North Khoisan etymology : Query result

Proto-Ju: *šã

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: to rest

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : šã́ // šã́-šã́ "let someone rest, relieve someone temporarily of their load during a journey"; šã́-sí / (n3 -si) "resting place"; šã́-ǀámà / (n5 -si) "holiday"; šã́-ǀǀxʼáé "be equipped, be well dressed"

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): šã

!Kung (Doke): šã

!Kung (Vedder): šã̄

!Kung (Wilhelm): šaː

!Kung (Weich): šã

Tsumkwe : šã́

Tsintsabis : šã́

Okongo : čʰã́

Leeunes : šã́

Mpunguvlei : cʰã́

Cuito : sã́

Cuando : šã́

South Omatako : šʰã́

North Omatako : čʰã́

Kameeldoring : šʰã́

Lister : sã́

References : Bleek 161, 177; Dickens 191; Snyman 28; Snyman 1997: 74; Weich 5.

RefLex number: 71

Proto-Ju: *šani

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: to rub one's palms against each other; rub something between one's palms

Juǀʼhoan : šã̀ĩ̀-šànì ~ šĩ̀ː-šìnì

!Kung (Lloyd) : šašánī ~ šĕnšĕ́ni

Tsumkwe : šĩ́išini

Tsintsabis : šĩ́išànì

Okongo : šã́išànì

Leeunes : šìĩ́šànì

Mpunguvlei : šĩ̀ĩ́sànì

Cuando : šīĩsànì

South Omatako : šʰàšʰànì

North Omatako : šʰìšʰìnì

Kameeldoring : šiišànì

Lister : sìʔisànì

References : Bleek 178, 179; Dickens 191, 192; Snyman 1997: 74.

RefLex number: 68

Proto-Ju: *šʰiˤŋ

Tonal pattern: LL [j] ~ LL [k] ~ ML [e]

Meaning: fat (to be)

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : šĩ̀ ~ čĩ̀

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): čʰĩ

ǀǀAuǀǀen : čĩ̄

!Kung (Lloyd) : čʰaˤŋ́ ~ cʰaˤŋ́ ~ ʒʰáˤŋ ~ zʰaŋ

!Kung (Doke): šaːŋ

!Kung (Vedder): ʒãŋ

!O!Kung (Bleek) : čĩ

!O!Kung (Snyman): čàŋ

Kavango : càŋ

Ekoka : čāŋ́ "fat" // čāŋ̀ "be fat"

Tsumkwe : čʰĩ̀

Tsintsabis : čìŋ

Okongo : čàŋ

Leeunes : čīŋ

Mpunguvlei : čiŋ ~ čàŋ

Cuito : čiŋ ~ čàŋ

Cuando : čiŋ ~ čàŋ

South Omatako : šàˤŋ

North Omatako : čàŋ

Kameeldoring : šaˤŋ

Lister : čʰĩ

Notes : Initial šʰ- is tentatively reconstructed based on such features as variation š-/č-/čʰ- in various sub-dialects of Juǀhoan and irregular loss of affricate articulation in Kameeldoring.

References : Bleek 32, 178, 225, 229, 265; Dickens 192, 269; Heikkinen 1986; KH 138; Snyman 27; Snyman 1980: 7; Snyman 1997: 72.

RefLex number: 81

Proto-Ju: *šoe

Tonal pattern: LL [j]

Meaning: to take out, remove, take off (clothes) (pl. action)

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : šòè

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): šwe

ǀǀAuǀǀen : šweː

!Kung (Lloyd) : šwé

!Kung (Weich): šoe "undress"

!O!Kung (Bleek) : šwɛ

Kavango : to=soe "choose"

Ekoka : to=(š)wè "pick out, separate seeds"

Tsintsabis : šòe

Okongo : šòe

Leeunes : šoe

Mpunguvlei : šoe

Cuito : šoe

References : Bleek 183; Dickens 192; Heikkinen 1986; KH 69; Snyman 23; Snyman 1997: 69; Weich 5.

RefLex number: 85

Proto-Ju: *šoˤʔo ~ *šõˤʔã

Tonal pattern: XL [j] ~ XL [k] ~ HH [e] ~ VAR [Sn.]

Meaning: lungs

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : čȍˤʔò (n5 -si)

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): čȍˤʔò

ǀǀAuǀǀen : čo

!Kung (Lloyd) : soã̀ ~ sóã ~ sːwã́ // co̯ã́ ~ cːoaˤ ~ cu̯ã̀ "chest, breast"

!Kung (Doke): sũʔã ~ swã̄

!Kung (Vedder): sõ̀a // ʒõa "breast"

!Kung (Wilhelm): ʒoa "breast"

!O!Kung (Bleek) : šõi ~ čo // tʼoa ǀʼoŋ "chest" (B¹)

Kavango : tsʼȁnà

Ekoka : šŋ́

Tsumkwe : cōˤʔò

Tsintsabis : soʔã

Okongo : čànà

Leeunes : šōʔò

Mpunguvlei : cànà

Cuito : šõʔá

Cuando : šõʔá ~ čõʔà

South Omatako : čʼò

North Omatako : čòˤʔó

Kameeldoring : čʼò

Lister : còˤʔó

Notes : Class 4. A good NK root with external parallels. The original form presents difficulties because of the root's non-trivial structure (initial fricative + pharyngealized vowel + glottal stop, prone to all kinds of rare developments; many of the dialects also seem to have only preserved the root in a suffixal form, *čoˤʔo + *-ã). The tonal structure seems to have been XL, but modified to XH where the *-ã suffix is present.

