North Khoisan etymology : Query result

Proto-Ju: *ɳ!̯ŋ

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: eland

Juǀʼhoan : ɳ!àŋ (n2) // ɳ!àŋ-ɳǀǀàˤ (n5 -si) "herd of eland bulls"; ɳ!àŋ-cȁrò (n5 -si) "herd of eland"; ɳ!àŋ-cʼí (n5 -si) "eland-dance, eland-song"; (?) ɳ!àŋ-kárí-kárí (n2 -si) "buffalo weaver, Bubalornis albirostris"; (?) ɳ!àŋ-cù (n5 -si) "plant spp., Ocimum americanum, Hemizygia bracteosa"; (?) ɳ!àŋ-!ȁìhã̀ (n5 -si) "plant sp., Nesaea rigidula"

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): ɳ!eŋ

ǀǀAuǀǀen : !ni

!Kung (Lloyd) : ɳǀǀĩŋ

!Kung (Doke): ɳ!̯ã

!Kung (Weich): ɳǀǀaŋ

!O!Kung (Bleek) : ɳǀǀi

!O!Kung (Snyman): ɳǀǀàŋ

References : Bleek 478, 511, 619; Dickens 248; Snyman 3; Snyman 1980: 16; Weich 57.

RefLex number: 1143

Proto-Ju: *ɳ!ŋ

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: inside

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : ɳ!áŋ (n5 -si) // ɳ!áŋ-kʰòè (n5 -si) "insides (of a slaughtered animal)"

!Kung (Doke): !n̄

!Kung (Vedder): !n̂

!Kung (Weich): ɳ!aŋ

Ekoka : ɳ!ŋ́

References : Bleek 510; Dickens 248; KH 136; Weich 52.

RefLex number: 1142

Proto-Ju: *ɳ!o

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: morning

Juǀʼhoan : ɳ!ó (n5) // ɳ!ó-mà "in the morning"

!Kung (Vedder): ɳ!òe ɡǀom-a "early morning tomorrow"

References : Bleek 480; Dickens 252, 253.

RefLex number: 1212

Proto-Ju: *ɳ!õʔã

Tonal pattern: XL [j] ~ LL [e]

Meaning: to throw

Juǀʼhoan : ɳ!õ̏ʔã̀

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): ɳ!oʔã

ǀǀAuǀǀen : ɳ!wà

!Kung (Lloyd) : ɳ!õãˤ

!Kung (Doke): ɳ!ʔwaːŋ

!Kung (Vedder): !õa "to throw off"

!O!Kung (Bleek) : ɳ!wa

!O!Kung (Snyman): ɳ!òʔá

Kavango : ɳ!õʔã

Ekoka : ɳ!ùà-lā "throw away"

References : Bleek 479, 487, 489; Dickens 253; Heikkinen 1986; KH 136; Snyman 33; Snyman 1980: 52.

RefLex number: 1238

Proto-Ju: *ɳ!õʔã

Tonal pattern: XL [j] ~ LL [k]

Meaning: duiker fawn

Juǀʼhoan : ɳ!õ̏ʔã̀ (n2 -si)

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): ɳ!oʔã

Kavango : ɳ!õ̀ʔã̀

References : Dickens 253; Heikkinen 1986; Snyman 33.

RefLex number: 1239

Proto-Ju: *ɳ!oʔm

Tonal pattern: XX [j] ~ LL [k]

Meaning: to suck

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : ɳ!ȍʔm

!Kung (Doke): !nʔm_

Kavango : ɳ!òʔm-sȁŋ "drink by sucking through a straw"

References : Bleek 478; Dickens 253; Heikkinen 1986.

RefLex number: 1241

Proto-Ju: *ɳ!oʔo

Tonal pattern: XL [j] ~ LL [e]

Meaning: fast

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : ɳ!ȍʔò "to do fast" // (n5) "hurry, speed"; ɳ!ȍʔò-sí (n5) "speed"

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): ɳ!oʔo

!Kung (Doke): !nʔoː "quick"

!Kung (Weich): ɳ!oʔo

Kavango : ɳ!oʔo "hurry"

Ekoka : ɳ!òʔòá "quickly"

References : Bleek 479; Dickens 254; Heikkinen 1986; KH 136; Snyman 26; Weich 54.

RefLex number: 1242

Proto-Ju: *ɳ!̯oa

Meaning: reed

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

ǀǀAuǀǀen : !nwaː

!Kung (Lloyd) : ɳǀǀo̥á, ɳǀǀu̥á

Kavango : ɳǀǀõ̀ã

References : Bleek 487, 623; Heikkinen 1986.

RefLex number: 3135

Proto-Ju: *ɳ!õã

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: to swim

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : ɳ!õ̀ã̀ "to wade, walk in water"

!Kung (Weich): ɳǂõã "to dive"

!O!Kung (Bleek) : ɳ!ɔva "to row across, swim across" // ɳ!oba "to row"

!O!Kung (Snyman): ɳ!òaˤ "swim"

Kavango : ɳǂõ̏ã̏ "paddle"

Ekoka : ɳ!̯õ̀hã̏ "to float on water"

Mpunguvlei : ɳǂòaˤ

Cuito : ɳǂòaˤ

Cuando : ɳ!òaˤ

Notes : There may be two hopelessly contaminated roots here, given the "fluctuation" between the alveolar and palatal click and the lack/presence of glottalization in the vowel.

