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Back: 1 20 50 Forward: 1 20 50 100 200 \data\china\bigchina
Character: 拭
Modern (Beijing) reading: shì
Preclassic Old Chinese: ƛhǝk
Classic Old Chinese: ƛhǝk
Western Han Chinese: ƛhǝk
Eastern Han Chinese: shǝk
Early Postclassic Chinese: shɨk
Middle Postclassic Chinese: shɨk
Late Postclassic Chinese: shɨk
Middle Chinese: śik
English meaning : to wipe [LZ]
Russian meaning[s]: стирать; протирать, вытирать
Comments: For *ƛh- here cf. Xiamen chit7 , Chaozhou chik7 , Fuzhou chek7 .
Radical: 64
Four-angle index: 6726
Karlgren code: 0918 k
Character: 持
Modern (Beijing) reading: chí
Preclassic Old Chinese: dhrǝ
Classic Old Chinese: dhrǝ
Western Han Chinese: ḍhǝ
Eastern Han Chinese: ḍhǝ
Early Postclassic Chinese: ḍhɨ
Middle Postclassic Chinese: ḍhɨ
Late Postclassic Chinese: ḍhɨ
Middle Chinese: ḍɨ
English meaning : to grasp, hold
Russian meaning[s]: 1) держать в руке; взять, схватить; иметь на руках; 2) держаться; устоять; охранять, сдерживать; 3) поддерживать, содержать; 4) управлять
Comments: For *dh cf. Xiamen, Chaozhou thi2 , Yilan čhi2 ; Siam. thɨ̄, Zhuang tɨ̄ (*dhɨ).
Radical: 64
Four-angle index: 3167
Karlgren code: 0961 p
Vietnamese reading: trì
Character: 拮
Modern (Beijing) reading: jié
Preclassic Old Chinese: kīt
Classic Old Chinese: kīt
Western Han Chinese: kjǝ̄t
Eastern Han Chinese: kiǝ̄t
Early Postclassic Chinese: kiēt
Middle Postclassic Chinese: kiēt
Late Postclassic Chinese: kiēt
Middle Chinese: kiet
English meaning : to grasp
Russian meaning[s]: работать сверх сил; перетрудиться; [jià] надавить, придавить; перен. поставить в тяжелое положение
Comments: Also read *kit, MC kjit, Pek. ji id.
Radical: 64
Four-angle index: 1196
Karlgren code: 0393 n
Character: 拽
Modern (Beijing) reading: zhuài
Russian meaning[s]: потянуть на себя; [zhuāi] 1) бросить, метнуть; 2) свело судорогой (о руке ); [yè] тащить, тянуть
Radical: 64
Four-angle index: 6895
Character: 指
Modern (Beijing) reading: zhǐ
Preclassic Old Chinese: kijʔ
Classic Old Chinese: kíj
Western Han Chinese: kjǝ́j
Eastern Han Chinese: kjǝ́j
Early Postclassic Chinese: kjíj
Middle Postclassic Chinese: kjíj
Late Postclassic Chinese: kjí
Middle Chinese: ćí
English meaning : to point
Russian meaning[s]: 1) палец; 2) показывать; указывать; иметь в виду; 3) опираться на...; полагаться на...; зависеть от...; 4) определять, назначать; направлять; 5) план; стремление; 6) значение, смысл; 7) см. 旨
Comments: Hsieh-sheng and initial ć- < *k- point to an *-i-vowel in OC; however, the only Shijing rhyme (51.1) points rather to *-ǝjʔ, and hence, *tǝjʔ. Not quite clear.
