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Lezghian etymology :

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Total of 1569 records 79 pages

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\data\cauc\lezget
Proto-Lezghian: *ħomt(a)
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: 1 brain 2 head (of a woman, an animal)
Agul: ħüt 1 (Bursh.)
Rutul: jüt 1 (Khnov.)
Archi: oInt 2
Comment: Arch. pl. oInt-or. The preserved -n- in Arch. points to PL *-m-.
Proto-Lezghian: *ħul(:a)
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: 1 sea 2 liquid
Lezghian: hül
Tabasaran: hül
Agul: ħül
Kryz: ʕil
Archi: hoIlo-t:u- 2(?)
Comment: 3d class in Kryz. The obl. bases (Tab. hüli-, Ag. ħüli-) are not enough for a precise PL reconstruction.

    Since the meanings 'sea' and 'moisture, liquid' sometimes interchange (cf., for example, the reflexes of PEC *ɦwmǟɦwā), it seems tempting to compare also Arch. hoIlo-t:u- 'liquid' (and perhaps as an old dialectal variant, with another frequent semantic change 'liquid -> green' - Arch. oIlow-t:u- 'green'). There are no other probable hypotheses about the origin of these Archi words.

    See Лексика 1971, 190; Хайдаков 1973, 75.

Proto-Lezghian: *ħVrč:Vl (~ -l-)
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: marten, hamster
Tabasaran: heržil (Düb.)
Agul: ħurčal
Comment: Cf. also Ag. Bursh. ħarčal, Burk. ħarčaj, Tp. ħürčal. An expressive root, known only in Tab. and Ag., and with not quite regular correspondences (with secondary devoicing in Ag.).
Proto-Lezghian: *ħV-rV-
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: sharp
Agul: ħa-re-f
Comment: Isolated in Ag., but having probable external parallels.
Proto-Lezghian: *ħʷä(m)ṭV-rVj (~-i-)
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: leech
Tabasaran: wič̣ri
Comment: Tab. wič̣ri < *hʷiṭiri, as seen from the more archaic Düb. form hüṭür / hüṭer 'leech'. The root is attested only in Tab., but has reliable external parallels.
Proto-Lezghian: *-i (-Vj)
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: 1 deverbative nominal 2 masdar
Tsakhur: -i 2
Archi: -i 1
Udi: -i 1
Proto-Lezghian: *-ič(ʷ)
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: self, oneself (reflexive pronoun)
Lezghian: wič
Tabasaran: uč̌
Agul:
Tsakhur: či-n(a) (gen.)
Udi:
Comment: In Tsakh. the stem is used only for the 3d/4th classes (opposed to ǯu-/ǯe-, see PL *-iž); in Lezg. and Tab. it is used for the 3d person (while the stem *-iž is used for the 1st and 2d persons). The original usage is probably the Tsakhur one.

    The PL paradigm can be reconstructed as *ʔičʷ (dir. stem), *ča- (obl. stem, cf. Tab. gen. ča-n, Ag. Bursh. ič̌, če-).

Proto-Lezghian: *-in-
Meaning: 1 imperative 2 imperative sing. 3 imp. plur.
Tabasaran: -in 1
Agul: -in 2
Tsakhur: -jin 2
Udi: -n- 3
Proto-Lezghian: *-i(r)q̇:ʷV-
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: secretly, by stealth
Udi: muq:in
Comment: A derivate from a former verbal root; attested only in Udi, but having probable external parallels.
Proto-Lezghian: *-it:-
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: thou (obl. base)
Archi: w-it
Comment: This archaic pronominal stem is preserved only in the Archi genitive wit (where w- is a class prefix, like in w-is (1st p. sing.), ulu ( < w-olo, 1st p. plur.), w-iš (2d p. plur.)). Note that the Ag. (Fit.) genitive wit has nothing to do with the Archi form: it contains the PL attributive morpheme *-t:V > -t, common to all pronouns (zi-t, xi-t, či-t, kü-t).
Proto-Lezghian: *-j
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: 1 elative 2 sublative (?) 3 genitive
Lezghian: -aj 1
Rutul: -ɨ̄, -ā 2, -d-ā 1
Tsakhur: -e 1
Kryz: -ä 3 (plur. -e, -a)
Udi: -i, -aj 3
Proto-Lezghian: *j / r / d
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: 1 4th class marker 2 3d-4th cl. plural class marker 3 plural class marker
Rutul: j-, r 1, d 3
Tsakhur: j, d 1, 2
Archi: 0, -d (-t) 1
Comment: Originally *j- ( < *r-) prefixed, *-d suffixed, *-r- or *-d- infixed (depending on verb conjugation).
Proto-Lezghian: *jac̣
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: stem, trunk
Lezghian: jac̣ (Khl.)
Comment: Attested only in Lezg., but having probable external parallels.
Proto-Lezghian: *jaj
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: mother
Lezghian: jaʔ (Khl.)
Tsakhur: jed
Archi: ej-t:ur
Comment: In Arch. cf. erg. ej-mi. Tsakh. je-d historically = Arch. ej-t:u-r (with an adjectival suffix, typical for Archi kinship terms). A nursery word, but having probable external parallels.
Proto-Lezghian: *jaḳʷ
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: axe
Lezghian: jaḳʷ
Tabasaran: jeḳʷ
Agul: jaḳʷ
Rutul: joḳ (Khnov.)
Tsakhur: jaḳʷ
Kryz: joḳ
Budukh: joḳ
Comment: Cf. also Tab. Kand. juḳ, Düb. jaḳa, Ag. Fit. jiḳʷ. 4th class in all class-distinguishing languages. Obl. base *jaḳʷɨ- (cf. Lezg. jaḳu-, Tab. jeḳu-, Ag. Fit. jiḳu, Tsakh. jaḳu-).

