Значение:1 hand 2 in the hands 3 sleeve 4 mitten 5 handle
Аварский:kʷer 1
Чадаколоб:kʷer 1
Андийский:kʷo 5
Ахвахский:kʷa-ʎala 4
Чамалинский:kʷa-di 2
Тиндинский:kʷa-ji 2
Ботлихский:kʷa-du 2
Годоберинский:kʷa-χa 3
Комментарии: Avar. paradigm A (kʷér-zul,kʷéra-l; Chad. kʷér-dul,kʷéra-l). Outside Avar the pure root has been preserved only in Andian (kʷo 'handle'); all other languages reflect an original locative form *kʷo-dV "in the hand(s)" ( = Av. ko-dó-b), as well as the compounds *kʷo-χ:al (cf. also Tind. kʷaχ:al "sleeve", Cham. kʷaχa id.) and *kʷo-ʎala (cf. also God. kʷaʎala "sleeve", And. kʷo-ʎir 'mitten'.). The form *kʷor- (with the original liquid) is preserved in the common Andian compound *kʷor-q̇:in 'bracelet' (And. kʷorq̇:in, Akhv. kʷãq̇:e, Cham. kʷaq̇:ĩ, Gig. koq̇:in, Tind. kʷaq̇:an); cf. also *kʷor-xVn 'bracelet' reflected in Av. kúrxen (Chad. with assimilation xúrxin). From Avar the latter word was borrowed in And. kurxen, Akhv. x:ux:i, Botl., Kar. kʷarxin, and, probably, Lak. kuIrš:an ( < *kuIrx:an) 'ring'. The second components in *kʷor-q̇:in and *kʷor-xVn are not yet clear.
Комментарии: An old compound with *kʷo- 'hand'. Should be kept apart from *kʷo-ʎalV 'mitten' q.v. (for phonetic reasons and because of the opposition in And.: kʷo-l 'sleeve' - kʷo-ʎir 'mitten').
Комментарии: All languages have a compound with *kʷo- (Av. kʷer-) 'hand'. The meaning 'mittens' in Av. (where -al is a plural suffix) is the result of contamination of two Av.-And. forms: cf. PA *kʷo-χa (~-o) 'mitten', reflected in Tind. kʷaha, God. kʷaχa. In Cham. both forms have also merged and kʷaχa (Gig. koχa) now means both 'sleeve' and 'mitten'.
Комментарии: Av. paradigm B (kurč̣í-l,kurč̣á-l / kurč̣-bí). A dialectal form, and medial -r- is probably due to the influence of another root, reflected in lit. Av. kʷarṭá (q.v.).
Комментарии: Av. Chad. paradigm C (ḳičí-l,ḳáča-l). Cham. (U.-Gakv.) ḳač and Tind. ḳači 'shirt' must be borrowed from some other Andian dialects (regularly we would expect ḳaš in Cham. and ḳ́ači in Tind.).
Комментарии: Av. paradigm C (ḳarmí-l,ḳárma-l). The word also means "arc" in Akhv. (ḳamu, Tseg. ḳamru, Tlan. ḳamuru etc.; cf. also And. ḳamur 'window' [<*'arc']) where it is most probably borrowed from Avar.
Комментарии: The root is attested only in Bagv., but was obviously spread wider: we can think so because of Bezht. ḳanṭi 'drop' (Tlad. ḳanṭ id.), which is obviously a loan from some Andian language (original -n- in a cluster would have yielded nasalisation in PTs).
Комментарии: Av. paradigm A~C (pl. ḳáza-l), but Chad. B (ḳiží-l,ḳažá-l). Some Andian forms (without a nasal or nasalisation) may be borrowed from Avar; a certain borrowing from Av. or some other Andian dialect is Tind. ḳazi (regularly ḳ́azi would be expected). In its turn, Tind. > Inkh. ḳazi id. Av. ḳaz > Bezht., Gunz., Arch. ḳaz.
