Lezghian etymology : Query result

Proto-Lezghian: *zo-n

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: I (1-t p.pr.)

Lezghian: zun

Tabasaran: uzu

Agul: zun

Rutul: zɨ

Tsakhur: zu

Kryz: zɨn

Budukh: zɨn

Archi: zon

Udi: zu

Comment: The paradigm of PL *zo-n is: dir. *zo(n), obl. *za-, gen. *=iz. Cf. Lezg. zun, za, gen. zi(n); Tab. uzu, gen. jiz; Ag. zun, za-, gen. jaz; Rut. zɨ, za, gen. iz-dɨ; Tsakh. zɨ, za-, gen. jiz-ɨn; Arch. zon, za-, gen. -is: (with a specific phonetic development); Kryz. zɨn, zä-; Bud. zɨn, zǝ-; Ud. zu, za-, gen. bezi.

Another archaic PL stem, dative *=ez, has been preserved only in Arch. (as =ez) (although it is possible that Ud. gen. b-ezi is a result of merger of PL *=iz and *=ez).

Cf. Лексика 1971, 228; Гигинейшвили 1977, 70.

Proto-Lezghian: *zorza-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 to tremble, shake 2 ache, pain

Lezghian: zurza- 1

Agul: zurz- 1

Udi: zizi 2

Comment: Cf. also Ag. Tp. zurza- 'to tremble, shake'.

Proto-Lezghian: *žimžV

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 leech 2 spider 3 cicada

Agul: ǯimǯaχ 2 (Burk.)

Kryz: ǯinǯira 3

Archi: žinžru 1

Comment: Both Ag. and Arch. have suffixed forms (in -aχ, -ru); cf. also Ag. Fit. ǯinǯaχ 'spider'.

Proto-Lezghian: *žVl- ( ~ š:-)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: wattle-fence

Lezghian: žalan

Comment: The word is isolated in Lezg. and its PL antiquity is rather questionable; we do not know, however, the source from where Lezg. could have directly borrowed the word.

Proto-Lezghian: *ǯaq̇V-j

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: piglet

Lezghian: žeq̇i

Comment: Attested only in Lezg., thus the PL reconstruction is not quite certain (although there are secure external parallels).

Proto-Lezghian: *ǯi-n

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: we (excl.)

Lezghian: čun

Tabasaran: uču

Agul: čin

Rutul: ži (Shin.)

Tsakhur: ši

Kryz: žin

Udi: b-eši (gen.)

Comment: PL paradigm: dir. *ǯi-n, obl. *ǯa-, gen. *-iǯ, cf. Lezg. obl. ča-, gen. či(n); Tab. gen. ič; Ag. gen. ič; Rut. (Shin.) gen. iš-dɨ; Tsakh. gen. iši-; Kryz. obl. žä-; Ud. gen. b-eši. In some languages, where exclusive and inclusive forms merged, this has become the only pronoun of the 1st person plural (thus in Rut. Shin., Tsakh.; in Udi the stem was preserved in genitive, while in other forms the original inclusive base is used).

See Бокарев 1961, 66; Гигинейшвили 1977, 114.

Proto-Lezghian: *ǯuIm ( ~ -o-)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 quince 2 cornel

Lezghian: žum 1, č:umal 2

Tabasaran: čimil 2

Agul: žimil 2

Rutul: žim 1

Tsakhur: šum 1

Kryz: ǯum 1, ǯimel 2

Budukh: ǯumǝl 2

Comment: Lezghian languages reflect a suffixless *ǯuIm 'quince' and a suffixed form *ǯuIm-al 'cornel' (both forms have parallels in other EC languages). Forms with voiced ž- (ǯ-) in Lezg., Tab. and Ag. dialects must be due to interdialectal borrowing (cf. also Lezg. Kur. žumal, Kuba č:umal id., Tab. Düb. čimil, Ag. Burk. ǯimil, Bursh. čumel, K. čimaIl 'cornel'). 3d class in all class-distinguishing languages.

See Talibov 1980, 271.

Proto-Lezghian: *ǯʷ[e]-n

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: you (2d p. plur.)

Lezghian: kü-n

Tabasaran: uč̌u

Agul: ču-n

Rutul: we

Tsakhur: šu

Kryz: wi-n

Budukh: wi-n

Archi: žʷe-n

Udi: waI-n

Comment: Cf. also Lezg. Khl. čü-n, Ag. Bursh. č̌u-n, Fit. kü-n. The PL paradigm can be reconstructed as *ǯʷ[e]-n (nom.), obl. *ǯʷa-, gen. *-iǯʷ: cf. Lezg. kün, obl. kʷe- (Khl. čün, čʷe-, gen. žü < *(u_)iǯʷ-); Tab. uč̌u, gen. ič̌; Ag. čun, erg. če-š, gen. če (Bursh. nom./erg. č̌un, gen. ič̌; Fit. nom./erg. kün, dat. ḱʷa-s, gen. kü-t); Rut. Shin. we, gen. uš-dɨ; Tsakh. šu, gen. wuš-; Arch. žʷe-n, loc. žʷa-t, gen. wiš; Kryz. obl. wä-; Bud. waIn, gen. efi. The original dative stem *-eǯʷ is preserved only in Archi (wež).

See Бокарев 1961, 66; Талибов 1960a, 301; Гигинейшвили 1977, 114.

Proto-Lezghian: [obl. stem]+0

Meaning: 1 ergative 2 genitive

Lezghian: [obl. stem] + 0 1

Tabasaran: [obl. stem] + 0 1

Agul: [obl. stem] + 0 1

Rutul: [obl. stem]+-a, -ä 1

Tsakhur: -e 1

Kryz: [obl. stem]+0 2

Budukh: -a, -u 2

Archi: [obl. stem]+0 1

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