Avar-Andian etymology : Query result

Protoform: *šVr-dV

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: night

Avar: sordó

Chadakolob: šordo

Comments: Paradigm B ( sardí-l, sardá-l). -do is historically a suffix.

Protoform: *šVrV ( ~ s-)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: river, stream

Akhvakh: šuru (Tlan.)

Comments: Attested only in Akhv., with probable Darg. parallels.

Protoform: *šʷVn-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 to take 2 to gather 3 to choose

Avar: =os- 1

Chadakolob: =ošn- 1

Akhvakh: =ušun- 2,3

Chamalal: sin- 2,3

Tindi: šun- 2

Comments: Tindi and Chamalal demonstrate a rather strange development of PA *šʷ- (we would expect h- in Tind. and š- in Cham.); perhaps it has something to do with the fact that Andian languages here reflect stem II *šʷVn- ( < *ʔšʷVn- with a reduction of initial vowel). Avar reflects stem I *=VšʷV(n)-.

Protoform: *-tA

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 present concrete 2 past gerund

Tindi: -ta

Godoberi: -at- (nas. -ant-)

Protoform: *tabc:V

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: bug, bed-bug

Andian language: tarc:a (Khaid.)

Chamalal: tas:ʷ

Godoberi: tabc:u

Comments: The irregular reflex -s:- in Cham. (cf. also Gig. tas:u) is due to contamination with another root, PA *ʎars:V "bug" q.v.

Protoform: *tarV ( ~ -o-)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: ditch

Tindi: ʎ:en-tar

Comments: A compound with ʎ:en- 'water'. The root -tar is isolated within Andian, but has probable external parallels.

Protoform: *tic̣:u

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: bog, marsh

Chamalal: tiṣʷ

Tindi: tic:u

Karata: tic̣:u

Comments: Cf. also Cham. Gig. tic̣u.

Protoform: *tirV

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 ashes, dust 2 dog's dung 3 sleet

Avar: terét 3

Akhvakh: tereti 1

Tindi: tira 2

Comments: In Av. and Akhv. the root is reduplicated. Tind. tira > Inkh. tira 'dog's dung'; Av. terét > Arch. teret 'sleet'.

Protoform: *tomo ( ~ a)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: core (of a cabbage), maize stalk

Tindi: tama

Comments: Attested only in Tind., but having probable external parallels.

Protoform: *toto

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 dust 2 foam 3 saliva

Andian language: toto 3

Akhvakh: tata 1

Chamalal: tata 2 (Gig.)

Protoform: *tuc̣:a ( ~ -o)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 buckle 2 button

Chamalal: tuṣa 1

Bagvalal: tuc̣:a 2

Comments: Cf. also Cham. Gig. tuc̣:a 'buckle'.

Protoform: *tVḳV

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: loop (made of a rope)

Chadakolob: tiḳ

Comments: Av. paradigm C (tiḳí-l, tíḳa-l).

Protoform: *tVmV-lV

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: moss; a k. of weed (овсяница пестрая)

Avar: tamálo

Protoform: *tʷo-, *tʷojV

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 spit, spittle 2 to spit

Avar: tuj 1, tu(j)- 2

Chadakolob: tu- 2

Andian language: toto 1, tu-d- 2

Chamalal: tū- 2

Tindi: tʷē- 2

Karata: tutu 1

Comments: The And. languages reflect a derived verbal stem *tʷo-d- and a reduplicated noun *tʷotʷo < *tʷǝtʷǝjV.

Protoform: *ṭams:a

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: carpet

Avar: ṭáns:a

Andian language: ṭams:a

Akhvakh: ṭãs:a

Chamalal: ṭans:a

Tindi: ṭams:(ʷ)a

Comments: Av. paradigm A (gen. ṭáns:a-dul). Tind. (or Cham.) > Inkh. ṭansa id.

Protoform: *ṭanʔa

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: nit

Avar: ṭihá

Chadakolob: ṭihí

Andian language: ṭa

Akhvakh: ṭani

Chamalal: ṭana

Tindi: ṭana

Karata: ṭane

Botlikh: ṭana

Bagvalal: ṭana

Comments: Av. paradigm B (gen. ṭihá-dul; Chad. ṭohó-l, ṭahá-l). For And. Khaidakov notes two forms: ṭa 'nit', but ṭana 'larva, grub' - these are probably dialectal variants; the MSU recording is ṭana 'nit').

Protoform: *ṭanḳV

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 dot, spot 2 freckles

Avar: ṭanḳ 1

Andian language: ṭanḳi-lol 2

Akhvakh: ṭãḳa 1

Tindi: ṭinḳʷa-bi 2

Godoberi: ṭanḳ-e 2

Comments: Av. pl. ṭánḳa-l (thus probably paradigm C). All the Andian forms are pluralia tantum. The Tind. form has an irregular shape (*ṭanḳabi would be expected) due to contamination with the synonymous ḳʷinṭabi (see *ḳʷinṭV).

Protoform: *ṭaṭa ( ~ o)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: cap, hat

Godoberi: ṭaṭa

Comments: Attested only in God., but with probable external parallels.

Protoform: *ṭimiṭara

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: butterfly

Akhvakh: ṭimiṭara (Ratl.)

Comments: An isolated Akhv. word, but with probable external parallels.

Protoform: *ṭin-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to pour

Akhvakh: ṭin-

Tindi: ṭin-

Karata: ṭijã-

Comments: All languages reflect "stem II" *ṭin-.