North Khoisan etymology : Query result

Proto-Ju: *ǂʼui

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: caracal

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : ǂʼùì (n2)

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): ǂʼwi "lynx"

ǀǀAuǀǀen : ǂwi

!Kung (Lloyd) : ǂu̯ì "squirrel" (?)

Tsumkwe : ǂʼùi

Tsintsabis : ǂʼùi

Okongo : ǂʼùi

Leeunes : ǂʼùi

Mpunguvlei : ǂʼùi

South Omatako : ǂʼúi

North Omatako : ǂʼúi

Kameeldoring : ǂʼúi

Lister : ǂʼúi

References : Bleek 677; Dickens 308; Snyman 51; Snyman 1997: 80.

RefLex number: 2196

Proto-Ju: *ǂʼui

Meaning: little stones

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

ǀǀAuǀǀen : ǂwiǂwi

References : Bleek 677.

RefLex number: 3140

Proto-Ju: *ǂʼui

Meaning: to go off (e. g. of sun)

!Kung (Lloyd) : ǂu̥í

References : Bleek 677.

RefLex number: 3141

Proto-Ju: *ǂʼui

Meaning: to pinch

!Kung (Lloyd) : ǂu̥ī́

Notes : Cf. also !Kung ǂuhè, ǂuhĩ̀ "to press with finger" (Ll.).

References : Bleek 676, 677.

RefLex number: 3142

Proto-Ju: *ǂʼui(^ŋ)

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: to drip

Juǀʼhoan : ǂʼúí "to burst, crack (of a container)" (?) // ǂʼúí-sí (n5 -si) "site of an explosion, crater"

!O!Kung (Bleek) : ǂʼũ̀ĩ-čàˤ

Mpunguvlei : ǂʼũ̀i

Cuito : ǂʼũ̀i

Cuando : ǂʼũ̀i

References : Dickens 308; Snyman 1997: 89.

RefLex number: 2195

Proto-Ju: *ǂʰa

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: path, road

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : ǂʰà (n4 -si)

ǀǀAuǀǀen : ǀaː

!Kung (Lloyd) : ǂʰa

!O!Kung (Bleek) : ǀā

Tsumkwe : ǂʰà

Tsintsabis : ǂʰà

Okongo : ǂʰà

Mpunguvlei : ǂʰà

Cuito : ǂʰà

Cuando : ǂʰà

North Omatako : ǂʰā

Kameeldoring : ǂʰā

Lister : ǂʰā

Various addenda: Passarge (ǀǀAuǀǀen): $ka.

References : Bleek 295, 660, 688; Dickens 300; Snyman 1997: 79.

RefLex number: 2009

Proto-Ju: *ǂʰam

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: hornbill

Juǀʼhoan : ǂʰám-sà (n2)

!O!Kung (Snyman): ǂám

Cuando : ǂám

References : Dickens 300; Snyman 1980: 41; Snyman 1997: 71.

RefLex number: 2013

Proto-Ju: *ǂʰao

Meaning: to hide

Leeunes : ǂʼʰáo

Mpunguvlei : ǂʼʰáo

Cuito : ǂʼʰáo

Cuando : ǂʼʰáo

References : Snyman 1997: 41.

RefLex number: 3127

Proto-Ju: *ǂʰi

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: many, much

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : ǂʰáí // ǂʰáí-á (n5) "majority, big number"

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): ǂʰei

ǀǀAuǀǀen : ǂʰí ~ ǀʰí

!Kung (Lloyd) : ǂʰì ~ ǂxí ~ ǂxì

!Kung (Doke): ǂʼʰí

!O!Kung (Bleek) : ǂʰí ~ ǀʰí

!O!Kung (Snyman): ǂʰái

Tsumkwe : ǂʰái

Tsintsabis : ǂʰái

Okongo : ǂʰái

Leeunes : ǂʰi

Mpunguvlei : ǂʰi

Cuito : ǂʰi

Cuando : ǂʰi

South Omatako : ǂʰái

North Omatako : ǂʰái

Kameeldoring : ǂʰài

Lister : ǂʰài

References : Bleek 313, 651, 661, 680; Dickens 300; Snyman 53; Snyman 1980: 9; Snyman 1997: 79.

