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Character: 失
Modern (Beijing) reading: shī
Preclassic Old Chinese: ƛit
Classic Old Chinese: ƛit
Western Han Chinese: l̥jǝt
Eastern Han Chinese: śǝt
Early Postclassic Chinese: śɨt
Middle Postclassic Chinese: śɨt
Late Postclassic Chinese: śɨt
Middle Chinese: śit
English meaning : to lose, fail, neglect
Russian meaning[s]: 1) потерять, утратить; лишиться; упустить; пропустить; потеря, пропажа; 2) ошибка, промах; погрешность; погрешить против...; заблуждение; 3) заблудиться; уклониться, уйти от...
Comments: Standard Sino-Viet. is thất.
Radical: 37
Four-angle index: 5072
Karlgren code: 0402 a
Vietnamese reading: thiệt
Character: 奴
Modern (Beijing) reading: nú
Preclassic Old Chinese: nhā
Classic Old Chinese: nhā
Western Han Chinese: nhā
Eastern Han Chinese: nhā
Early Postclassic Chinese: nhō
Middle Postclassic Chinese: nhō
Late Postclassic Chinese: nhō
Middle Chinese: no
English meaning : slave [LZ]
Russian meaning[s]: 1) раб; слуга; рабский; 2) уст. я (к властям )
Comments: For *nh- cf. Chaozhou noŋ1 .
Radical: 38
Four-angle index: 5951
Karlgren code: 0094 l-n
Character: 奶
Modern (Beijing) reading: nǎi
Preclassic Old Chinese: nhrējʔ
Classic Old Chinese: nhrḗ
Western Han Chinese: ṇhḗ
Eastern Han Chinese: ṇhiḗ
Early Postclassic Chinese: ṇhiẹ̄́j
Middle Postclassic Chinese: ṇhiẹ̄́j
Late Postclassic Chinese: ṇhiẹ̄́j
Middle Chinese: ṇạ̈́
English meaning : breast, breast milk [post-Tang]
Russian meaning[s]: 1) молоко; груди; сосцы, вымя; кормить грудью; 2) сокр. госпожа, мать
Comments: Also written as 嬭 q.v.; also read *nhējʔ, MC níej id. For *nh cf. Xiamen liŋ1 , ni1 , Longdu nāj1 (*nhēj), Chaozhou ni4 .
Radical: 38
Four-angle index: 4614
Character: 孕
Modern (Beijing) reading: yùn
Preclassic Old Chinese: lǝŋs
Classic Old Chinese: lǝŋh
Western Han Chinese: lǝŋh
Eastern Han Chinese: źǝŋh
Early Postclassic Chinese: źɨ̀ŋ
Middle Postclassic Chinese: jɨ̀ŋ
Late Postclassic Chinese: jɨ̀ŋ
Middle Chinese: jìŋ
English meaning : pregnant
Russian meaning[s]: 1) беременная; забеременеть; 2) зародиться, возникнуть
Comments: Regular Sino-Viet. is dụ'ng.
Radical: 39
Four-angle index: 3073
Karlgren code: 0945 j
Vietnamese reading: ĩnh
Character: 它
Modern (Beijing) reading: tā
Preclassic Old Chinese: slāj
Classic Old Chinese: l̥āj
Western Han Chinese: l̥āj
Eastern Han Chinese: l̥ǟ
Early Postclassic Chinese: thā
Middle Postclassic Chinese: thā
Late Postclassic Chinese: thā
Middle Chinese: thâ
English meaning : other, different
Russian meaning[s]: оно, он, она (о неодушевленных предметах ), вм. 他; [tuō] иной, другой; чужой
Comments: The Yin meaning seems to have been: 'danger, harm, obstacle'.
Radical: 40
Four-angle index: 7013
Karlgren code: 0004 a-e
Character: 尼
Modern (Beijing) reading: ní
Preclassic Old Chinese: nrǝj
Classic Old Chinese: nrǝj
Western Han Chinese: ṇǝj
Eastern Han Chinese: ṇǝj
Early Postclassic Chinese: ṇij
Middle Postclassic Chinese: ṇij
Late Postclassic Chinese: ṇi
Middle Chinese: ṇi
English meaning : near, close [LZ]
Russian meaning[s]: будд. монахиня; [nǐ] остановить
Comments: For *n- cf. Xiamen, Chaozhou, Fuzhou ni2 , Jianou ni9 . Also used for OC *nǝ̄j-s, MC nièj 'stop, obstruct'.
