Comment: Cf. also Tab. Düb. hūχI-, Ag. Bursh. ad-iX̀a-. The Archi form is a compound of *o=χIi- 'to change' with the first part χ:Ioro- (cf. χ:Ioro-t:u= 'strange, different', χ:Ioro kes 'to change') - which itself is derived from the same verbal root: χ:Ioro- reflects the stem *ʡirχ:Iär- (with regular reduction of the first narrow vowel), while o=χ:Ii- reflects an Ablaut grade *ʡorχ:Iär- (cf. the same Ablaut grade in Rut. -ɨrχIɨ). The Bud. form contains a preverb č-.
Comment: Cf. also Ag. Bursh. ṭišana- / ṭušana- 'to knead (dough), to rub'. The verb belongs to the strong verbal class. All languages except Archi reflect a form with the expressive PL preverb *ṭ-. See Гигинейшвили 1977, 127.
Comment: Cf. also Lezg. Nüt. jüxʷ, Tab. Düb. již̌i, Ulz. jiš:̌, Ag. Bursh. iš:ʷ, Arch. adv. š:ʷi 'at night' ( = Ud. šü 'night'), Ud. üše adv. 'at night'. Bud. adv. juwu-z id. (the form juǯe-nǯiǯ is a result of early delabialisation and assimilation from *ʡiš:ʷe-). Oblique base *ʡiš:ʷa-, cf. Lezg. jife-/fe-, Tab. jiš̌a-, Rut. wɨši-). 4th class in all class-distinguishing languages.
Comment: Cf. Arch. erg. niIš-i (pointing to weak *-šʷ). The root is preserved only in Lezg. and Arch., being superseded in other languages by recent loanwords. The development *ʡɨ(n)šʷ > Lezg. šiw is regular (cf. *ʔis:ʷ > siw 'mouth' etc.). In Arch the initial n- is most probably metathesized from Inlaut.
Comment: Obl. base *ʡʷes:a- or *ʡʷes:e-, cf. Rut. úsu-, Tsakh. osa-, Gelm. oIs,oIs:a-. 4th class in Rut. and Tsakh. The root is preserved only in languages where there occurred a simplification of *-lC-clusters, thus the presence of *-l- in PL is postulated only on external evidence.
Comment: Lezg. erg. jep:-ini. 3d class in all class-distinguishing languages. The obl. base is hard to establish (vocalic base preserved only in Tsakh., with variation ʔIuma-/ʔIumɨ-). The Shakhdagh forms go back to a suffixed building *ʡʷim:V-j. One can not exclude the possibility of relating here also Ud. ülmäj 'button' (if metathesized < *ʡʷim:V-lV-j).