Radical: 64
Four-angle index: 1581
Karlgren code: 0552 f
Vietnamese reading: chi`
Jianchuan Bai: -ci1
Dali Bai: -ci1-
Bijiang Bai: -čer1-
Shijing occurrences: 51.1_
Character: 拱
Modern (Beijing) reading: gǒng
Preclassic Old Chinese: koŋʔ
Classic Old Chinese: kóŋ
Western Han Chinese: kóŋ
Eastern Han Chinese: kóŋ
Early Postclassic Chinese: kóŋ
Middle Postclassic Chinese: kóŋ
Late Postclassic Chinese: kóŋ
Middle Chinese: kö́uŋ
English meaning : join the hands, present with both hands
Russian meaning[s]: 1) приветствовать сжатыми руками (левая рука охватывает правый кулак ), поднятыми на уровень груди; кланяться; 2) держать двумя руками; обхватить; 3) арка, свод; 4) обвязывать; обмотать; 5) подтолкнуть, приподнять
Radical: 64
Four-angle index: 7851
Karlgren code: 1182 e
Character: 拷
Modern (Beijing) reading: kǎo
Russian meaning[s]: бить; истязать; пытать, добиваться пыткой признания
Radical: 64
Four-angle index: 4470
Character: �
Modern (Beijing) reading: kao
Radical: 0
Four-angle index: 0
Character: 拯
Modern (Beijing) reading: zhěng
Preclassic Old Chinese: tǝŋʔ
Classic Old Chinese: tǝ́ŋ
Western Han Chinese: tǝ́ŋ
Eastern Han Chinese: ćǝ́ŋ
Early Postclassic Chinese: ćɨ́ŋ
Middle Postclassic Chinese: ćɨ́ŋ
Late Postclassic Chinese: ćɨ́ŋ
Middle Chinese: ćíŋ
English meaning : to lift up
Russian meaning[s]: помогать, спасать
Radical: 64
Four-angle index: 68
Karlgren code: 0896 i
Character: 括
Modern (Beijing) reading: kuò guā
Preclassic Old Chinese: kʷāt
Classic Old Chinese: kwāt
Western Han Chinese: kwāt
Eastern Han Chinese: kwāt
Early Postclassic Chinese: kwāt
Middle Postclassic Chinese: kwāt
Late Postclassic Chinese: kwāt
Middle Chinese: kwât
English meaning : to bind, tie up, bring together
Russian meaning[s]: 1) включать, обнимать; 2) связывать, завязывать
Comments: Also read Mand. ā; regular Sino-Viet. is quát. In E.Chou also used for a homonymous *kʷāt 'end of an arrow'.
Radical: 64
Four-angle index: 1304
Karlgren code: 0302 h
Vietnamese reading: guột
Character: 拾
Modern (Beijing) reading: shí
Preclassic Old Chinese: g(h)ip
Classic Old Chinese: g(h)ip
Western Han Chinese: g(h)jǝp
Eastern Han Chinese: g(h)jǝp
Early Postclassic Chinese: g(h)jip
Middle Postclassic Chinese: g(h)jip
Late Postclassic Chinese: g(h)jip
Middle Chinese: ʒ́ip
English meaning : an archer's armlet
Russian meaning[s]: 1) десять (начертание прописью ); 2) подобрать, поднять, собрать; 3) привести в порядок, прибрать; [shè] подняться на (ступеньку )
Comments: A later attested (since L.Zhou) meaning is 'to pick up, take'. The character is also attested (since L.Zhou) with the reading *g(h)ap, MC gǝp (FQ 極業) 'to change, alternate'.
