North Khoisan etymology : Query result

Proto-Ju: *!auʰ

Tonal pattern: XL [j]

Meaning: basket

Juǀʼhoan : !ȁùʰ (n3 -si)

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): !ʰeu

!O!Kung (Bleek) : ɡ!àù

References : Bleek 378; Dickens 312; Snyman 70.

RefLex number: 2260

Proto-Ju: *he

Tonal pattern: LL [j] ~ MM [e]

Meaning: this

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : hè

Ekoka : ē

Tsumkwe : hè

Tsintsabis : è

Okongo : è

Leeunes : è

Mpunguvlei : e

Cuito : e

Cuando : è

South Omatako : e

North Omatako : he

Kameeldoring : e

Lister : he

References : Dickens 218; KH 129; Snyman 1997: 52.

RefLex number: 629

Proto-Ju: *!̯e [pl. *!̯ao]

Tonal pattern: HH [j] - LL [j]

Meaning: to die

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : !áí, pl. !àò // !áí-sì, pl. !àò-sì (n5) "corpse"; !áí-sí (n5 -si) "death, place of death"; !àò-à-šé-sì (n1) "bodies, sick people"

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): !ei

ǀǀAuǀǀen : ǂéː ~ ǂéí ~ ǂí ~ !eː ~ !eːi, pl. ǂau

!Kung (Lloyd) : !̯à ~ ǀǀé ~ ǀǀè, pl. !̯áo ~ ǀǀau

!Kung (Doke): !̯ai

!O!Kung (Bleek) : ǀǀe, pl. ǀǀau

!O!Kung (Snyman): ǀǀái

Kavango : ǀǀáo (pl.)

Notes : Strange choice of the palatal click in ǀǀAuǀǀen.

References : Bleek 419, 470, 506, 561, 566, 658, 662; Dickens 309, 310, 311; Heikkinen 1986; Snyman 21; Snyman 1980: 36.

RefLex number: 2213

Proto-Ju: *!ʼã

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: to go up, climb

Juǀʼhoan : !ʼã̀ "to go up (to), climb, go up" // !ʼã̀-ã̀ "to catch up to, go up to"; !ʼã̀-!ʼã̀ "to go up higher and higher"

References : Dickens 322.

RefLex number: 2446

Proto-Ju: *!̯ʼã

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: hungry

Juǀʼhoan : !ʼã́ // (?) !ʼã́ (n5 -si) "old and worn out (usually second element in a compound)"

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): !ʼaa

!Kung (Doke): !̯ʼaː

References : Bleek 505; Dickens 321; Snyman 19.

RefLex number: 2458

Proto-Ju: *!ʼam

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: to put together, assemble, screw on

Juǀʼhoan : !ʼàm // !ʼàm-à "to put in, insert"; !ʼàm-à kʰòè "to join, assemble, be assembled"

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): !ʼem

Tsumkwe : !ʼàm

Tsintsabis : !ʼàm

Okongo : !ʼàm

Leeunes : !ʼàm

Mpunguvlei : !ʼàm

Cuito : !ʼàm

Cuando : !ʼàm

South Omatako : !ʼàm

North Omatako : !ʼàm

Kameeldoring : !ʼàm

Lister : !ʼàm

References : Dickens 321; Snyman 17; Snyman 1997: 95.

RefLex number: 2455

Proto-Ju: *!ʼam

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: to grow, get big

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : !ʼàm // !ʼàm-sí (n5 -si) "age (of a living thing)"

ǀǀAuǀǀen : !aːm

References : Bleek 370; Dickens 321.

RefLex number: 2456

Proto-Ju: *!ʼam

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: beadwork

Juǀʼhoan : !ʼàm (n4)

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): !ʼem

ǀǀAuǀǀen : !am

Kameeldoring : !ʼàm̀ḿ

Lister : !ʼàm

Various addenda: Passarge (ǀǀAuǀǀen): $am.

References : Bleek 370, 687; Dickens 321; Snyman 54; Snyman 1997: 44.

RefLex number: 2457

Proto-Ju: *!ʼam

Meaning: to greet

Mpunguvlei : !ʼám

Cuito : !ʼám

Cuando : !ʼám

References : Snyman 1997: 56.

RefLex number: 3121

Proto-Ju: *!ʼana

Meaning: to crack

Mpunguvlei : !ʼàná

Cuito : !ʼàná

Cuando : !ʼàná

References : Snyman 1997: 94.

RefLex number: 3081

Proto-Ju: *!ʼao

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: to fear, respect, be afraid of

Juǀʼhoan : !ʼàò // (?) !ʼáó-!ʼàò "to tease, mock"

ǀǀAuǀǀen : ǂàù

Notes : If not borrowed from Central Khoisan.

References : Bleek 642, Dickens 322.

RefLex number: 2462

Proto-Ju: *!ʼaro

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: notch

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : !ʼàrò (n5 -si) // !ʼàrò "to make a notch"

Tsumkwe : !ʼàrò

Tsintsabis : !ʼàrè

Okongo : !òrà ǀǀūm (?)

North Omatako : !ʼàrò

Kameeldoring : !ʼàrò

References : Dickens 322; Snyman 1997: 95.