Radical: 44
Four-angle index: 6997
Karlgren code: 0563 a
Character: 巨
Modern (Beijing) reading: jù
Preclassic Old Chinese: gaʔ
Classic Old Chinese: gá
Western Han Chinese: gá
Eastern Han Chinese: gá
Early Postclassic Chinese: gó
Middle Postclassic Chinese: gó
Late Postclassic Chinese: gó
Middle Chinese: gö̀
English meaning : great [LZ]
Russian meaning[s]: 1) огромный, громадный; 2) бесчисленный; во множестве; 3) как?, каким образом?, см. 詎; 4) см. 矩 1); 5) Цзюй (фамилия )
Comments: The original reading of the character must have been *kʷaʔ 'carpenter's square' = 矩, but the loan for *gaʔ 'great' probably occurred early, because it accounts for several *ga-type syllables in the xiesheng series. For *g- cf. Xiamen ku6 , Chaozhou kɨ4 , Fuzhou köü6 .
Radical: 48
Four-angle index: 822
Karlgren code: 0095 a-b
Character: 巧
Modern (Beijing) reading: qiǎo
Preclassic Old Chinese: khrūʔ
Classic Old Chinese: khrū́
Western Han Chinese: khrǝ̄́w
Eastern Han Chinese: khrǝ̄́w
Early Postclassic Chinese: khǝ̣̄́w
Middle Postclassic Chinese: khạ̄́w
Late Postclassic Chinese: khạ̄́w
Middle Chinese: khạ́w
English meaning : be artful, skilful, clever
Russian meaning[s]: 1) ловкий; искусный; сноровка; отлично, хорошо; искусная работа; 2) фальшивый; 3) случайно; кстати; 4) 8-е число (в телеграммах )
Comments: Also read OC *khrūʔ-s, MC khạ̀w id. Regular Sino-Viet. is xa`o.
Radical: 48
Four-angle index: 4429
Karlgren code: 1041 l
Vietnamese reading: khiếu
Shijing occurrences: 57.2
Character: 左
Modern (Beijing) reading: zuǒ
Preclassic Old Chinese: cājʔ
Classic Old Chinese: cā́j
Western Han Chinese: cā́j
Eastern Han Chinese: cǟ́
Early Postclassic Chinese: cā́
Middle Postclassic Chinese: cā́
Late Postclassic Chinese: cā́
Middle Chinese: cấ
English meaning : be left (side), be to the left
Russian meaning[s]: 1) левый; влево, налево; 2) плохой; неправильный; ошибочный; 3) отклоняться; расходиться (напр. во мнениях ); 4) помогать; помощник; вспомогательный, побочный; 5) привести доказательство, подкрепить аргументом; 6) восточная сторона; 7) нижеследующий; ниже (по должности ); 8) Цзо (фамилия )
Shuowen gloss: �手相左也.從�工.凡左之屬皆從左.
Comments: In some inscriptions glossed also as 'to oppose' which is rather dubious. Etymologically connected is 佐 OC *cājʔ-s, MC cầ, Mand. zuǒ (phonetically under the influence of 左) 'to help, assist' q.v.
Radical: 48
Four-angle index: 104
Karlgren code: 0005 a-d
Vietnamese reading: ta`
Shijing occurrences: 1.2, 38.3
Character: 市
Modern (Beijing) reading: shì
Preclassic Old Chinese: dhǝʔ
Classic Old Chinese: dhǝ́
Western Han Chinese: dhǝ́
Eastern Han Chinese: ʒhǝ́
Early Postclassic Chinese: ʒhɨ́
Middle Postclassic Chinese: ʒ́hɨ́
Late Postclassic Chinese: ʒ́hɨ́
Middle Chinese: ʒ́ɨ́
English meaning : market, market place
Russian meaning[s]: 1) рынок, базар; рыночный; торговые сделки; котировка на рынке; торговать; продавать; покупать; приобретать; привлекать к себе; 2) город; городской; городского стандарта (о мерах ); 3) Ши (фамилия )
Comments: Regular Sino-Viet. is thị. For *dh- cf. Xiamen chi6 , Chaozhou chi4 , Fuzhou che6 , Jianou chi7 .
Radical: 50
Four-angle index: 3920
Karlgren code: 0963 a
Vietnamese reading: chọ'
Jianchuan Bai: ci1
Dali Bai: ci1
Bijiang Bai: ǯẽr1-
Character: 布
Modern (Beijing) reading: bù
Preclassic Old Chinese: pās
Classic Old Chinese: pāh
Western Han Chinese: pāh
Eastern Han Chinese: pāh
Early Postclassic Chinese: pṑ
Middle Postclassic Chinese: pṑ
Late Postclassic Chinese: pṑ
Middle Chinese: pò
English meaning : cloth
Russian meaning[s]: 1) холст; полотно; материя; мануфактура; 2) расставлять, располагать; распределять; 3) опубликовывать, объявлять; распространять; вводить; 4) монета; валюта; 5) сокр. большевики; 6) Бу (фамилия )
Comments: Cf. 溥 *phāʔ be vast, wide, 鋪 *phā , *pha spread out, 誧 *pāʔ , *phāʔ , *phāʔs big, large, increase.
