North Khoisan etymology : Query result

Proto-Ju: *!ʼʰom

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: leopard

Juǀʼhoan : !ʼʰòm (n2) // (?) !ʼʰòm-kò-!xã́ṍ (n3) "flowering thorn-producing plant sp."; (?) !ʼʰòm-zõ̏ã̀-zõ̏ã̀ (n2 -si) "fly sp."

ǀǀAuǀǀen : !ʼʰum ~ !ʼum

!Kung (Lloyd) : !umm "an animal"

!Kung (Doke): !um

!O!Kung (Bleek) : !ʼʰḿ ~ !um

Mpunguvlei : !ʼʰòm "spotted"

Cuito : !ʼʰòm "spotted"

Cuando : !ʼʰòm "spotted"

References : Bleek 397, 399, 452; Dickens 324; Snyman 1997: 50.

RefLex number: 2504

Proto-Ju: *!̯ʼʰom

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: ankle

Juǀʼhoan : !ʼʰòm (n5 -si)

ǀǀAuǀǀen : !úḿ ciː-si "ankle" // if not to *!̯óm "leg"

!Kung (Lloyd) : ǀǀʼʰuḿm ~ ǀǀʰum̄m̄

!O!Kung (Bleek) : ǀǀum

Kavango : ǀǀʼʰóm̋

References : Bleek 452, 543, 578, 628; Dickens 323-4; Heikkinen 1986.

RefLex number: 2503

Proto-Ju: *!ʼŋ

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: to pierce, prick, inject

Juǀʼhoan : !ʼa̋ŋ // !ʼáŋ-ɡǂxʼám "to have aches and pains"; !ʼàŋ-tàmà (n5 -si) "illness"

References : Dickens 322.

RefLex number: 2460

Proto-Ju: *!ʼŋ

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: to deceive, trick, test

Juǀʼhoan : !ʼàŋ // (n5) "deceit, trick, prank"

References : Dickens 322.

RefLex number: 2461

Proto-Ju: *!ʼŋ

Meaning: difficult

Mpunguvlei : !àǹʔńg

Cuito : !àng

Cuando : !àng

References : Snyman 1997: 44.

RefLex number: 3131

Proto-Ju: *!ʼo

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: back

Juǀʼhoan : !ʼó (n5 -si) // !ʼó-ɳ!áŋ (n5 -si) "behind, at the back of"; !ʼó-!ʰá (n5 -si) "back meat"; !ʼó=!óbé ~ !ʼó=!úmí (n5 -si) "vertebra"

ǀǀAuǀǀen : !ɔː

!Kung (Lloyd) : !o

!Kung (Vedder): !ʼò

!O!Kung (Bleek) : !ʼo

Tsumkwe : !ʼó

Tsintsabis : !ʼó

Okongo : !ʼó

Leeunes : !ʼó

Mpunguvlei : !ʼó

Cuito : !ʼó

Cuando : !ʼó

South Omatako : !ʼó

North Omatako : !ʼó

Kameeldoring : !ʼó

Lister : !ʼó

References : Bleek 436, 489; Dickens 324; Snyman 1997: 96.

RefLex number: 2517

Proto-Ju: *!ʼo

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: to close, lock

Juǀʼhoan : !ʼò

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): !ʼo

!Kung (Vedder): ɡ!oː

!Kung (Wilhelm): ɡ!oː

References : Bleek 382; Dickens 324; Snyman 18.

RefLex number: 2519

Proto-Ju: *!ʼõã

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: poison

Juǀʼhoan : !ʼṍã́ (n2) // !ʼṍã́-čʼù (n5 -si) "cocoon of a poisonous pupa which is used for arrow-poison"

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): !ʼwã

ǀǀAuǀǀen : !õa

Nogau : !óa ~ !o

References : Bleek 489, 490; Dickens 324; Snyman 32.

RefLex number: 2522

Proto-Ju: *!ʼõã

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: to yawn

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : !ʼõ̀ã̀ (n3 -si) "yawn"

ǀǀAuǀǀen : !ʼõã

!Kung (Lloyd) : !õä̃

!Kung (Doke): !õã

Kavango : ʔm̋-!ʼȍã

Ekoka : ḿ !ʼũ̀ã̀

Notes : Honken (!Kung): !ʼòã.

References : Bleek 437, 490; Dickens 324; Heikkinen 1986; Honken 1998: 176; KH: 44.

RefLex number: 2523

Proto-Ju: *!̯ʼõã

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: to kill, murder (pl. action)

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : !ʼṍã́ // !ʼṍã́-xʼàò (n1 -si) "murderer (of many)"

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): !ʼwã

ǀǀAuǀǀen : ǀǀʼoã

!Kung (Lloyd) : ǀǀŏä́ ~ ǀǀŏ́aː ~ ǀǀwã̀ ~ ǀǀwã́ː

References : Bleek 582, 595, 624, 629; Dickens 324; Snyman 125.

RefLex number: 2521

Proto-Ju: *!ʼobe

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: to be curled back, curled up

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : !ʼòbè

Tsumkwe : !ʼòbè

Tsintsabis : !ʼòbé

Okongo : !ʼòbé

Leeunes : !ʼòbè

South Omatako : !ʼòbè

North Omatako : !ʼòbè

Kameeldoring : !ʼòbè

Lister : !ʼòbè

References : Dickens 324; Snyman 1997: 96.