Radical: 64
Four-angle index: 1178
Karlgren code: 0687 a
Jianchuan Bai: cɛ2
Dali Bai: ci2
Bijiang Bai: čher2-čer2
Character: 拴
Modern (Beijing) reading: shuān
Russian meaning[s]: 1) привязать, прикрепить; 2) завязать (узел, петлю ); 3) вызывать разлад (ссору); 4) отбирать, выбирать
Radical: 64
Four-angle index: 339
Character: 挑
Modern (Beijing) reading: tiāo
Preclassic Old Chinese: ƛ(h)ēw
Classic Old Chinese: ƛ(h)ēw
Western Han Chinese: l̥jāw (~ ƛh-)
Eastern Han Chinese: l̥iāw
Early Postclassic Chinese: thiēw
Middle Postclassic Chinese: thiēw
Late Postclassic Chinese: thiēw
Middle Chinese: thiew
English meaning : to pick out, dig out; to pick up, carry on the shoulders [Han]
Russian meaning[s]: 1) нести груз на жерди (на плече); 2) выбирать, избирать; [tiǎo] вызывать, провоцировать, вовлекать
Comments: Used also for *Ł(h)ēwʔ, MC díew (FQ 徒了), Pek. (irr.) tiǎo 'to lift up; to arouse, provoke'.
Radical: 64
Four-angle index: 7524
Karlgren code: 1145 o
Jianchuan Bai: tõ2
Dali Bai: to2
Bijiang Bai: to1
Character: 挂
Modern (Beijing) reading: kwạ̈̀
Preclassic Old Chinese: kʷrēs
Classic Old Chinese: kwrēh
Western Han Chinese: kwrēh
Eastern Han Chinese: kwriēh
Early Postclassic Chinese: kwiẹ̄̀
Middle Postclassic Chinese: kwiẹ̄̀
Late Postclassic Chinese: kwiẹ̄̀
English meaning : to suspend [LZ]
Radical: 0
Four-angle index: 0
Karlgren code: 0879 t
Character: 政
Modern (Beijing) reading: zhèng
Preclassic Old Chinese: teŋs
Classic Old Chinese: teŋh
Western Han Chinese: teŋh
Eastern Han Chinese: ćeŋh
Early Postclassic Chinese: ćèŋ
Middle Postclassic Chinese: ćèŋ
Late Postclassic Chinese: ćèŋ
Middle Chinese: ćèŋ
English meaning : to govern; government; government official
Russian meaning[s]: 1) управлять, править; правительственный; административный; 2) принципы управления; политика; политический; 3) режим, уклад; строй; порядок; законы; статут; 4) уст. правитель, глава; 5) выправлять; 6) древн. обложение налогом
Comments: A specialized usage of 正 q.v.
Radical: 66
Four-angle index: 6163
Karlgren code: 0833 r-s
Shijing occurrences: 40.2, 40.3
Character: 故
Modern (Beijing) reading: gù
Preclassic Old Chinese: kās
Classic Old Chinese: kāh
Western Han Chinese: kāh
Eastern Han Chinese: kāh
Early Postclassic Chinese: kṑ
Middle Postclassic Chinese: kṑ
Late Postclassic Chinese: kṑ
Middle Chinese: kò
English meaning : reason
Russian meaning[s]: 1) причина, повод; 2) поэтому, потому-то; 3) дело; событие, происшествие; несчастье; 4) старый; прежний, бывший; привычный; родной; 5) умереть; покойный; 6) намеренно, нарочно; специально; 7) в сущности, по существу
Comments: Schüssler glosses the word as 'old one', thus hinting at the connection with 古 *kāʔ 'old'. But the word never rhymes in shang-sheng, and thus the meaning in these contexts is probably something like 'original' ( < 'reason, origin'). ? Cf. Tib. khag 'object, importance, significance'.
