Tsezian etymology : Query result

Proto-Tsezian: *nuš:-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: small

Bezhta: nüšijö (Khosh.)

Comments: If Gunz. ĩše 'few, little' is related, we could reconstruct *ʔ[ĩ]š:- for PGB (with secondary metathesis of nasalisation in Bezht.); but the vowel correspondences are not clear.

Proto-Tsezian: *nuz(:)ʷV /m- B

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 husband 2 son-in-law

Tsezi: mezʷa 2

Inkhokvari: muzo 2

Bezhta: nuzo 1

Comments: PTsKh *muzʷV B.

Proto-Tsezian: *nV

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: a demonstrative stem

Tsezi: ne-si, ne-ʎa

Inkhokvari: (ewe-)nu

Bezhta: hu-ni, ho-no

Comments: The stem is used only in conjunction with other deictic particles. Cf. Tsez. ne-si (1st cl.), ne-ʎa (2-4 cl.) 'that (far)', also e-n-du 'this'; Inkh. e-we-nu 'that'; Bezht. hu-ni (1,4,5 cl.), ho-no (2, 3 cl.) 'this (near)'.

Proto-Tsezian: *-nV

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 plural dir. stem marker 2 plural

Ginukh: -ni 2

Bezhta: -na 2

Gunzib: -na

Proto-Tsezian: *-nV-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: obl. and plur. stem marker

Tsezi: -na-

Inkhokvari: -na-, -no-

Proto-Tsezian: [*-nV]

Meaning: emphatic adj. ("the one who..."

Tsezi: -ni

Proto-Tsezian: *-nV

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 past II (remote/perfect) 2 past gerund

Tsezi: 1 -no / -n 2 -naj

Ginukh: -no / -n

Khvarshi: -na

Inkhokvari: -ǝn 1, -i-n 2

Bezhta: -na 2

Gunzib: -n 2

Proto-Tsezian: [*-nV]

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: general negative

Tsezi: -anu

Proto-Tsezian: [*-nV-r]

Meaning: infin. II (terminative)

Tsezi: -anir

Proto-Tsezian: *=ãcV-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: clean

Tsezi: =occ-ǟ-si

Khvarshi: q̇-ajca (Radzhibov)

Bezhta: =acō

Gunzib: =ãcǝ-ru

Comments: PTsKh *-ac-ij- (with unclear -o- in Tsez.). PGB *=ãcǝ-ru (cf. also Tlad. =aco-ro) 'clean'. This is obviously a derivate of a verbal stem; cf. Gunz. -ãcǝ-ḳa 'to clean' (a causative form), Bezht. Khosh. =ãc- 'to be pure, clean'.

Proto-Tsezian: *=ãč-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to lick

Bezhta: =ä̃č- (Tlad.)

Gunzib: =ãč-

Comments: PGB *=ãč- (cf. also Bezht. Khosh. =ä̃č-).

Proto-Tsezian: *=ac̣-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to eat

Tsezi: =ac̣-

Ginukh: =ac̣-

Khvarshi: =ac̣-

Inkhokvari: =ac̣-

Comments: PTsKh *=ac̣-.

Proto-Tsezian: *=ãc̣-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 to see 2 to look

Bezhta: gow-ac̣- 2 (Khosh.)

Gunzib: =ãc̣- 1

Comments: PGB *=ãc̣-.

Proto-Tsezian: *=[ã]ʁ:-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to open

Tsezi: =aʁI-

Ginukh: =aʁ-

Khvarshi: n-aʁ- (Radzhibov)

Inkhokvari: =ãIʁ-

Bezhta: =ä̃h-

Gunzib: hĩj-

Comments: PTsKh *=ãʁI-; the vocalic correspondence between Bezht. and Gunz. is not quite clear.

Proto-Tsezian: *=aʁ:ʷ-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to swell

Tsezi: =aʁIʷ- (Radzhibov)

Bezhta: =äw- (Tlad.)

Comments: Cf. also Khosh. =äw- id.

Proto-Tsezian: *=ãk-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: lie, lie down

Bezhta: =ak-

Comments: Cf. Bezht. Tl. =ãk-.

Proto-Tsezian: *=aƛ-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to sweep

Tsezi: =aƛ-

Ginukh: =aƛ-

Khvarshi: ħ-aƛ- (Radzhibov)

Bezhta: ʎ-äƛ-

Gunzib: ʎ-aƛ-

Comments: PTsKh *=aƛ-; PGB *ʎ-aƛ- (with another preverb cf. Bezht. h-äƛ- id.). Initial ʎ- in Gunzib may represent the same root as in ʎaʎa-ƛ- 'to crawl' (see PTs *ʎ:aʎ:-).

Proto-Tsezian: *=ãqʷ-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to sew

Tsezi: =aqIʷ-

Ginukh: =aqʷ-

Khvarshi: =ãqʷ-

Inkhokvari: =ãqʷ-

Bezhta: =ä̃q- (Khosh.)

Gunzib: =ãq-

Comments: PTsKh *=ãqʷ-; PGB *=ãq- (cf. also Bezht. Tlad. =äq-).

Proto-Tsezian: *=[ã]q̇-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 to come 2 to come, go

Tsezi: =aj- 1

Ginukh: =aq̇- 1

Bezhta: =õq̇- 2

Gunzib: =ãq̇- 1

Comments: PTsKh *=a( ̃)q̇-, PGB *-[ã]q̇-. The vocalism is not quite clear.

Proto-Tsezian: *=arč- / *=eč-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 to stand 2 to stay, to be situated 3 to become, to be

Tsezi: =ič- 3

Ginukh: =ič- 3

Khvarshi: =eč- 3

Inkhokvari: =eč- 3

Bezhta: =ečenoc̣- 1, =eč- 2

Gunzib: =arč- 1, =eč- 2

Comments: PTsKh *=eč-. Ablaut variants *=eč- and *=arč- ( < *-ačr-) are present in PGB. Cf. also Gunz. =eče-r-da 'straight, vertical'; Bezht. Tlad. =eč-el- 'to let, leave'.