South Khoisan (!Wi subgroup) etymology : Query result

Proto-!Wi : *ʘxu

Meaning : to swim

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

|Xam : ʘxū (B.)

References : Bleek 686.

Proto-!Wi : *ɳǂa

Meaning : to kick

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

|Xam : ǂnạ̄́, ǂnạ̄́ạ̈̆̀ "to dance (of horse)" (Ll.)

//Ng : ǂnaa

#Khomani : ǂnā (Mg.)

//Kxau : ǂna

References : Bleek 669; Maingard 245.

Proto-!Wi : *ɳǂa (?)

Meaning : mouth

|Haasi : nǂa

References : Story 21.

Proto-!Wi : *ɳǂu

Stems : *ɳǂu-e; *ɳǂu-i; *ɳǂu-ĩdu

Meaning : ear

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

|Xam : ǂnuiñtu, ||no-ĩgtu (B. early); !nuntu, pl. !nu!nuṅtukǝn (B.); !núntu, !nun̄tu, pl. !nŭ!núntu (Ll.)

//Ng : !nwē, !nwēntu, !nūntu

N|huki : ɳǂui-si

#Khomani : ǂŋui, ǂŋui=si (Mg.)

//Kxau : !nu̯ẹ̄ntu

//Ku//e : de "ears" (?)

//Xegwi (Batwa) : ʒwe; Łwĩĩ (LH)

|Auni : ǂnui

|Haasi : ǂnaam "ears"

|Nusan : !nudu, pl. !nundu

References : Bleek 23, 483, 485, 487, 488, 620, 669, 674; Bleek 1929: 35; LHa 103; Maingard 241; Meinhof 1929: 187; NFn.

Proto-!Wi : *ɳǂua

Meaning : to stick fast to

|Xam : ǂnu̥áttǝn (B.), ǂnu̥àttǝn (Ll.)

References : Bleek 675.

Proto-!Wi : *ɳǂua

Meaning : to take

|Xam : ǂnu̥ā (Ll.)

References : Bleek 674.

Proto-!Wi : *ɳǂUa̰

Stems : *ǂnUa̰[-re]

Meaning : to roll

|Xam : ǂnwạ́rre (Ll.)

References : Bleek 674-5.

Proto-!Wi : *ɳǂuai

Meaning : to scratch apart

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

|Xam : ǂnu̥ā́ī (Ll.)

References : Bleek 674.

Proto-!Wi : *ɳǂuãĩ

Meaning : to contradict, disobey, disbelieve

|Xam : ǂnwã̄ī (Ll.)

References : Bleek 674.

Proto-!Wi : *ɳǂua(^ŋ)

Meaning : mierkat

#Khomani : ǂŋwã (Dk.)

|Auni : ǂnwaa

References : Bleek 674.

Proto-!Wi : *ɳǂ₁hV-n

Meaning : navel

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

|Xam : !ạ̄́ï (B.); !u̥hạ́in, !u̥hạ̄ī́n, !hạ̄̂īn, !hạ̄́īn (Ll.)

//Ng : !neiŋ

N|huki : ɳǂo̰enću, (ka) ɳǂo̰ĩću

References : Bleek 369, 394, 477, 494; NFn.

Proto-!Wi : *ɳǂ₂U

Stems : *ɳǂ₂U-a

Meaning : foot; spoor, track

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

|Xam : !noá, !no̥á, emph. !noáṅ, pl. !nóa!nóa (B.); !nwă (Ll.)

//Ng : ||na, ||nāxu

#Khomani : ṅaxuṅ, ṅaxu-si "leg"

|Haasi : ǂy^ŋ "finger", ka ǂny "fingernail" (= !Xóõ |kxʔàa ǂnù^ŋ "front hoof, paw")

|Nusan : !nũ "foot, footprint"

References : Bleek 479, 483, 485, 487, 612, 617, 619, 622; Meinhof 1929: 184.

Proto-!Wi : *ɳʘU

Stems : *ɳʘú-ẽ

Meaning : louse

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

|Xam : ʘmu̥iṅ (B., Ll.); ʘmoë́n (B.)

//Ng : ʘmoinja

N|huki : mʘui, mʘoe

//Xegwi (Batwa) : ʘŋe-zi (LH)

References : Bleek 683; \X<1.144>NFn\x.

Proto-!Wi : *ɳ!a

Meaning : winter, year

|Xam : !nā (B., Ll.)

//Ng : !nā

References : Bleek 471.

Proto-!Wi : *ɳ!a̰ma

Meaning : Cape fox

N|huki : ɳ!a̰ma, ɳǂama, ɳǂa̰ma

References : NFn.

Proto-!Wi : *ɳ!ai (*ǂ-)

Meaning : big, many

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

//Ng : !nai, !na̰i, !nã̰ĩ "big, many"; !nē, !nẽ̄ "to be many, big"

N|huki : ǂnãĩ "big" (?); ǂãĩ si "many"

#Khomani : !naitjukwe "old man" (Mg.)

//Kxau : !nai "big", !nai⁺n̥⁺ "many"

Notes : The N|huki forms with ǂ- look positively related to the respective ||Ng forms in Bleek 1956, and the ! - ǂ correspondence between Bleek's ||Ng and N|huki is quite usual. However, Maingard's ǂKhomani and Meinhof's ||Kxau also have !-, despite usually representing the palatal click ǂ- adequately (cf. "dog", etc.). External data also points against ǂ-. Since the N|huki forms are only attested in the speech of one informant, they could be incorrect or reflect some particularities of that idiolect.

References : Bleek 472, 473, 477; NFn; Meinhof 1929: 185, 188.

Proto-!Wi : *ɳ!ãũ

Meaning : red sky at dawn

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

|Xam : !naū^ŋ, !nauṅ, !nắu (B.), !nāū, !nāū^ŋ (Ll.)

//Ng : !nau "day, dawn"

References : Bleek 475.

Proto-!Wi : *ɳ!ãũ

Meaning : hare

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

|Xam : !nãũ, !nāū (B.), !năũ (Ll.)

//Ng : !nau

N|huki : ɳ!ǝo, ka ɳ!ǝu

#Khomani : !ŋãũ (Mg.), !ŋo (Dk.)

References : Bleek 475, 479; Maingard 243; NFn.

Proto-!Wi : *ɳ!oa

Meaning : reed; arrow

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

|Xam : !noā́, !no̥á (B.), !nwā, !nwá (Ll.)

Seroa : ngougo-si "reed"

References : Bleek 487; Maingard 242.

Proto-!Wi : *ɳ!oana

Meaning : three

|Xam : !nwanna (Ll.)

//Ng : !nona, !nwanna, !nwɔna

N|huki : ɳ!ʷoǝna

#Khomani : !nona (Mg.)

//Kxau : !nona

//Ku//e : -dwene

//Xegwi (Batwa) : gwana (LH)

|Auni : !nwɔna

Notes : All forms could have been borrowed from Central Khoisan.

References : Bleek 30, 481, 489; LHa 100; Maingard 240; NFn.