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Nakh etymology : Search within this database Total of 970 records 49 pages
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1 20 1 \data\cauc\nakhet
Proto-Nakh: *šo
Meaning: mountain goat
Chechen: šo
Comments: The Chech. word is quoted from Карасаев-Мациев 1978, thus vowel length and paradigm are unknown.
Proto-Nakh: *šo
Meaning: span
Chechen: ša
Ingush: šu
Batsbi: še
Comments: 4th class in Chech., 6th class in Ing., 3d class in Bacb. We must reconstruct two variants for PN: *še (reflected in Bacb.) and *šo ( > Ing. šu ). The vowel of the obl. base *ša-ni- ( > Chech. še-n ) in Chech. had influenced the direct base (instead of šo it became ša ). The variation *šo / *še in PN perhaps should be explained by a special development of early PN *šʷe ( < PEC *č̣wimħV ).
Proto-Nakh: *šowV ( ~ -ō-, -ū-)
Meaning: a k. of ramson
Chechen: šu ( ~ šū)
Ingush: šū
Comments: The Chech. word is cited from the Russ.-Chech. dictionary, thus vowel length is unclear.
Proto-Nakh: *šōṗV
Meaning: a k. of ramson
Chechen: šēbu / šöp
Ingush: šüp
Comments: All forms are quoted from Алироев 1975 (also listed there are Kist. šüp and Cheb. šopu ) and their dialectal attribution is not quite clear (that is why there are problems with vocalic reconstruction). The precise meaning of the root is "ramson with broad leaves and stronger smell and taste".
Proto-Nakh: *šu
Meaning: you (2d p. plur.)
Chechen: šu
Ingush: šu
Batsbi: šu
Comments: For the short vowel in PN cf., e.g., Chech. dat. šu-na. The PN ergative can be reconstructed as *ʔašV (Chech. aša, Bacb. ajš; Ing. ɔša has been transformed on analogy with ɔχa 'we').
Proto-Nakh: *šub ( ~ -ū-)
Meaning: 1 hill, height; boundary 2 precipice
Chechen: šū 1
Ingush: šuw 2
Comments: 6th class in Chech. and Ing. Obl. base *šub-na- / *šub-ne- (Chech. šūna-, Usl. šüni-, Ing. šuwno ). 6th class in both languages.
Proto-Nakh: *šulṭq̇V
Meaning: 1 lizard 2 a k. of lizard ("медяница")
Chechen: šaṭq̇am 2
Ingush: šulq̇a 1
Comments: The PN form is probably a reduction < *šulṭ-iḳV (with a common diminutive suffix). The Chech. form has a secondary suffixed -m, joined to the original oblique base *šalṭq̇V- (with Ablaut). 6th class in Chech., 4th class in Ing.
Proto-Nakh: *šun
Meaning: a round 3-legged table
Chechen: šun
Ingush: šu
Comments: Obl. base *šune-, cf. Chech. šüna-, Ing. šuno. 3d class in both languages.
Proto-Nakh: *šura
Meaning: milk
Chechen: šura
Ingush: šura
Batsbi: šur
Comments: 4th class in all languages.
Proto-Nakh: *šVrṭq̇V
Meaning: weasel
Chechen: šaṭq̇a
Ingush: šurṭq̇a
Comments: 6th class in Chech., 3d class in Ing. Vocalism is irregular.
Proto-Nakh: [*-t]
Meaning: imperative plural
Batsbi: -t
Proto-Nakh: *ta-bu
Meaning: ram (1 year old or more)
Chechen: tō
Ingush: tɔ
Batsbi: tawbŭ
Comments: -bu in PN is probably a former plural suffix.
Proto-Nakh: *t-all- ( ~ -ʎʎ-)
Meaning: 1 to explore, check; hunt 2 explorer, hunter
Chechen: tall- 1
Ingush: tallar-χo 2
Comments: Cf. Chech. pret. telli-ra (for short *-a-). In Ingush only a derivate noun is attested.
Proto-Nakh: *t-arʎe-n
Meaning: similar, equal
Chechen: tera
Ingush: tara
Batsbi: tarʎe-nŏ
Comments: The pure stem *t-arʎ- can be seen in Chech. tar-dan 'to place, to fit', Bacb. tarʎ-dar 'to compare', tarʎ-dal- 'to be similar'.
Proto-Nakh: *t-as-
Meaning: 1 to throw, scatter 2 to sow 3 to leave
Chechen: tas- 1,2
Ingush: tass- 1,2
Batsbi: tas- 1,3
Comments: Gemination in Ing. -ss- is not quite clear.
Proto-Nakh: *tāʁV
Meaning: valley
Chechen: tōʁē
Ingush: ataʁe
Comments: 4th class in both languages. Chech. also has a form ātaʁi id. = Ing. ataʁe (reflecting *ʔā-tāʁV with a prefix). Nakh. > Osset. ataɣa 'bank valley' (Abayev 1958, 80).
Proto-Nakh: *tāl
Meaning: 1 poplar 2 chock
Chechen: tal 1
Ingush: täl-g 2
Comments: Obl. base *tālu-, cf. Chech. tōla-. The original meaning had been probably 'stick, tree' (in general), whence the Ing. diminutive *tāl-iḳ > tälg. 3d class in Chech. and Ing.
Proto-Nakh: *tāmu-ri (~tōmari)
Meaning: reed mace
Chechen: tōmari
Comments: Attested only in Chech., with a probable Avar parallel.
Proto-Nakh: *t-ēbč̣- ( ~ -ǯ-)
Meaning: to weep, bemoan
Chechen: tīž-
Comments: Attested only in Chech., but having probable external parallels.
Proto-Nakh: *tēk(u)
Meaning: chamber-pot
Chechen: tök
Ingush: tek
Comments: The original paradigm can be reconstructed as *tēk, *tēku- (cf. Chech. obl. tȫka- ); the obl. base vocalism in Chech. penetrated into the direct base. 4th class in both languages.
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Total of 970 records 49 pages
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