RefLex number: 2012

Proto-Ju: *ǂʰŋ

Meaning: to squeeze out pus

Tsumkwe : ǂʼʰàng

Tsintsabis : ǂʼʰáng

Okongo : ǂʼʰáng

Leeunes : ǂʼʰáng

Mpunguvlei : ǂʼʰàng

Cuito : ǂʼʰàng

Cuando : ǂʼʰàng

South Omatako : ǂʼʰàng

North Omatako : ǂʼʰàng

Kameeldoring : ǂʼʰàng

References : Snyman 1997: 99.

RefLex number: 3075

Proto-Ju: *ǂʰõã

Meaning: to be slow

Mpunguvlei : ǂʼʰõa

Cuito : ǂʼʰõa

Cuando : ǂʼʰõa

References : Snyman 1997: 80.

RefLex number: 3099

Proto-Ju: *ǂʰoe

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: to pull out, pull off

Juǀʼhoan : ǂʰòè

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): ǂʰwe

!O!Kung (Snyman): ǂʰòe "uproot"

Tsumkwe : ǂʰòe

Tsintsabis : ǂʰòe

Okongo : ǂʰòe

Leeunes : ǂʰòe

South Omatako : ǂʰòe

North Omatako : ǂʰòe

Kameeldoring : ǂʰòe

Lister : ǂʰòe

References : Dickens 300; Snyman 53; Snyman 1980: 9; Snyman 1997: 79.

RefLex number: 2022

Proto-Ju: *ǂʰom

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: to break (string)

Juǀʼhoan : ǂʰóm "cut off, sever"

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): ǂʰom "to break a string"

Tsumkwe : ǂʰóm

Tsintsabis : ǂʰóm

Leeunes : ǂʰóm

South Omatako : ǂʰóm

North Omatako : ǂʰóm

Kameeldoring : ǂʰóm

Notes : Cf. Kavango khȍm "break into pieces", !Kung khom id. (W.).

References : Dickens 300; Heikkinen 1986; Snyman 18; Snyman 1997: 79; Weich 34.

RefLex number: 2023

Proto-Ju: *ǂʰom

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: a k. of relative

Juǀʼhoan : ǂʰòm (n1 -si) "father-in-law, son-in-law" // ǂʰòm-mà (n1 -si) "son-in-law"

!Kung (Lloyd) : ǂuḿ ~ ǂuḿm̀ ~ ǂʰuḿm "father-in-law, son-in-law"

!O!Kung (Snyman): ǂʰóm "brother-in-law"

Notes : Cf. also Ekoka thòm 'brother-in-law' (said to be from Snyman's records, possibly a mistranscribed form).

References : Bleek 661, 665; Dickens 300; KH 69; Snyman 1980: 34.

RefLex number: 2024

Proto-Ju: *ǂʰũ

Meaning: to suck

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

!Kung (Vedder): ǂũ̄

References : Bleek 675; Honken 1998:176.

RefLex number: 3042

Proto-Ju: *ǂʰu ~ *ǂʰũ

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: to abrade, chafe; baldness

Juǀʼhoan : ǂʰũ̀ "graze, chafe, wear down (e.g. a horse's coat under the saddle)" // (n5 -si) "baldness, a chafing, a graze"

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): ǂʰõ "bald"

!O!Kung (Snyman): ǂʰù

Tsumkwe : ǂʰũ̀"to fall causing abrasion"

Tsintsabis : ǂʰũ̀

Okongo : ǂʰũ̀

Leeunes : ǂʰũ̀

Mpunguvlei : ǂʰṹ

Cuito : ǂʰṹ

Cuando : ǂʰṹ ~ ǂʰú

South Omatako : ǂʰũ̀

North Omatako : ǂʰũ̀

Kameeldoring : ǂʰũ̀

References : Dickens 300; Snyman 28; Snyman 1980: 31; Snyman 1997: 80.

