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South Khoisan (!Wi subgroup) etymology :
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\data\bush\xamet
Proto-!Wi : *ǂãĩ (?)
Meaning : good
|Xam : !kḗṅ, !kẽ̄ïŋ, !kéŋī̆ŋ, ||ẽ̄in, ||ẽ̄ïŋ (Ll.)
//Ng : !kãĩja
|Auni : -ǂkãĩ "beautiful, pleasant"
References : Bleek 369, 580. Proto-!Wi : *ǂama
Meaning : to beat
|Xam : |hḁm̄́m̄a (B.), |hŭ́m̄m̄a (Ll.)
//Ng : |kamma
#Khomani : ǂkama
Proto-!Wi : *ǂhãĩ
Meaning : to slip
|Xam : ǂu̥háǂu̥háïŋ (Ll.)
Proto-!Wi : *ǂhai (?)
Meaning : tree
|Haasi : ǂhai
Notes : An isolated |Haasi form.
Proto-!Wi : *ǂhan
Meaning : toe
|Xam : ǂu̥háǂu̥̇hán "toes" (B.), ǂu̥hánrnra (Ll.)
Proto-!Wi : *ǂhou
Meaning : fly (n.)
|Xam : !háukǝn!háukǝn, !hóukǝn!houkǝn "flies" (Ll.)
//Ng : !osa (?)
#Khomani : ǂkou (Dk.) (?)
Notes : Cf. also |Xam !kwạ̀ra "fly" (Ll.).
References : Bleek 396, 461, 491, 664. Proto-!Wi : *ǂhɔ-in
Meaning : dog
|Xam : !kwíṅ (B.); !kŭ̥iṅ, !kŭ́iṅ, !khu̥iṅ (Ll.)
//Ng : !kwiŋ
N|huki : ǂun, ǂuń
#Khomani : ǂʔʌn "dog" (Dk.)
//Kxau : ǂhuni
//Ku//e : !wiŋ, !inji
Seroa : kuenia
//Xegwi (Batwa) : ||kwi, !xẽ; ƛhwiŋ (LH)
|Auni : ǂkɔ̃ɔ̃
|Haasi : ǂhaŋ
References : Bleek 104, 400, 405, 433, 467, 495, 496, 499, 500, 600, 646, 661, 662, 663, 677, 678, 680; LHa 112; Meinhof 1929: 186; NFn; Story 21. Proto-!Wi : *ǂhuni
Meaning : to flick (finger)
|Xam : ǂu̥hŭńnĭṅ (Ll.)
Proto-!Wi : *ǂkxa-
Meaning : foot
//Xegwi (Batwa) : |k"e
|Auni : !k"ai
Khatia : !kae
References : Bleek 338, 403, 507. Proto-!Wi : *ǂkxanV
Meaning : to smoothe
N|huki : ǂxʔǝnowǝ
Proto-!Wi : *ǂkxoa
Meaning : rotten
N|huki : ǂxʔoaka
Proto-!Wi : *ǂɔa
Meaning : pot
|Xam : !kwăŋ, !ko̥ã́, !kóã (B.); |koa, !ku (B. early); !ko̥ăŋ́, !ko̥ḁŋ̀ (Ll.)
//Ng : !kwã, ǂõã, !kõã
//Xegwi (Batwa) : ||khaiō "pot of food" (?)
|Auni : ǂkõa; !gɔ (?)
|Haasi : ǂwā
Khatia : ǂk"oa, !kʔo=a
|Nusan : !gũṅ (?)
Notes : Bad vowel correspondences; some, or many of the forms may not be related.
References : Bleek 318, 370, 374, 383, 389, 437, 448, 457-58, 490, 572, 663, 668, 675, 677. Proto-!Wi : *ǂɔa
Meaning : to say, speak
|Xam : ǂkákkǝn, ǂkákka, ǂkạǂkạ́kkǝn (B.), ǂkắkkǝn, ǂkắkkă, ǂkắkǝn, ǂkắkă, ǂkággǝn (Ll.)
N|huki : ǂhoa, ǂχoa
#Khomani : ǂkwāa (Mg.)
Notes : A very uncertain parallel between |Xam and N|huki-ǂKhomani (neither the efflux nor the vocalism match very well).
References : Bleek 654, 655, 666; \X<1.144>NFn\x. Proto-!Wi : *ǂqʔobo
Meaning : to be exhausted
N|huki : ǂqʔobowa
Proto-!Wi : *ǂqau
Meaning : neck
|Xam : !kau, !khou, emph. !khóugǝn (B.); !k(e)au, !khŏ́u (Ll.)
//Ng : =!ku, =ku
N|huki : ǂqʋu
//Kxau : ǂʔu
|Auni : ǂkõĩ
Khatia : k"oe
References : Bleek 103, 124, 412, 428, 448, 510, 663, 664, 676; NFn. Proto-!Wi : *ǂqha
Meaning : chest
N|huki : ǂqhaa, ǂqhaʔa
//Xegwi (Batwa) : ša-gu (LH)
Proto-!Wi : *ǂqhɛ
Meaning : duiker
|Xam : !kā (B.)
//Ng : !kē
N|huki : ǂqhee, ǂqhe
#Khomani : ǂkhei (Dk.)
//Kxau : |hē
|Auni : ǂkhē
References : Bleek 287, 401, 420, 661; NFn. Proto-!Wi : *ǂqhwe
Meaning : wind
|Xam : !kwé, emph. !kwétǝn (B.); !koja (B. early); tʔ1kooih (Lich.); !khwĕ́, emph. !khwétǝn (Ll.)
//Ng : !khwe, khwe; |uhḗ (?)
N|huki : ǂqhoe
#Khomani : ǂkówe, ǂkhwe (Dk.); ǂkhou "south wind" (Dk.) (?)
//Kxau : ǂho_e
//Ku//e : -||gõʔi
//Xegwi (Batwa) : šuwi; šwee (LH)
|Auni : ǂkwē
References : Bleek 90, 183, 320, 358, 432, 440, 532, 579, 610, 662, 664, 666, 679; LHa 102; Meinhof 1929: 188; NFn. Proto-!Wi : *ǂqi
Meaning : red
|Xam : !kī (B.), !khī́ya "to be red" (Ll.)
//Ng : !ki "red ochre used as pigment"
N|huki : ku ǂqĩ
#Khomani : ǂʔi (Dk.)
Proto-!Wi : *ǂqũĩ
Meaning : short
N|huki : ǂqũĩ-ja, ǂqõẽ-ja
//Xegwi (Batwa) : tšwiŋ
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