Комментарии: Av. paradigm B ~ C (gen. roháli-l). The Av. word is formally a derivate of róh-ine 'to come (of dawn)' (which historically is itself a derivate from the nominal stem *riħʷV).
Комментарии: Cf. also Akhv. Ratl. riḳan-ƛ:i, Cham. Gig. rič̣an, Kar. Arch. reḳun. All Andian languages (except Tindi) reflect either a form with an *-n-suffix, or a compound *riḳV-ḳul (with contraction); for its second part cf. Av. ḳul 'key' (q.v.). Tind. > Inkh. riḳa 'key'.
Комментарии: Av. paradigm B (raʎdá-l,raʎáda-l; Chad. ratádu-l,ratáda-l). Cf. also Cham. Gig. reʎa, Bagv. Tlond. relha. Av. > Inkh., Tsez., Gin., Bezht., Gunz. raʎad 'sea'. Arch. ʎat (erg. ʎet:e) 'sea' is also most probably an old loan from Avar, although loss of ra- is not quite clear (perhaps the early loanword first changed regularly into *daʎat:, and then with reduction changed to *ƛat: > *ʎat:).
Комментарии: The Tindi expression means literally "flesh of the diaphragm". The same root is probably reflected in the PA compound meaning "liver", *riƛ̣a-jiƛ:i < *riƛ̣a-riƛ:i q.v.
Комментарии: Av. paradigm C (ʎalí-l,ʎúl-dul, Chad. telá-l/telú-l,téla-l). Cf. also Akhv. Tseg., Tlan. inʎar, Ratl. inƛal (in the Tseg. and Ratl. dialects the stem merged with PA *ʔinƛVr 'bosom' q.v., but in North. Akhv. and in Tlan. the two stems are still different: iƛa vs. iƛari,inʎar vs. inʎari). Av. > Gin. ʎel.
The listed forms are all derived from a verbal stem *-iƛ- - which is itself preserved only with the meaning 'to lead' (for the semantic shift cf. the meaning in Darg., and also cases like Chech. =āl-ō 'to lead' - formally causative from =āl- 'to be(come), be situated'): cf. Akhv. =eƛ- (Tseg., Tlan. =eʎ-, Ratl. =eƛ-), Kar. =eʎ-, Tind. =eʎ-. We should perhaps relate here also Cham. =aʎ- 'to begin' (cf. similar semantic development in Tsezian languages and elsewhere).
Комментарии: Cf. also Akhv. Tseg., Tlan., Ratl. reƛ̣:u 'squirrel, weasel', Cham. Gig. reƛ̣:u id. The root is preserved also in Av., but only within an old compound ʕondó-ƛ̣: ( < *ʕondo-riƛ̣:) 'weasel'; etymology of the first part see under PEC *ʕwamħV. The same is true for And. (hana-roƛ̣:i) and God. (ʕandi-ruƛ̣:i) (PA *handa-riƛ̣:u).
Комментарии: Cf. also Kar. Tok. reƛ̣:in. The root denotes (in all languages) the span between the thumb and the little finger. An interesting form is And. heƛ̣:im : it may reflect a variant *hirƛ̣:V-m (going back to a PEC variant *HrVŁ_V̄).
Комментарии: Av. paradigm C (ṭulá-l,ṭúla-l). We should note that the position of the Avar word is somewhat dubious: it may belong here only if ṭ < *ƛ̣ (then it would be a metathesized form of the same root which is reflected in all Andian languages). However, there seems to be (in this particular case) no evidence from Southern Avar dialects for Proto-Avar *ƛ̣ - all dialectal forms seem to point to *ṭ. Thus the Avar word is either unrelated, or the dialectal evidence should be explained by borrowing from literary Avar.
As for Andian languages, the simple root *riƛ̣V is reflected only in Botl. (where rehi-n < *reʔi-n < *riƛ̣i-n with a suffixed -n) and Kar. Tok. relʔi-r (with suffixed -r). All other forms go back to a compound *riƛ̣a-jiƛ:i (see *riƛ:i for etymology of the second part). Cf. also Bagv. Tlis. releƛ, Akhv. Tseg. riṭajiƛ:i, Tlan. ruṭeƛ:i, Ratl. riƛ̣ajƛ:i, Cham. Gig. relaƛ etc.