RefLex number: 2526

Proto-Ju: *!̯ʼom

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: porcupine

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : !ʼóm (n2) // !ʼóm-!ʰú (n5 -si) "porcupine quill", (n3) "game played with porcupine quills"; (?) !ʼóm-kò-ɡ!xã̏ũ̏ (n3 -si) "plant spp., Patamenes zambesiacus, Gladiolus psittacinus"

ǀǀAuǀǀen : !ʼuːm

!Kung (Lloyd) : ǀǀŭmm̀ ~ ǀǀʼum̀ ~ ǀǀʼum̀m ~ ǀǀʼuḿm

!O!Kung (Snyman): ǀǀʼòm

Kavango : ǀǀʼőm

Various addenda: Passarge (ǀǀAuǀǀen): $kum. Shortridge (ǀǀAuǀǀen): !ʼom. Shortridge (!Kung): !ʼom.

References : Bleek 491, 493, 592, 628, 689; Dickens 324; Heikkinen 1986; Snyman 1980: 16.

RefLex number: 2527

Proto-Ju: *!ʼu

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: bone

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : !ʼú (n5 -si) // !ʼú-kópì (n3 -si) "cup (made from china)"; !ʼú-čʰì-à ~ !ʼú-ǀǀxáí (n5 -si) "bone-tipped arrow"; !ʼú-cʼí-á (n5 -si) "joint (of the limbs)"

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): !ʼu

ǀǀAuǀǀen : !ʼúː

Nogau : ŭ ~ ǂŭ

!Kung (Lloyd) : !u

!Kung (Doke): !ʼuː

!Kung (Vedder): !ʼúː

!O!Kung (Bleek) : !ʼu ~ !ʼo

!O!Kung (Snyman): !ʼú

References : Bleek 247, 448, 492, 676; Dickens 325; Snyman 54; Snyman 1980: 10.

RefLex number: 2536

Proto-Ju: *!̯ʼũ

Tonal pattern: LL [j] ~ LL [k] ~ LL [e]

Meaning: to dream

Juǀʼhoan : !ʼũ̀

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): !ʼõ

Kavango : ǀǀʼũ

Ekoka : ǀǀʼũ̀

References : Dickens 326; Heikkinen 1986; KH 106; Snyman 28.

RefLex number: 2549

Proto-Ju: *!ʼubi

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: cheekbone

Juǀʼhoan : !ʼúbí-xʼáí (n5 -si)

ǀǀAuǀǀen : ǂʼɔbi ǀǀeːsi

References : Bleek 675.

RefLex number: 2540

Proto-Ju: *!ʼũĩ

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: to take care of

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : !ʼṹĩ́ // !ʼṹĩ́-ã́ "to take care of, look after, protect (against)"; !ʼṹĩ́-sí (n5 -si) "attentiveness, care"

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): !ʼõĩ "herd, look after"

!Kung (Lloyd) : !wĩ̀

References : Bleek 466; Dickens 325; Snyman 24, 31.

RefLex number: 2544

Proto-Ju: *!gui (?)

Meaning: to turn the head

ǀǀAuǀǀen : !gwiːa

References : Bleek 393.

RefLex number: 3158

Proto-Ju: *!ʼui-a

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: evening, afternoon

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : !ʼúí-á "late afternoon, early evening"

Nogau : a ka uy

!Kung (Lloyd) : !wĭ "afternoon, evening"

!Kung (Wilhelm): !ʼúiˤ

!O!Kung (Snyman): !ʼùi

References : Bleek 7, 467, 493; Dickens 325; Snyman 1980: 31.

RefLex number: 2543

Proto-Ju: *!̯ʰa

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: meat, flesh

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : !ʰá (n5 -si) "game, animal, meat, flesh" // !ʰá-mà, pl. !ʰá-mʰí (n5) "animal"; !ʰà-xʼàò (n1 -si) "hunter"; !ʰá-xʼòà (n5 -si) "meat pot", etc.

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): !ʰa

ǀǀAuǀǀen : !á ~ !ʰaː ~ ǀǀáː ~ ǂa

Nogau : ǀǀʰa

!Kung (Lloyd) : !̯ʰắ ~ ǀǀʰá ~ ǀǀʰà ~ ǀǀʰá-ssiŋ ~ ǀǀă ~ ǀǀá-ssiŋ

!Kung (Doke): !̯ʰá ~ ǀǀaː

!O!Kung (Bleek) : ǀǀʰa ~ ǀǀa

!O!Kung (Snyman): ǀǀʰá

Kavango : ǀǀʰá

Tsumkwe : !ʼʰá

Tsintsabis : ǀǀʼʰá

Okongo : ǀǀʼʰá

Leeunes : !̯ʼʰá

Mpunguvlei : ǀǀʼʰà ~ ǀǀʼʰài

Cuito : ǀǀʼʰà ~ ǀǀʼʰài

Cuando : ǀǀʰà

South Omatako : !ʼʰá

North Omatako : !ʼʰá

Kameeldoring : !ʼʰá

Lister : !ʼʰàa

References : Bleek 402, 423, 470, 546, 572, 654; Dickens 312; Heikkinen 1986; Snyman 56; Snyman 1980: 44; Snyman 1997: 93.

RefLex number: 2271

Proto-Ju: *!ʰabi

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: wife

Juǀʼhoan : !ʰábí (n1 -si)

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): !ʰebi

References : Dickens 312; Snyman 56.

RefLex number: 2272