References : Bleek 480, 482; Dickens 252; KH 137; Snyman-Xu 52; Snyman 1997: 41; Weich 50.

RefLex number: 1214

Proto-Ju: *ɳ!obe (ʼɳ!-)

Tonal pattern: XL [j]

Meaning: wrongly, unjustly; to suspect, mistrust

Juǀʼhoan : ɳ!ȍbè "wrongly, accidentally, mistakenly; (vb.) suspect, mistrust, doubt, worry" // (n5 -si) "mistake, error"

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): ɳ!obe

Kavango : ʼɳ!ȍbé (W) ~ ɳ!ȍbé (E)

References : Dickens 252; Heikkinen 1986; Snyman 63.

RefLex number: 1216

Proto-Ju: *ɳ!oe (ʼɳ!-)

Tonal pattern: XL [j]

Meaning: small bag (made of duiker or steenbok skin), purse

Juǀʼhoan : ɳ!ȍè (n3 -si)

Kavango : ʼɳ!ȍè (W) ~ ɳ!oe (E)

Tsintsabis : ɳ!òé

Okongo : ɳ!òé

Leeunes : ɳ!ōè

Mpunguvlei : ɳ!ōè

Cuito : ɳ!ōè

References : Dickens 252; Heikkinen 1986; Snyman 1997: 85.

RefLex number: 1218

Proto-Ju: *ɳ!oˤm

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: anus, large intestine

Juǀʼhoan : ɳ!òˤm (n5 -si)

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): ɳ!oˤm

References : Dickens 253; Snyman 63.

RefLex number: 1233

Proto-Ju: *ɳ!oˤra

Meaning: to spread (a cooking fire)

Leeunes : ɳ!àˤnà (?)

Mpunguvlei : ɳ!òˤlá

Cuito : ɳ!òˤlà

Cuando : ɳ!òˤlà

References : Snyman 1997: 94.

RefLex number: 3082

Proto-Ju: *ɳ!oʰ

Tonal pattern: XX [j] ~ XX [k] ~ XX [e]

Meaning: Bushman orange, Strynchos cocculoides

Juǀʼhoan : ɳ!ȍʰ (n3 -si)

Kavango : ɳ!ȍ

Ekoka : ɳ!ȍ

Notes : Class 4.

References : Dickens 252; Heikkinen 1986; KH 136.

RefLex number: 1219

Proto-Ju: *ɳ!oʰ

Tonal pattern: XL [j]

Meaning: hump (of an eland etc.)

Juǀʼhoan : ɳ!ȍòʰ (n5 -si)

References : Dickens 253.

RefLex number: 1228

Proto-Ju: *ɳ!oʰ

Tonal pattern: XL [j]

Meaning: burrow (of springhares or other rodents)

Juǀʼhoan : ɳ!ȍòʰ (n4 -si)

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): ɳ!ʰoo

References : Dickens 253; Snyman 20.

RefLex number: 1229

Proto-Ju: *ɳ!o[-m]

Tonal pattern: XX [j]

Meaning: to fly

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : ɳ!ȍm // ɳ!ȍm-ȁ "to fly over (a village etc.)"

ǀǀAuǀǀen : ɳ!oːa

!Kung (Weich): ɳ!ãõh (?)

!O!Kung (Bleek) : ɳ!oa

References : Bleek 479; Dickens 252; Weich 53.

RefLex number: 1223

Proto-Ju: *ɳ!om

Tonal pattern: XX [j] ~ XX [k]

Meaning: sex, promiscuity

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : ɳ!ȍm (n5 -si) // ɳ!ȍm "to be lusty, be promiscuous"; ɳ!òm-xʼȁò (n1 -si) "promiscuous person"; (?) ɳ!òm-tȕìʰ (n5 -si) "interruption"

Kavango : ɳ!ȍm "commit adultery"

References : Dickens 252; Heikkinen 1986.

RefLex number: 1224

Proto-Ju: *ɳ!om (ʼɳ!-)

Tonal pattern: HH [j] ~ HH [k]

Meaning: ripe, cooked

Juǀʼhoan : ɳ!óm

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): ɳ!om

ǀǀAuǀǀen : ɳ!um "to cook"

!Kung (Lloyd) : ɳ!ùm

!Kung (Weich): ɳ!um "cooked" // ɳ!um-a "ripe"

!O!Kung (Bleek) : ɳ!um "to cook"

Kavango : ʼɳ!őm "ripen/become hot (iron)"

References : Bleek 484; Dickens 252; Heikkinen 1986; Snyman 46; Weich 54.

RefLex number: 1220

Proto-Ju: *ɳ!̯ɔʔɔbV

Tonal pattern: LH [j]

Meaning: leaf; to break into leaf

Juǀʼhoan : ɳ!ùʔúbú "to come into leaf" // (n5 -si) "leaf, cabbage"

ǀǀAuǀǀen : ɳ!obbusi "soft leaves"

!Kung (Lloyd) : !nʔóˤbbu, !nʔúbbu

!Kung (Doke): !nʔúbú

!Kung (Vedder): !ùwù

!O!Kung (Bleek) : ɡǀǀɔ̀ba ~ ɡǀǀɔ̀va (?)

References : Bleek 480, 483, 494; Dickens 254; Snyman 26.

RefLex number: 1257