Proto-Ju: *ǂʼobe

Meaning: lynx, caracal

Cuito : ǂʼòbe

Cuando : ǂʼòbe

References : Snyman 1997: 80.

RefLex number: 3097

Proto-Ju: *ǂʼore

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: biceps

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : ǂʼóré (n5 -si) "upper-arm or foreleg muscle, biceps"

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): ǂʼore

!Kung (Wilhelm): ǂŭru "upper arm" (?)

References : Bleek 677; Dickens 308; Snyman 51.

RefLex number: 2189

Proto-Ju: *ǂʼoro

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: to tighten by twisting (esp. the string of a bow around the bow's narrow end)

Juǀʼhoan : ǂʼóró

!Kung (Lloyd) : ǂoro "to wind on a string"

References : Bleek 675; Dickens 308.

RefLex number: 2191

Proto-Ju: *ǂʼu

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: joining piece between arrow shaft and tip

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : ǂʼú (n5 -si)

ǀǀAuǀǀen : ǂuː "grass wound round an arrowshaft at the point of insertion of arrowhead"

!Kung (Wilhelm): ǂuri "arrowpoint" (?)

Tsumkwe : ǂʼú

Tsintsabis : ǂʼú

Leeunes : ǂʼùú

South Omatako : ǂʼú

North Omatako : ǂʼú

Kameeldoring : ǂʼù

Lister : ǂʼù

References : Bleek 676; Dickens 308; Snyman 1997: 81.

RefLex number: 2193