Radical: 50
Four-angle index: 3860
Karlgren code: 0102 j-l
Shijing occurrences: 58.1
Character: 平
Modern (Beijing) reading: píng
Preclassic Old Chinese: bhreŋ
Classic Old Chinese: bhreŋ
Western Han Chinese: bhreŋ
Eastern Han Chinese: bhreŋ
Early Postclassic Chinese: bheŋ
Middle Postclassic Chinese: bheŋ
Late Postclassic Chinese: bheŋ
Middle Chinese: bäiŋ
English meaning : be level, even, just, peaceful
Russian meaning[s]: 1) ровный; горизонтальный; равнина; уровень; 2) равный; средний; в среднем; сравнять; поровну; 3) обычный, рядовой, заурядный; 4) справедливый, беспристрастный; 5) мир; мирный, спокойный; успокоиться, утихомириться; умиротворить; усмирить; подавить; покорить; 6) весы, безмен; равновесие; взвесить; уравновесить; 7) фон. пин (название тона ); 8) сокр. стар. г. Бэйпин; 9) Пин (фамилия )
Comments: For *bh- cf. Chaozhou, Fuzhou phing2 . The character is also used for a phonetically similar word: biàn, MC bjen, bạ̈̀n, OC *ben, *brēn-s 'to distinguish, discriminate, arrange properly', obviously related to 辯 *brenʔ id. q.v. In Viet. the literary reading is bình. Another probable colloquial loan from the same source is Viet. phă`ng 'level, even, plane'.
Radical: 51
Four-angle index: 2376
Karlgren code: 0825 a-b
Vietnamese reading: bằng
Jianchuan Bai: pɛ̃7
Dali Bai: per7-, per2
Bijiang Bai: pã7-, pa7
Shijing occurrences: 24.2, 24.3, 31.2
Character: 幼
Modern (Beijing) reading: yòu
Preclassic Old Chinese: ʔiws (~ -kʷs)
Classic Old Chinese: ʔiwh
Western Han Chinese: ʔjǝwh
Eastern Han Chinese: ʔjǝwh
Early Postclassic Chinese: ʔjìw
Middle Postclassic Chinese: ʔjìw
Late Postclassic Chinese: ʔjìw
Middle Chinese: ʔjí̀w
English meaning : be young
Russian meaning[s]: 1) младенец; младенческий; детство; молодой, юный; слабый, зачаточный; 2) Ю (фамилия )
Radical: 52
Four-angle index: 4723
Karlgren code: 1115 f
Vietnamese reading: ấu
Character: 弁
Modern (Beijing) reading: biàn
Preclassic Old Chinese: b(h)rens
Classic Old Chinese: b(h)renh
Western Han Chinese: b(h)rjanh
Eastern Han Chinese: b(h)ranh
Early Postclassic Chinese: b(h)èn
Middle Postclassic Chinese: b(h)èn
Late Postclassic Chinese: b(h)èn
Middle Chinese: bèn
English meaning : a cap
Russian meaning[s]: 1) древн. церемониальный головной убор; 2) военный чин; офицер; 3) спешить, торопиться, вм. 卞
Comments: Karlgren considers 弁 and 卞 to be variants of one and the same character, which seems dubious. The character 弁 occurs once within a rhyming sequence in Shijing, where it seems to rhyme in *-en-s, but other words in the series and the graphic connection with 畚 etc. point rather to *-ar / *-ǝr. It is probable that 卞 was an *-en-series, while 弁 was an *-ar-series, and they were confused later, after *-r > -n, due to graphic similarity. Thus, 弁 "fly" (considered to be a loan for 抃 q.v.) must be reconstructed as *phar (MC phwǝn, Pek. fān) and is probably the original reading of the character, while 卞 (q.v.) must be reconstructed as *b(h)rens with the original meaning "cap".
