South Khoisan (!Wi subgroup) etymology : Query result

Proto-!Wi : *ʘha

Stems : *ʘha-i

Meaning : meat

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

|Xam : ʘpu̥āī, emph. ʘpu̥āītǝn (Ll.)

//Ng : ʘpwāī

N|huki : ʘʷee, ʘoi, ʘoe, ʘʷae

#Khomani : ʘkwoe (Mg.); ʘkoi, ʘkoe (Dk.); ʘkwaica "body"

//Xegwi (Batwa) : ʘ̥wā, ʘ̥wāgǝn; ʘā (LH)

|Auni : ʘpwē

|Haasi : ʘwi

References : Bleek 684, 685, 687; \X<1.144>NFn; LHb 48; Maingard\x 246.

Proto-!Wi : *ʘiʔi

Meaning : to ache, be ill

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

//Ng : ʘpwiʔi "to ache"

N|huki : ʘʔoeʔi, ʘʔuiʔi "to be sick"

#Khomani : ʘʔwiʔi, ʘʔwija "to be ill" (Mg.)

References : Bleek 686; \X<1.144>NFn\x.

Proto-!Wi : *ʘo

Stems : *ʘo-ri

Meaning : secretary bird

|Xam : ʘóŕŕishi "a k. of bird" (B.); ʘpu̥ŏ́rrisĕ (Ll.)

//Ng : ʘporrī

References : Bleek 684, 686.

Proto-!Wi : *ʘo

Stems : *ʘo-ken

Meaning : to be covered (e.g. with blood)

|Xam : ʘbọ̄́ọ̄kǝn

References : Bleek 682.

Proto-!Wi : *ʘo

Meaning : tree

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

|Xam : ʘho, pl. ʘ̥ōgǝn, ʘhōkǝn (B.); pl. ʘhoken, ʘhōkǝn (Ll.)

//Ng : ʘbo, ʘbɔ, ʘho, pl. ʘhogǝn

N|huki : ʘoo, ʘooke "wood"

#Khomani : ʘgo̯ke "firewood", ʘkho=si "branch" (Dk.); ʘgo (Mg.)

//Kxau : ʘō⁺, pl. ʘọ̄-kn

!Gã!ne : ʘpo-s "wood"

//Xegwi (Batwa) : ʘho, pl. ʘhōgǝn

|Auni : -ʘbwaa, -ʘbwasa, ʘpo; ʘhoa "stick to beat musical bow with, firestick"; ʘpwɔnke "bushes, screen"

|Haasi : ʘboei "wood"

|Nusan : ʘhoggen "wood, tree"

References : Bleek 682, 683, 684, 685; \X<1.144>NFn; Maingard 242; Meinhof 1929\x: 184.

Proto-!Wi : *ʘo

Stems : *ʘ-a

Meaning : wild cat

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

//Ng : ʘmwa "cat"

N|huki : mʘʷaa; mʘoa !ʔorake "female cat", mʘoa ǂoo "male cat"

#Khomani : ʘŋwa (Dk.); ʘgwõ, ʘgwã (Mg.)

|Auni : ʘpoa

|Haasi : ʘphwaŋ "cat"

References : Bleek 121, 305, 682, 683, 684; \X<1.144>NFn; Maingard 243; NFn\x.

Proto-!Wi : *ʘoi

Meaning : eye

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

Khatia : ʘpwoi

References : Bleek 686.

Proto-!Wi : *ʘqui

Meaning : sweat

N|huki : ʘquija

References : \X<1.144>NFn\x.

Proto-!Wi : *ʘu

Meaning : to stick together, stick on

|Xam : ʘpwu-m̄́mŭ "to stick on" (Ll.); ʘmuặ́^ŋṅ-ă "to adhere together" (Ll.) (?)

References : Bleek 683, 686.

Proto-!Wi : *ʘu

Stems : *ʘu-ru

Meaning : to be near

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

|Xam : ʘurru (B.); ʘpurru, ʘpwurru, ʘpwurrukǝn (Ll.)

|Nusan : ʘburu

References : Bleek 682, 684, 686.

Proto-!Wi : *ʘu (?)

Meaning : to blow (?)

|Haasi : ʘbū a "wind"

Notes : Only encountered in |Haasi, probably an expressive form.

References : Story 23.

Proto-!Wi : *ʘṼ

Meaning : to kiss, fondle

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

|Xam : ʘmwain (Ll.)

References : Bleek 683.

Proto-!Wi : *ʘV

Meaning : young; child

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

|Xam : ʘu̥á "little, young" (B.); ʘpāxai, ʘaxai, ʘpo̥āxʔai "daughter" (B.); ʘaʘaide "granddaughter" (B.); ʘoṅ, ʘōnde, ʘpuandē_ "sons" (B.); ʘpu̥ắ "little, young" (Ll.); ʘpu̥ŏṅ "son" (Ll.); ʘpu̥axai "daughter" (Ll.); ʘpu̥ăʘpu̥áiddi "grandson" (Ll.)

//Ng : ʘpwa "little"; ʘpwo(ŋ) "child, son"; ʘpwāxe "daughter"; ʘpwāno "father-in-law"; ʘpwanu "daughter-in-law"

N|huki : ʘun "small", ʘʷaaxe "daughter"

#Khomani : ʘkɔ̃"son" (Dk.); ʘkwaxai "daughter" (Dk.); ʘpain "child" (Mg.); ʘʔwã "son" (Mg.); ʘʔwaxai "daughter" (Mg.)

//Kxau : ʘʔo "son"

//Ku//e : ʘpwɔ(n) "son"; ʘpāgati "daughter"; ʘpāti "child"; ʘpāxe "granddaughter"

!Gã!ne : ʘpwa, ʘpwa-si "child"

//Xegwi (Batwa) : ʘ̥ōŋ "son"; ʘ̥āre, ʘ̥āri "calf; child; little one"; ʘari "small", ʘõ "son" (LH)

|Auni : ʘpa, ʘpwa, ʘpwɔn "son"; ʘpwoe, ʘpwāxe "daughter"

|Haasi : ʘpxwa "child"; ʘxā "daughter"

Notes : The vocalism is extremely hard to establish here, especially considering that there are probably several vocalic bases. Most probable are the following reconstructions: (a) *ʘa "little, young"; (b) *ʘon "son" (although Maingard's ǂKhomani speaks rather in favour of *ʘoã); (c) *ʘa-xai "daughter". |Haasi ʘxā "daughter" < *ʘa-xa with reduction; |Haasi ʘpxwa "child" is not quite clear.

References : Bleek 682, 683, 684, 685, 686, 687; NFn; LHa 104; LHb 48; Maingard 239, 242.

Proto-!Wi : *ʘVin

Meaning : to sleep

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

|Xam : ʘoëṅ, ʘoëṅya, ʘoëʘoëṅ (B.); ʘpu̥oin (Ll.)

//Ng : =ʘpoeŋ, ʘpwoiŋ, ʘpwoeŋ

N|huki : ʘun, ʘuiń

#Khomani : ʘkun !kaʔa "to dream" (Dk.); ʘʔwõ, ʘʔwonna (Mg.)

//Kxau : ʘan, ʘani; ʘān-tn "to lay down"

//Xegwi (Batwa) : ʘpwēni; ʘi (LH); ʘĩ-xiŋ "to lie" (LH)

|Auni : ʘpwaʔãĩ, ʘpwaʔai, ʘpwoĩ

|Haasi : =ʘwa ai

|Nusan : ʘbuin

References : Bleek 682, 683, 684, 685, 686; NFn; LHa 99; LHb 48; Meinhof 1929: 187.

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