Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. Correspondences are regular except for secondary assimilatory voicing of *p- > *b- in PN. The word was borrowed (from Av. or, rather, from Tsez.) into Ossetian (fos/fons "cattle; booty") (whence again into Nakh: Chech. hons, Ing. fos) - see Abayev 1, 478-9.
Notes: A Lezg.-Av.-And. isogloss. There is a suspicious PAK root *pač́ǝ 'room' (Kab. paš, Bzhed. paš́ǝ; see Kuipers 1975, 10, Shagirov 2,11) which could go back to PWC *pačʷǝ and thus be a good match (with assimilative devoicing *ǯ > *č) for PEC *paǯo; however, there is a good probability that the Adygh word is a recent loan from Russ. печь 'stove' (see Shagirov ibid.).
Notes: An onomatopoeic and thus not very reliable root; the PD form is reduplicated (with voicelessness of *p neutralized before ʔ). The final cluster *Hn is reconstructed to account for nasalisation of the initial *p- > m- in PN.
Notes: The correspondences are regular (with minor exceptions due to expressive causes: pharyngealization in Darg. and metathesis in some Lezg. languages). Note also the existence of an old compound *c̣ăjɨ̆-pārē (*c̣ăjɨ̆ 'fire') reflected in Akhv. Tseg. č̣a-piri, Lak. c̣u-par and Rut. c̣aj-rap.
Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. Not quite clear is the initial consonant: PN and PD point to PEC *mä̆nq_wV; however, the Av. form (unless p- is a result of dissimilatory denasalisation) favours PEC *p-.
Notes: The correspondences are quite regular (in PWC there occurred a usual delabialisation of the second consonant after a preceding labial). The back vowel in the second syllable is suggested by PWC.
Notes: A reduplicated root with somewhat irregular correspondences: secondary voicing in PWC, secondary glottalization in PD and secondary pharyngealization in Eastern Daghestan languages (Western forms do not reveal any trace of lost laryngeals). Nevertheless, the root seems reliable, and the irregularities are probably due to its expressive nature.
Notes: A Nakh-Lak isogloss. In Inlaut *-m- is preferable to *-n- which would yield other reflexes (zero instead of -n- in Lak. and initial nasalisation in Nakh).
Notes: A Tsez-Lezg. isogloss. The word strikingly resembles PK *pir(s̥1̇)ṭw- 'lung' (see Klimov 1964, 189 where the author lists the Gunz. word, but erroneously links also the reflexes of PEC *qwǝlɵ_V- q.v.).
