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Lezghian etymology : Search within this database Total of 1569 records 79 pages
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Back: 1 Forward: 1 20 50 \data\cauc\lezget
Proto-Lezghian: *č:am
Meaning: 1 bride-groom 2 brother-in-law 3 brothers' wives
Lezghian: č:am 1
Tabasaran: ǯam 1
Agul: žam / ǯam 1
Rutul: q̇Iu-ǯäm 2
Tsakhur: q̇Ia-ǯam-ar 3
Comment: The Rut. and Tsakh. forms reflect a compound with *q̇Iʷä- 'two'. Obl. base unclear (the only vocalic obl. base is Ag. Fit. žamu- ).
Proto-Lezghian: *č:aq̇ʷ(a)
Meaning: bird, small bird
Tabasaran: žaq̇ʷ
Agul: žaq̇ʷ
Comment: Oblique base vowel and class unknown. Cf. also forms: Tab. Kand. ǯaq̇ʷ, Düb. ǯaq̇a, Ag. Bursh. ǯaq̇ʷ.
Proto-Lezghian: *č:ar(a)
Meaning: 1 (milk) skin 2 sour cream 3 cream 4 mould
Lezghian: č:ar 1,3
Agul: žar 1
Rutul: ǯar 2
Kryz: ǯer 3,4
Comment: Cf. also Ag. Burk. ǯar 'film, membrane (in meat)', Bursh. ǯar 'flat bread'. There is not enough information to reconstruct the PL obl. stem (only Rut. ǯará- ). 3d class in Rut., 4th class in Kryz. A Lezg. loanword (probably, from Ag.) is Darg. Chir. žer 'bark, skin'.
Proto-Lezghian: *č:at:
Meaning: 1 bellows 2 smithy
Lezghian: č:ad 2
Tabasaran: ǯadan 2
Agul: ǯad 2 (Fit.)
Rutul: ǯad 1 (Khnov.)
Comment: Obl. base *č:at:ɨ- (cf. Lezg. č:at:u- ); the Tab. form contains a productive suffix -an. Cf. also Ag. Burk. (with metathesis) daǯ 'bellows', Bursh. plur. tant. ǯanar ( < *ǯadn-ar = Tab. ǯadan-ar ) id.
Proto-Lezghian: *č:eH ?
Meaning: stone
Udi: žeI
Comment: An isolated Ud. word with obscure etymology.
Proto-Lezghian: *č:i[ḳ]V-
Meaning: short
Tabasaran: žiq:i
Agul: žaq:e-f
Rutul: ǯɨk-dɨ
Tsakhur: ?ǯiṭa-na
Comment: There are difficulties with the second consonant: the Tsakh. form may be explained as a contraction of *č:iK-t:V- (with an old adjective suffix); but the uvular in Tab. and Ag. is unclear. See Хайдаков 1973, 107.
Proto-Lezghian: *č:il
Meaning: 1 earth 2 floor
Lezghian: č:il
Tabasaran: žil
Agul: žil
Rutul: ǯil
Tsakhur: ǯil
Comment: PL *č:il, obl. base *č:ilɨ- (cf. Lezg. č:ili, Tab. ǯili-, Ag. žili-, Rut. ǯili-, Tsakh. ǯile-). See Талибов 1960а, 299.
Proto-Lezghian: *č:inerk:ʷ
Meaning: 1 hawk 2 owl
Lezghian: č:inerug 1
Tabasaran: ǯünerg 1
Agul: ǯinirgʷaj 2
Rutul: ǯinug 1
Comment: In Ag. the word is witnessed only in the Fite dialect. Rut. has variants ǯiniḳʷ / ǯinuḳ / ǯinug (cf. also Ikhr., Khniukh. ǯunug ); glottalisation is obviously secondary, although its source is not clear. 3d class in Rut. See Хайдаков 1973, 17.
