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Tsezian etymology : Search within this database Total of 1108 records 56 pages
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Back: 1 Forward: 1 20 \data\cauc\cezet
Proto-Tsezian: *heIn- / *heIl-
Meaning: to bite
Tsezi: ħan-
Ginukh: hil-
Khvarshi: ħa:n-
Comments: PTsKh *heIn- / *heIl- (with expressive vowel length in Khvarsh.).
Proto-Tsezian: *heƛe A
Meaning: nut, walnut
Tsezi: hiƛo-ri
Ginukh: hiƛa-ʁru
Khvarshi: ħeƛe
Bezhta: heƛe
Gunzib: heƛe
Comments: PTsKh *heƛe (cf. also Tsez. hiƛi "nut core"); PGB *heƛe. The forms: Tsez. hiƛori, Gin. hiƛaʁru (cf. also Bezht. Khosh. heƛarʁo "nut") reflect a PTs compound with a not quite clear second part.
Proto-Tsezian: *heƛu ( ~ ħ-)
Meaning: armful
Gunzib: heƛu
Comments: Isolated in Gunz., but having good Andian parallels.
Proto-Tsezian: *heƛu A
Meaning: comb
Tsezi: hiƛu / hiƛo
Ginukh: hiƛu
Khvarshi: ħeƛu
Inkhokvari: hẽƛu
Bezhta: heƛo
Gunzib: heƛu
Comments: PTsKh *heƛu; PGB *heƛu. Not clear is the source of Inkh. pharyngealization.
Proto-Tsezian: *hel- ( ~ ħ-)
Meaning: to boil
Bezhta: hel- (Tlad.)
Gunzib: hel-ā
Comments: PGB *hel-. The stem is obviously denominative: Gunzib forms are actually compounds hel-ā 'to boil (intrans.)', hela-ḳa 'to boil (trans.)'.
Proto-Tsezian: *hel ( ~ -r)
Meaning: bullet, arrow
Tsezi: hil
Ginukh: hilu
Comments: PTsKh *hel(u). Formally homonymous to *hel(u) 'pea', which is of course accidental.
Proto-Tsezian: *hel(u) A
Meaning: 1 pea(s) 2 haricot
Tsezi: hil 1
Ginukh: hilu 1
Khvarshi: ħel 2
Inkhokvari: hel 1
Gunzib: helu 1
Comments: PTsKh *heR(u ). Bezht. holo < Avar.
Proto-Tsezian: *hǝbV ( ~ -e-,-ɨ-)
Meaning: stick
Tsezi: hibo
Ginukh: hebo
Comments: PTsKh *hǝbo.
Proto-Tsezian: *hǝʁ(:)u (~-e-,-ɨ-)
Meaning: shed
Tsezi: hiʁu
Ginukh: heʁu
Comments: PTsKh *hǝʁu.
Proto-Tsezian: *hǝ̃ḳ-
Meaning: to hiccup
Gunzib: hǝ̃ḳ-daḳ-
Comments: An onomatopoeic word, attested only in Gunzib (with other suffixation: hǝ̃ḳ-ʎaḳ- ), but having exact external parallels.
Proto-Tsezian: *hǝ̃s:
Meaning: one
Tsezi: sis
Ginukh: hes
Khvarshi: has
Inkhokvari: hos
Bezhta: hõs
Gunzib: hǝ̃s
Comments: The PTs paradigm: *hǝ̃s:, obl. *s:ɨ-. The oblique base is preserved in Gunz. sɨ-d, Bezht. si-d; it is also reflected in the Tsez form sis which is a contamination of former direct and oblique bases. Cf. also Gunz. se-n 'everything', se-se 'some', very probably derived from the same root.
Proto-Tsezian: *hi-
Meaning: interrogative pronoun (which 1, how 2)
Khvarshi: hi-ba (Radzhibov)
Inkhokvari: hi-bo 1
Gunzib: hi-na 2
Comments: PTsKh *hi-bǝ; cf. also Gunz. hɨ̃-dǝ 'when'.
Proto-Tsezian: *hĩ
Meaning: pear
Bezhta: hĩ (Khaidakov)
Gunzib: hĩ
Comments: PGB *hĩ; on the reflexes of this root in PTsKh (in the compound *hĩ-ʔẽš ) see under *ʔẽš: 'apple'.
Proto-Tsezian: *[h]ĩč-
Meaning: near
Bezhta: hica
Gunzib: ĩččo
Comments: PGB *[h]ĩč- (cf. also Bezht. Tlad. hĩččä).
Proto-Tsezian: *hĩc̣V
Meaning: waist
Khvarshi: hic̣il (Radzhibov)
Inkhokvari: hĩc̣c̣e
Comments: PTsKh *hĩc̣V-. The Inkh. form presupposes a PTs suffixed form *hĩc̣V-jV.
Proto-Tsezian: *hĩč̣- ( ~ ħ-)
Meaning: to fear, be afraid
Bezhta: hĩč̣- (Tlad.)
Gunzib: hĩč̣-
Comments: PGB *hĩč̣- (cf. also Khosh. hič̣- / hic̣- ). There exists also a nominal stem: PGB *hĩč̣u > Bezht. Tlad. hĩč̣ö, Khosh. hic̣o 'fright', Gunz. hĩč̣u 'scarecrow'.
Proto-Tsezian: *hiḳʷǝ A/ *riḳʷǝ A
Meaning: man, person
Tsezi: (ž-eḳu)
Ginukh: reḳʷe
Khvarshi: (žiḳʷa)
Inkhokvari: hiḳo
Bezhta: (suḳo)
Gunzib: (suḳu)
Comments: The PTsKh form *hiḳʷǝ / *riḳʷǝ is probably a development of the original *hirḳʷV (although phonetically it is an exceptional case). Most Tsezian languages reflect only an old compound *ži-hirḳʷV > PTs *žiḳʷV q.v.
Proto-Tsezian: *himV (~ *χ-)
Meaning: abscess
Inkhokvari: himon
Comments: Inkh. himon presupposes PTs *himV-R or *χimV-R (the -R is obviously a suffix). Isolated in Tsez., but having good Andian and Nakh parallels.
Proto-Tsezian: *hin-
Meaning: (one)self
Tsezi: ne-
Inkhokvari: i-
Bezhta: hin- / hon-
Comments: Originally the oblique base, cf. Tsez. dir. žo - obl. ne-s- (1st cl.) / ne-ʎ- (2d cl.), Bezht. Tlad. žü - hin-/hon- (same opposition); in Inkhokvari it has passed also to the direct base (i-so 1st cl., iʎe 2d-5th cl.).
Proto-Tsezian: *hin-čV
Meaning: today
Gunzib: hinčo-d
Comments: Attested only in Gunz., but having probable external parallels.
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