    See Гигинейшвили 1977, 82; Талибов 1980, 289.

Proto-Lezghian: *jaƛ̣:
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: meat
Lezghian: jak
Tabasaran: jik:
Agul: jak:
Rutul: jak
Kryz: jek
Budukh: jǝk
Archi: aƛ̣:
Udi: eq:
Comment: Obl. base *joƛ̣:ɨ- (cf. Rut. jigɨ-, with first vowel levelling Lezg. jaḳu, Tab. jik:u-). 4th class in all class-distinguishing languages.

    See Лексика 1971, 204; Гигинейшвили 1977, 109.

Proto-Lezghian: *ja(l)s:
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: *husband
Archi: as
Comment: The word is preserved only in Archi, in certain idioms: as-mus deqIes 'to marry', as:ǝ-ʎ:on:ol 'husband and wife'.
Proto-Lezghian: *jamc
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: ox
Lezghian: jac
Tabasaran: jic
Agul: bec
Rutul: jas
Tsakhur: jac
Archi: ans
Udi: us
Comment: Cf. also Tab. Düb. jac, Ag. Bursh. jacʷ, Fit. wic, Burk. wec. The original medial nasal *-m- is preserved (as -n- before a sibilant) only in Arch. All other languages have lost it, but Agul has preserved the compensatory labialisation (Proto-Ag. *jawc; in Rich. bec regularly < *wec, cf. the forms in other dialects). All correspondences are regular (including the fronting *a > e in Rich. and Burk. before a hissing affricate, and the development *ja- > *ji- in a closed syllable in Tab.).

    The obl. base can be reconstructed as *jamca- (cf. Rut. jasa-, Tsakh. jaca-, Arch. erg. ansa); 3d class in all class-distinguishing languages.

    See Лексика 1971, 149; Гигинейшвили 1977, 82.

Proto-Lezghian: *ja(m)tur
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: 1 thigh, hip 2 foot, leg
Lezghian: jutur 1
Tabasaran: jatur 1
Kryz: jetɨr 1
Budukh: jotur 1
Udi: tur 2
Comment: Cf. also Lezg. Khl. jatur 'thigh, hip'. 4th class in Shakhdagh. The medial resonant is not reflected anywhere (in the combination *-mt- it could have been preserved as -nt- only in Arch.), but may be postulated on external evidence.

    See Хайдаков 1973, 29.

Proto-Lezghian: *jaq:V-
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: 1 high 2 long
Lezghian: jarʁi 1
Tabasaran: jaʁ-li 1
Agul: jaʕaldi-l 1
Kryz: q:-aʁa 1
Archi: aqa 2
Comment: The Ag. form is from the Burshag dialect. Cf. also Tab. Düb. jaq:-li, Ag. Fit. jaq:al-t 'high'. In Lezg. there occurred a contamination with *[hI]alχä- 'long' q.v. (that is why we have jarʁi instead of *jarq:i; cf. also Lezg. Khl. t:aq:aj 'high', which contains a preverb t:-).

    The root is actually verbal, which is shown by verbal prefixation (q:-) in Kryz.; it is also very probable that the Tab. verb di-ji=ʁ-uz (Düb. dī=q:-)'to stand' reflects the same root.

    See Хайдаков 1973, 105.

lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-agu,lezget-rut,lezget-arc,lezget-comment,lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-tab,lezget-agu,lezget-krz,lezget-arc,lezget-comment,lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-tab,lezget-agu,lezget-comment,lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-agu,lezget-comment,lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-tab,lezget-comment,lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-cak,lezget-arc,lezget-udi,lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-tab,lezget-agu,lezget-cak,lezget-udi,lezget-comment,lezget-meaning,lezget-tab,lezget-agu,lezget-cak,lezget-udi,lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-udi,lezget-comment,lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-arc,lezget-comment,lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-rut,lezget-cak,lezget-krz,lezget-udi,lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-rut,lezget-cak,lezget-arc,lezget-comment,lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-comment,lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-cak,lezget-arc,lezget-comment,lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-tab,lezget-agu,lezget-rut,lezget-cak,lezget-krz,lezget-bud,lezget-comment,lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-tab,lezget-agu,lezget-rut,lezget-krz,lezget-bud,lezget-arc,lezget-udi,lezget-comment,lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-arc,lezget-comment,lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-tab,lezget-agu,lezget-rut,lezget-cak,lezget-arc,lezget-udi,lezget-comment,lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-tab,lezget-krz,lezget-bud,lezget-udi,lezget-comment,lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-tab,lezget-agu,lezget-krz,lezget-arc,lezget-comment,
Total of 1569 records 79 pages

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