RefLex number: 2026

Proto-Ju: *ǂʰuni ~ *ɡǂʰuni

Tonal pattern: HH [j] ~ HH [k] ~ HH [e]

Meaning: elbow

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : ǂʰúní (n5 -si)

ǀǀAuǀǀen : ǂɔni

!Kung (Lloyd) : ǂwońni ~ ǂxwònnī

!Kung (Doke): ɡ!̯uni

!O!Kung (Bleek) : ǂuni ~ ǂɔni ~ !uni

Kavango : ɡǂʰűni̋

Ekoka : ɡ!̯ʰúnní

Tsumkwe : ǂʰúni

Tsintsabis : ǂʰúni

Okongo : !ʰúrú (?)

Leeunes : ǂʰúni

Mpunguvlei : ǂʰúni

Cuito : ǂʰúni

Cuando : ǂʰúni

South Omatako : ǂʰúni

North Omatako : ɡǂʰuni

Kameeldoring : ǂʰúni

Lister : ǂʼʰúnĩ

Various addenda: Honken (!Kung): ɡǂhúní.

Notes : Class 4. The variation between voiced and voiceless variants currently defies explanation.

References : Bleek 453, 506, 663, 665, 667, 675, 681; Dickens 300; Heikkinen 1986; Honken 1998:176; KH 131; Snyman 1997: 79.

RefLex number: 2027

Proto-Ju: *ǂi

Tonal pattern: XL [j]

Meaning: malaria

Juǀʼhoan : ǂȁìʰ (n5)

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): ǂʰei

!O!Kung (Snyman): ǂāì

Tsumkwe : ǂāì

Tsintsabis : ǂāì

Leeunes : ǂīì

Cuito : ǂīì

Cuando : ǂīì

South Omatako : ǂāì

North Omatako : ǂāì

Kameeldoring : ǂāì

Lister : ǂàì

References : Dickens 298; Snyman 21; Snyman 1980: 9; Snyman 1997: 81.

RefLex number: 1977

Proto-Ju: *ǂoa

Tonal pattern: XX

Meaning: giraffe

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : ǂȍȁʰ (n2) // ǂȍȁʰ-ɳǀó-sì (n5) "'giraffe-skin grass', perennial grass sp.; ǂȍȁʰǀxʼã̀ũ̀ (n2) "tiger snake"

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): ǂwa

ǀǀAuǀǀen : ǂóa

!Kung (Lloyd) : ǂŏá ~ ǂóä ~ ǂwá

!Kung (Doke): ɡǂoà

!O!Kung (Snyman): ǂōa

Tsumkwe : ǂōa

Tsintsabis : ǂōa

Okongo : ǂōa

Leeunes : ǂōa

Mpunguvlei : ǂōa

Cuito : ǂōa

South Omatako : ǂōa

North Omatako : ǂōa

Kameeldoring : ǂōa

Lister : ǂōa

Various addenda: Passarge (ǀǀAuǀǀen): $toa.

References : Bleek 647, 663, 666, 689; Dickens 301; Snyman 24; Snyman 1980: 39; Snyman 1997: 82.

RefLex number: 2049

Proto-Ju: *ǂo-ǂo

Tonal pattern: XL [j]

Meaning: knife (factory-made)

Juǀʼhoan : ǂȍò-ǂȍò (n3 -si)

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): ǂʰoo-ǂʰoo "clasp knife"

!Kung (Lloyd) : ǂo-ǂo

!Kung (Doke): ǂo-ǂo

!Kung (Vedder): ɡǂôː-ɡǂoː

!Kung (Wilhelm): ǂoː-ǂoː

!O!Kung (Snyman): ǂo-ǂo

References : Bleek 648, 664; Dickens 302; Snyman 20; Snyman 1980: 42.

RefLex number: 2059