Meaning:1 daughter 2 newborn daughter 3 newborn son
Lezghian:ruš 1
Tabasaran:riš 1
Agul:ruš 1
Rutul:rɨš 1
Tsakhur:jɨš 1
Kryz:riš 1
Budukh:riž 1
Archi:diš-du-r 2
Comment: Most Lezgian languages reflect only the feminine form *r-uš: (obl. base r-uš:a-, cf. Lezg. ruša-, Ag. ruša-, Rut. rɨšä-); cf. also Tab. Düb. riš:i, Ag. Bursh. ruš:. The only language that has preserved the old opposition between *r-uš: 'daughter' and *u_-uš: 'son' is Archi (cf. Arch. wiš-du 'newborn son'). Some languages have preserved, however, the archaic prefixless plural form *š:i-p:V (cf. Tab. pl. šu-bar, Ag. pl. ši-bar, Kryz. pl. ši-bi). [Not quite clear morphologically is Tab. šiw 'woman', perhaps corresponding to -š:e in Tsakh. xuna-š:e id. It seems to contain a masculine class marker *-u, but has a feminine meaning.]
Comment: Cf. also Tab. Kand. palq̇Iʷ 'young burdock', Düb. pilq̇i - these forms clearly demonstrate the original quality of the Inlaut resonant. The Rut. and Tsakh. forms reveal a partial contamination with PL *parq̇:ul: q.v. 3d class in Rut., Tsakh. and Bud.
Comment: The root is reduplicated and metathesized in Lezg. and Tab., and has a suffix in Arch. (but cf. also par-bos "to flash (as lightning)". The Ag. and Rut. forms are compounds with c̣aj 'fire' (cf. also the same distorted in Ag. Rich. c̣arf 'lightning').
Comment: The root reveals an initial fluctuation of *p (Rut., Arch.) and *p: (Lezg., Kryz.), probably due to assimilation. Pharyngealization in Rut. is secondary, due to contamination with PL *palq̇Iʷ 'burdock' (which is a quite different root q.v.). 3d class in Arch., but 4th class in Kryz.
Comment: The Ag. root is isolated within Lezgian (cf. only other dialectal forms: bursh. purc̣, fit. murc̣, burk. purc̣/murc̣), but has external parallels.