References : Bleek 31, 171, 173, 175, 181, 222, 232; Bleek 1929: 28; Dickens 270; Heikkinen 1986; KH 128; Snyman 26; Snyman 1997: 71.

RefLex number: 1495

nkhet-tonal,nkhet-meaning,nkhet-juh,nkhet-refer,nkhet-reflex,nkhet-tonal,nkhet-meaning,nkhet-prnum,nkhet-juh,nkhet-juh_sn,nkhet-dkk,nkhet-vdd,nkhet-wlh,nkhet-wei,nkhet-tsu,nkhet-tsi,nkhet-oko,nkhet-lee,nkhet-mpu,nkhet-cui,nkhet-cua,nkhet-oms,nkhet-omn,nkhet-kam,nkhet-lis,nkhet-refer,nkhet-reflex,nkhet-tonal,nkhet-meaning,nkhet-juh,nkhet-refer,nkhet-reflex,nkhet-tonal,nkhet-meaning,nkhet-juh,nkhet-refer,nkhet-reflex,nkhet-tonal,nkhet-meaning,nkhet-juh,nkhet-refer,nkhet-reflex,nkhet-tonal,nkhet-meaning,nkhet-prnum,nkhet-juh,nkhet-refer,nkhet-reflex,nkhet-tonal,nkhet-meaning,nkhet-prnum,nkhet-juh,nkhet-refer,nkhet-reflex,nkhet-tonal,nkhet-meaning,nkhet-juh,nkhet-refer,nkhet-reflex,nkhet-tonal,nkhet-meaning,nkhet-juh,nkhet-kng,nkhet-tsu,nkhet-tsi,nkhet-oko,nkhet-lee,nkhet-mpu,nkhet-cua,nkhet-oms,nkhet-omn,nkhet-kam,nkhet-lis,nkhet-refer,nkhet-reflex,nkhet-tonal,nkhet-meaning,nkhet-prnum,nkhet-juh,nkhet-juh_sn,nkhet-osn,nkhet-refer,nkhet-reflex,nkhet-tonal,nkhet-meaning,nkhet-juh,nkhet-refer,nkhet-reflex,nkhet-tonal,nkhet-meaning,nkhet-juh,nkhet-refer,nkhet-reflex,nkhet-tonal,nkhet-meaning,nkhet-juh,nkhet-notes,nkhet-refer,nkhet-reflex,nkhet-tonal,nkhet-meaning,nkhet-juh,nkhet-juh_sn,nkhet-aue,nkhet-kng,nkhet-dkk,nkhet-vdd,nkhet-wlh,nkhet-refer,nkhet-reflex,nkhet-meaning,nkhet-vdd,nkhet-osn,nkhet-kvn,nkhet-refer,nkhet-reflex,nkhet-tonal,nkhet-meaning,nkhet-prnum,nkhet-juh,nkhet-juh_sn,nkhet-aue,nkhet-kng,nkhet-dkk,nkhet-vdd,nkhet-okn,nkhet-osn,nkhet-kvn,nkhet-ekk,nkhet-tsu,nkhet-tsi,nkhet-oko,nkhet-lee,nkhet-mpu,nkhet-cui,nkhet-cua,nkhet-oms,nkhet-omn,nkhet-kam,nkhet-lis,nkhet-notes,nkhet-refer,nkhet-reflex,nkhet-tonal,nkhet-meaning,nkhet-juh,nkhet-refer,nkhet-reflex,nkhet-tonal,nkhet-meaning,nkhet-prnum,nkhet-juh,nkhet-juh_sn,nkhet-aue,nkhet-kng,nkhet-wei,nkhet-okn,nkhet-kvn,nkhet-ekk,nkhet-tsi,nkhet-oko,nkhet-lee,nkhet-mpu,nkhet-cui,nkhet-refer,nkhet-reflex,nkhet-tonal,nkhet-meaning,nkhet-prnum,nkhet-juh,nkhet-juh_sn,nkhet-aue,nkhet-kng,nkhet-dkk,nkhet-vdd,nkhet-wlh,nkhet-okn,nkhet-kvn,nkhet-ekk,nkhet-tsu,nkhet-tsi,nkhet-oko,nkhet-lee,nkhet-mpu,nkhet-cui,nkhet-cua,nkhet-oms,nkhet-omn,nkhet-kam,nkhet-lis,nkhet-notes,nkhet-refer,nkhet-reflex,nkhet-tonal,nkhet-meaning,nkhet-juh,nkhet-refer,nkhet-reflex,