RefLex number: 2464

Proto-Ju: *!ʼau

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: to call

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : !ʼàù "to call, shout (to), cry (of birds, jackals etc.), roar (of lions etc.)" // (n5 -si) "call, shout"; !ʼàù-sí (n5 -si) "calling, shouting"

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): !ʼeu

!Kung (Lloyd) : !aù

!O!Kung (Bleek) : !au

!O!Kung (Snyman): !ʼáu

Tsumkwe : !ʼàu

Tsintsabis : !ʼàu

Okongo : !ʼàu

Leeunes : !ʼàú

Mpunguvlei : !ʼàú

Cuito : !ʼàú

Cuando : !ʼàú

South Omatako : !ʼàú

North Omatako : !ʼàu

Kameeldoring : !ʼàú

Lister : !ʼáu

References : Bleek 372, 411; Dickens 322; Snyman 54; Snyman 1980: 10; Snyman 1997: 96.

RefLex number: 2466

Proto-Ju: *!ʼʰa

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: to scrape open (the coals of a fire)

Juǀʼhoan : !ʼʰà

Tsumkwe : !ʼʰà

Tsintsabis : ǂʼʰà (?)

Cuando : !ʼʰà ~ !ʰà

Kameeldoring : !ʼʰà

Lister : !ʼʰà

References : Dickens 322; Snyman 1997: 94.

RefLex number: 2470

Proto-Ju: *!ʼʰã

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: to know

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : !ʼʰã̀

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): !ʼʰã

ǀǀAuǀǀen : !ʼʰã̄

!Kung (Lloyd) : !ʼʰã ~ !ʰã́

!Kung (Doke): !̯ʼʰã

!Kung (Vedder): !ʼʰãː

!O!Kung (Snyman): ɡǀǀāŋ

Tsumkwe : !ʼʰã

Tsintsabis : !ʼʰã

Leeunes : !ʼʰã

South Omatako : !ʼʰã

North Omatako : !ʼʰã

Kameeldoring : !ʼʰã

Lister : !ʼʰã

References : Bleek 393, 423, 506, 640; Dickens 323; Snyman 28; Snyman 1980: 42; Snyman 1997: 94.

RefLex number: 2486

Proto-Ju: *!ʼʰã

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: pit, well

Juǀʼhoan : !ʼʰã̀ (n3 -si)

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): !ʼʰã

Tsumkwe : !ʼʰã̀

Tsintsabis : !ʼʰã́

Okongo : !ʼʰã́

Leeunes : !ʼʰã̀

Mpunguvlei : !ʼʰã̀

Cuito : !ʼʰã̀

Cuando : !ʼʰã̀

South Omatako : !ʼʰã̀

North Omatako : !ʼʰã̀

Kameeldoring : !ʼʰã̀

Lister : !ʼʰã̀

References : Dickens 323; Snyman 56; Snyman 1997: 94.

RefLex number: 2487

Proto-Ju: *!ʼʰã ~ *!ʼʰara

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: to gape, open (the mouth)

Juǀʼhoan : !ʼʰã̋

!O!Kung (Snyman): !ʼʰã̇

Tsumkwe : !ʼʰàrà

Tsintsabis : !ʼʰàlà

Okongo : !ʼʰàrà

Leeunes : !ʼʰàlà

Mpunguvlei : !ʼʰàlà

Cuito : !ʼʰàlà

Cuando : !ʼʰàlà

South Omatako : !ʼʰàlà

North Omatako : !ʼʰàlà

Kameeldoring : !ʼʰã̀

Lister : !ʼʰã̀

References : Dickens 323; Snyman 1997: 94.

RefLex number: 2484

Proto-Ju: *!̯ʼʰai

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: hare

Juǀʼhoan : !ʼʰáí (n2)

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): !ʼʰei

!Kung (Lloyd) : !̯ʼʰi ~ !̯iː ~ !̯ʼʰì ~ ǀǀʰĭ́

!O!Kung (Bleek) : ǀǀʼʰí ~ ǀǀʼʰáí

!O!Kung (Snyman): ǀǀʼʰái

Tsumkwe : !ʼʰái

Tsintsabis : ǀǀʼʰái

Leeunes : !̯ʼʰái

Cuito : ǀǀʼʰai

Cuando : ǀǀʰa

South Omatako : !ʼʰái

North Omatako : !ʼʰái

Kameeldoring : !ʼʰái

Lister : !ʼʰái

References : Bleek 470, 506, 542; Dickens 323; Snyman 56; Snyman 1980: 16; Snyman 1997: 93.

RefLex number: 2477

Proto-Ju: *!ʼʰau

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: hyaena

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : !ʼʰáú (n2) "brown hyaena"

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): !ʼʰeu

ǀǀAuǀǀen : !áú "spotted hyaena"

!O!Kung (Bleek) : !ʼãũ "spotted hyaena"

Various addenda: Shortridge (ǀǀAuǀǀen): !ʼʰau.

References : Bleek 396, 412; Dickens 323; Snyman 56.

RefLex number: 2492

Proto-Ju: *!ʼʰõã

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: calabash

Juǀʼhoan : !ʼʰõ̀ã̀ (n3 -si)

!Kung (Lloyd) : !hõã́ˤ

!O!Kung (Bleek) : !wã "big calabash"

Notes : Cf. also: !Kung ɳ!̯oː "calabash container" (Dk.), !O!Kung !ʰwa, ɳ!wa (?), ǀǀɔo, ǀǀʼa "calabash".

References : Bleek 431, 458, 487, 511, 547, 587; Dickens 323.

RefLex number: 2496