Комментарии: Av. paradigm C (čorχó-l,čúrχ-dul, Chad. čorχó-l,čérχa-l). Av. čerχ is borrowed in Cham. Gig. čerχ(i). The Chad. form is also influenced by lit. Avar (otherwise -ħ would be expected).
Комментарии: Cf. also Akhv. Tseg., Tlan. čanƛ̣:el, Ratl. činƛ̣:el, Cham. Gig. c̣aṭan, Kar. Tok. žorƛ̣:i. The word, because of its initially complicated phonetic structure, demonstrates rather complicated assimilational / dissimilational processes: dissimilation -ƛ̣:- > -ṭ- (before the final *-l) in And. and Cham., with shift of the tenseness feature to the initial consonant (Cham. ṣajṭã < *č̣:arṭan < *čarƛ̣:al; in And. - with further dissimilation č̣:arṭil > č̣:artil); voicing *č- > ž- in Tind., Kar. and God. Tind. > Inkh. žʷanƛ̣el.
Комментарии: Av. paradigm C (c̣e-l/c̣a-dúl,c̣ája-l). Cf. also Cham. Gig. c̣aj, Gad. lā, Kar. Tok. c̣e, Arch.,Rach. c̣aji. The Akhv. form reflects an archaic oblique base *c̣ari-.
In most Andian languages the verb 'burn' is derived from this root (cf. And. c̣a-to-, Akhv. č̣o-ru-, Cham. c̣ah-, Tind. c̣ahal- etc.).
Комментарии: Both the Av. and North. Akhv. form reflect the oblique base c̣ari- ( ~ -o-) from a noun, preserved in Akhv. Tlan.: č̣a 'household'; cf. also the Av. compounds q̇:aji-c̣á 'house belongings' (q̇:aji 'thing(s)), c̣a-rʕa 'vessels, plates and dishes' (raʕ 'pitcher'). The latter compound was borrowed in Cham. (Gig.) as c̣araʕi, and in Bezht. (Khosh.) as c̣araʔ (reflecting an earlier Av. form, without reduction).
Комментарии: The word for 'fork' in some Andian languages is derived from the same root: *c̣inHu-b or *c̣inHu-r > *c̣imHu-r ("arrow-like"): cf. Tind. c̣inob, Akhv. č̣ume (Tseg., Tlan. č̣umer, Ratl. č̣umeri), And. c̣umur 'fork'.
Комментарии: Av. paradigm A (gen. c̣írq̇:i-l). Cf. also Akhv. Tlan. c̣iq̇:i 'lynx'. We should note the preservation of c̣- in Akhv. (regularly č̣- would be expected): this is either a misspelling of Magomedbekova (in which case the correct form is c̣:iq̇:o, and c̣:- should be explained by early assimilation in tenseness), or the Akhvakh form was influenced by Avar c̣irq̇:. Certainly borrowed from Avar are the forms: Akhv. Tseg. c̣irq̇:, Tind. c̣irq̇: 'lynx'.
Комментарии: In Av. Chad. cf. perhaps c̣oχ- 'to count' (normally č̣- would be expected, but initial *c̣- was probably assimilated and transformed to c̣:- > Chad. c̣-).
Комментарии: The root occurs often with suffixed *-d- (And., Tind.: c:a- < *c̣:ad-) or *-r- (Akhv., Kar.). It may have a counterpart in Av. c̣:a-ze 'smoke, sip' (although it must be a contamination with c̣:a-ze 'pull' - which is obviously a different stem); cf. also Av. Chad. c̣uc̣ú- ( = Av. lit. c̣:ac̣:á-) 'to suck'.