Radical: 66
Four-angle index: 6165
Karlgren code: 0049 i-j
Shijing occurrences: 36.1_
Character: 斫
Modern (Beijing) reading: zhuó
Preclassic Old Chinese: tak
Classic Old Chinese: tak
Western Han Chinese: tak
Eastern Han Chinese: ćak
Early Postclassic Chinese: ćak
Middle Postclassic Chinese: ćak
Late Postclassic Chinese: ćak
Middle Chinese: ćak
English meaning : to cut, hack [LZ]
Russian meaning[s]: рубить, разрубить; разрезать; высекать (на камне )
Radical: 112
Four-angle index: 1984
Karlgren code: 0795 k
Character: 施
Modern (Beijing) reading: shī
Preclassic Old Chinese: ƛaj
Classic Old Chinese: ƛaj
Western Han Chinese: l̥aj
Eastern Han Chinese: śe
Early Postclassic Chinese: śe
Middle Postclassic Chinese: śe
Late Postclassic Chinese: śe
Middle Chinese: śe
English meaning : to apply, bestow, place
Russian meaning[s]: 1) осуществить; ввести в действие; провести в жизнь; 2) применить, употребить; 3) наложить (напр. пудру ); 4) стрелять, выстрелить; 5) выставить напоказ; 6) Ши (фамилия ); [shì] давать, даровать; жертвовать; [yì] распространить на...; растянуть на...; довести до...
Shuowen gloss: 旗旖施也.從�.也聲.齊欒施字子旗.知施者施也.
Comments: The character is also applied to a word *Łaj-s, MC jè (FQ JY 以豉), Mand. yì 'to extend to, reach, spread'; used also in an obscure compound 戚施 *shīkʷ-ƛaj 'toad'.
Radical: 70
Four-angle index: 7266
Karlgren code: 0004 |l ́
Shijing occurrences: 2.1, 7.2, 7.3, 43.3_, 57.4
Character: 既
Modern (Beijing) reading: jì
Preclassic Old Chinese: kǝps
Classic Old Chinese: kǝć
Western Han Chinese: kǝś
Eastern Han Chinese: kǝś
Early Postclassic Chinese: kɨś
Middle Postclassic Chinese: kɨ̀j
Late Postclassic Chinese: kɨ̀j
Middle Chinese: kɨ̀j
English meaning : to complete, have done
Russian meaning[s]: 1) уже; раз уже, поскольку; 2) с последующим 且, 亦 и... (и...); 3) истощить, исчерпать; конец, окончание; 4) Цзи (фамилия )
Comments: Related to 及 *gǝp 'come to, reach', 暨 *grǝp-s 'to reach to, bring with' q. v.
Radical: 71
Four-angle index: 7554
Karlgren code: 0515 c-f
Shijing occurrences: 10.2, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3, 26.4, 35.5, 35.6, 41.1, 41.2, 41.3, 50.3, 54.2, 58.2, 58.5
Character: 春
Modern (Beijing) reading: chūn
Preclassic Old Chinese: thun
Classic Old Chinese: thwǝn
Western Han Chinese: thwǝn
Eastern Han Chinese: ćhwǝn
Early Postclassic Chinese: ćhwin
Middle Postclassic Chinese: ćhwin
Late Postclassic Chinese: ćhwin
Middle Chinese: ćhwin
Fanqie: 出諄
Rhyme class: 真
English meaning : spring
Russian meaning[s]: 1) весна; весенний; 2) новогодний; Новый год; 3) любовь; влюбленность; 4) похотливый; эротический, непристойный; 5) молодость; 6) вино; винная лавка; 7) копошиться, шевелиться, вм. 蠢
Shuowen gloss: 推也. 從艸. 從日. 艸春時生也. 屯聲.
Radical: 72
Four-angle index: 1553
Karlgren code: 0463 a-b
Vietnamese reading: xuân
Jianchuan Bai: chü̃4-
Dali Bai: chui4-
Shijing occurrences: 23.1_
bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-viet,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-reading,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-viet,bigchina-jianchuan,bigchina-dali,bigchina-bijiang,bigchina-shijing,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-reading,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-reading,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-viet,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-jianchuan,bigchina-dali,bigchina-bijiang,bigchina-reading,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-jianchuan,bigchina-dali,bigchina-bijiang,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-shijing,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-shijing,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-shuowen,bigchina-comment,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-shijing,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-shijing,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-fanqie,bigchina-rhyme,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-shuowen,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-viet,bigchina-jianchuan,bigchina-dali,bigchina-shijing,
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