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Nakh etymology : Search within this database Total of 970 records 49 pages
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1 20 1 20 \data\cauc\nakhet
Proto-Nakh: *jētt
Meaning: cow
Chechen: jett
Ingush: jett
Batsbi: jett
Comments: Obl. base *ʕātti-, cf. Chech. ätta-, Ing. erg. ʕatto, Bcb. atti-. 6th class in Chech., Ing., 4th class in Bacb.
Proto-Nakh: *j(ɦ)olk
Meaning: sediment after boiling butter
Chechen: jök-aš
Ingush: lok
Comments: The Chech. form is a pluralis tantum. The PN -l- must be reconstructed to account for the exceptional correlation Chech. j- : Ing. l-.
Proto-Nakh: *jic̣ ( ~ -ʒ)
Meaning: pestle, stamper
Chechen: jiz
Comments: Obl. base jiza-. Attested only in Chech., but having probable external parallels.
Proto-Nakh: *jilʁV
Meaning: a k. of tree (used for making whip-handles)
Chechen: jilʁa
Comments: Attested only in Chech., with possible external parallels.
Proto-Nakh: *jīs
Meaning: hoar-frost
Chechen: jis
Ingush: jis
Comments: 4th class in both languages. Obl. base *ʔāse-rV- (Chech. ēsara-, Ing. asaro ).
Proto-Nakh: *jīš
Meaning: 1 voice 2 song, melody
Chechen: jiš 1,2
Ingush: jiš 2
Batsbi: iš 1
Comments: 3d class in Chech., 4th class in Ing. and Bacb. Obl. stem *ʔāše-rV- (cf. Chech. ēšara-, Ing. ašaro, Bacb. ašir- ).
Proto-Nakh: *jīš
Meaning: possibility
Chechen: jiš
Ingush: jiš
Comments: Obl. base *ʔāše-rV-, cf. Chech. ēšara-, Ing. ašaro. 4th class in both languages.
Proto-Nakh: *jobq̇
Meaning: ashes
Chechen: juq̇
Ingush: joq̇
Batsbi: joṗq̇
Comments: Obl. base *ʔabq̇u-r-, cf. Chech. ʔovq̇ara-n, Ing. ʔovq̇aro, Bacb. ʔaṗq̇ajr-i. 4th class in all languages.
Proto-Nakh: *jobsṭ ( ~ -ō-)
Meaning: 1 earth 2 loose earth
Ingush: jost 2
Batsbi: jobsṭ 1
Comments: PN *jobsṭ, *ʔabsṭV-r- (cf. Ing. astaro ). 4th class in Ing., 3d class in Bacb. Without Chech. parallels the vowel length is not clear.
Proto-Nakh: *jōħ
Meaning: large intestine
Chechen: jöħ
Batsbi: ajħi
Comments: PN paradigm: *jōħ, *ʔāħi-. In Bacb. the former oblique stem became direct; in Chech., vice versa, the direct base became oblique: *jōħi-. In its turn, the new oblique base influenced the vocalism of the direct one (jöħ ).
Proto-Nakh: *jōl
Meaning: hay
Chechen: jol
Ingush: jol
Batsbi: jol
Comments: Obl. base *ʔāli- (cf. Chech. ēla-, Ing. älo, Bacb. ali- ). 4th class in all languages.
Proto-Nakh: *jōšV ( ~ *jāšu)
Meaning: a k. of odorous weed
Chechen: jōša
Comments: Attested only in Chech. (and should be distinguished from jūša 'wormwood, absinth' < Pers. jawšon ), but having probable external parallels.
Proto-Nakh: *juq̇
Meaning: waist; middle
Chechen: juq̇
Ingush: juq̇
Batsbi: juq̇
Comments: Obl. base *juq̇a- (cf. Chech. juq̇a-, Ing. juq̇o; in Bacb. there is a separate noun juq̇a 'middle, center', differentiated from juq̇ 'waist'). 4th class in all languages.
Proto-Nakh: *jVrʎ-
Meaning: weeds
Chechen: jar-aš
Ingush: jɔrh
Comments: 4th class in Ing., plur. tant. in Chech. The vowel correspondence is irregular (Chech. has a short -a-, but Ing. ɔ points to long *ā before a following back vowel - indicating an oblique base like *jārʎu- ).
Proto-Nakh: *ka
Meaning: (good) luck (indecl.)
Chechen: ka
Comments: Attested only in Chech., with probable external parallels.
Proto-Nakh: *kaḳ-
Meaning: small, minute
Chechen: keg-ī (pl.)
Ingush: kegij (pl.)
Batsbi: kaḳẽ
Comments: The root is also present in Chech. kag-dan/keg-dan 'break, destroy' ('make minute'), Ing. kag-de, Bacb. keḳ-dar id. Cf. also Chech. Cheb. kagĩ 'small, minute', pl. kagij.
Proto-Nakh: *kamiʒ/*kamis(/-mus)
Meaning: grape
Chechen: kems
Ingush: koms
Batsbi: kaniz
Comments: 4th class in all languages. Variation *ʒ/*s reflects two old PEC variants (present also in other languages). The Chech. and Bacb. forms reflect a vocalic variant *kamis (*kamiʒ ), but Ing. koms presupposes a form *kamus.
Proto-Nakh: *kamu-r / *kumV-l
Meaning: 1 raspberry 2 mulberry
Chechen: komar 2
Ingush: komar 1,2
Batsbi: kumel 1
Comments: Cf. also Chech. c̣ēn komar 'raspberry' (lit. 'red mulberry'). In Ing. the word also means 'strawberry'. The word contains different suffixes in Chech./Ing. and Bacb.; in Bacbi there was, additionally, a vowel metathesis.
Proto-Nakh: *kars (~ -ā-)
Meaning: 1 rope of horse's hair 2 rope of goat's wool
Chechen: kars 1
Ingush: kars 1
Batsbi: karsã 2
Comments: 4th class in all languages. There is not enough information to establish the PN vowel length.
Proto-Nakh: *kart
Meaning: fence, yard
Chechen: kert
Ingush: kart
Comments: Obl. base *karte- (Chech. kerta-, Ing. karto ) had influenced the vowel of the direct base in Chech. 4th class in both languages.
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Total of 970 records 49 pages
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