Proto-Lezghian: *č:on (~č:ʷ-,-ɨ-,-n:)
Meaning: wine
Archi: čon
Comment: The Archi word is cited from Dirr 1908 and seems to be already extinct by now; however, it has very probable cognates outside Lezghian.
Proto-Lezghian: *č:uk:
Meaning: spindle
Udi: žIuk:
Comment: Isolated in Ud., with a possible Lak. parallel.
Proto-Lezghian: *č:uk:ala /*k:uč:ala
Meaning: 1: bark 2: bast 3: sour cream 4: noodles
Lezghian: čk:al 1
Agul: gužal 1
Rutul: ǯugal 1
Tsakhur: gɨžɨwa 3
Kryz: ǯigäl 2
Budukh: ǯigǝl 4
Comment: Cf. also Ag. (Shaum.) žigal 'bark'. 3d class in Rut., Tsakh.; 4th class in Kryz., Bud. See Талибов 1980,299.
Proto-Lezghian: *č:V
Meaning: not (negative particle)
Lezghian: -č
Rutul: ǯ-
Archi: -ču-gu
Comment: This particle forms the negative past in Lezg., general negative in Rut. and dubitative (in conjunction with another particle -gu ) in Arch. See Aлексеев 1985, 101.
Proto-Lezghian: *-č:V
Meaning: 1 desiderative 2 future definite
Tsakhur: -ǯi 1
Kryz: -ǯänä 2
Proto-Lezghian: *č:Vč:V-
Meaning: red
Udi: č:oIč:a
Comment: Isolated in Ud., with possible Andian parallels.
Proto-Lezghian: *č:ʷäl
Meaning: 1 sheaf 2 fringe, tassel
Lezghian: c:ül / k:ül 1
Agul: žʷal (dial.) 1
Rutul: ǯʷäl 1
Tsakhur: ǯoĺ 1
Archi: čʷal 2
Comment: Cf. also Lezg. Nüt. k:ül, Khl. č:ül, Tsakh. Gelm. ǯʷel 'sheaf'. The Ag. form is cited from Magom., and the dialect is uncertain. 3d class in Rut. and Tsakh., but 4th class in Archi. To judge from Tsakh. Gelm. ǯʷeli-, the oblique base can be reconstructed as *č:ʷälɨ-.
Proto-Lezghian: *č:ʷäṭ(a) (~ -a-)
Meaning: dry dung
Archi: čʷaṭi
Comment: The root is attested only in Arch., but has probable external parallels.
Proto-Lezghian: *č:ʷe
Meaning: what
Lezghian: vu-č
Tsakhur: hiǯo
Comment: Reflexes of *č:ʷe are present only in Lezg. (cf. also erg. k:ü, Khl. č:ü), with secondary unvoicing in Auslaut, and Tsakh.
Proto-Lezghian: *č:ʷerV- ?
Meaning: short
Lezghian: k:ürü
Comment: Isolated in Lezgian (for *č:ʷ- cf. Khl. č:ʷeri) with unknown etymology.
Proto-Lezghian: *č:ʷVm-
Meaning: mouth
Udi: žoImoχ
Comment: The Ud. form (where -oχ is obviously an original plural suffix) is isolated within Lezghian (thus not allowing for a proper vowel reconstruction), but with good external parallels.
Proto-Lezghian: *čoχar- / *č:oʁar-
Meaning: to fade, wither
Lezghian: el-čüχ-
Tabasaran: ču=χ-
Agul: ṭuχa- (Tp.)
Rutul: ǯɨ=ʁIa-
Tsakhur: sa-č̣ɨ=χIar-
Archi: tuχ-
Comment: An expressive root with irregular transformations of the initial consonant (due to its reinterpretation as an expressive preverb). There are some other irregular reflexes: Tab. Khiv. k-cu=χ- 'to curdle, coagulate', Kand., lit. č̣u=χ- (used along with ču=χ- ).
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Total of 1569 records 79 pages
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