Radical: 55
Four-angle index: 2761
Karlgren code: 0220 a
Shijing occurrences: 55.2
Character: 弘
Modern (Beijing) reading: hóng
Preclassic Old Chinese: g(h)ʷǝ̄ŋ
Classic Old Chinese: g(h)wǝ̄ŋ
Western Han Chinese: gwǝ̄ŋ (~ ɣ-)
Eastern Han Chinese: gwǝ̄ŋ (~ ɣ-)
Early Postclassic Chinese: gwǝ̄ŋ (~ ɣ-)
Middle Postclassic Chinese: gwǝ̄ŋ (~ ɣ-)
Late Postclassic Chinese: gwǝ̄ŋ (~ ɣ-)
Middle Chinese: ɣwʌŋ
English meaning : be extensive, vast, wide
Russian meaning[s]: 1) большой, обширный; распространять(ся); увеличивать(ся); развивать(ся); 2) Хун (фамилия )
Radical: 57
Four-angle index: 8622
Karlgren code: 0887 g
Character: 弗
Modern (Beijing) reading: fú
Preclassic Old Chinese: pǝt
Classic Old Chinese: pǝt
Western Han Chinese: pǝt
Eastern Han Chinese: pwǝt
Early Postclassic Chinese: pwɨt
Middle Postclassic Chinese: pwɨt
Late Postclassic Chinese: pwɨt
Middle Chinese: püt
Fanqie: 夫物
Rhyme class: 物
English meaning : indicative-volitional negative: cannot, does not want to, not
Russian meaning[s]: 1) нельзя; не быть в состоянии; не желать; не; 2) американский доллар ($); 3) уст. хим. фтор, см. 氟; 4) сокр. вольт
Shuowen gloss: 橋也. 從丿. 從乀. 從韋省.
Comments: One of the OC *p-negations; see 不. Also used for *pǝt "not...it, them" (a fusion of 不 *pǝ and 之 *tǝ); although this usage is the basic one during late Zhou, it is rarely met in early texts. The character has also a homonymous reading *pǝt 'gust of wind', which may be the original meaning of the graph.
Radical: 57
Four-angle index: 4658
Karlgren code: 0500 a-c
Shijing occurrences: 28.1, 28.2, 28.3, 56.1, 56.2, 56.3
Character: 必
Modern (Beijing) reading: bì
Preclassic Old Chinese: pit
Classic Old Chinese: pit
Western Han Chinese: pjǝt
Eastern Han Chinese: pjǝt
Early Postclassic Chinese: pjit
Middle Postclassic Chinese: pjit
Late Postclassic Chinese: pjit
Middle Chinese: pjit
English meaning : be necessary, must
Russian meaning[s]: 1) непременно, обязательно; часто указывает на будущее время ; 2) с последующим отрицанием ни в коем случае, никак
Radical: 61
Four-angle index: 8510
Karlgren code: 0405 a-b
Shijing occurrences: 37.2
Character: 戊
Modern (Beijing) reading: wù mòu
Preclassic Old Chinese: mūʔs
Classic Old Chinese: mūh
Western Han Chinese: mǝ̄wh
Eastern Han Chinese: mǝ̄wh
Early Postclassic Chinese: mṑw
Middle Postclassic Chinese: mǝ̄̀w
Late Postclassic Chinese: mǝ̄̀w
Middle Chinese: mʌ̀w
Fanqie: 暮候
Rhyme class: 宥 [a] 有 [b]
English meaning : the 5th of the Heavenly Stems
Russian meaning[s]: 5-й циклический знак десятеричного цикла
Shuowen gloss: 中宮也. 象六甲五龍相拘絞也. 戊承丁. 象人脅. 凡戊之屬皆從戊.
Comments: MC mʌ̀w is irregular: mầw would be normally expected (for the rhyming of this xiesheng series see under 茂). Modern wù is also irregular (there is also a regular reflex of mʌ̀w - mod. mòu). For *m cf. Chaozhou bau6 , Fuzhou muo6 , Jianou mu6 .
Radical: 62
Four-angle index: 6836
Karlgren code: 1231 a
Character: 打
Modern (Beijing) reading: dǎ
Preclassic Old Chinese: tēŋʔ
Classic Old Chinese: tḗŋ
Western Han Chinese: tḗŋ
Eastern Han Chinese: tiḗŋ
Early Postclassic Chinese: tiḗŋ
Middle Postclassic Chinese: tiḗŋ
Late Postclassic Chinese: tiḗŋ
Middle Chinese: tíeŋ
English meaning : to hit, strike, beat [L.Han]
Russian meaning[s]: 1) бить; ударять; молотить; сражаться; 2) играть в... (на...); ударять в...; 3) разбить (посуду ); 4) наладить, упорядочить; 5) завязать (узел ); заплести (косу ); 6) сколотить (компанию ); 7) сделать, сфабриковать; ковать; 8) поесть платье (о моли ); 9) колотиться (о сердце ); быть в возбуждении; 10) рассчитать, сосчитать; считать на счетах; 11) отгадывать; 12) добыть, обзавестись; купить; 13) собрать, снять (об урожае ); 14) из, от; 15) глагол, указывающий на введение в действие того или иного предмета или средства ; [dá] дюжина
Comments: Also read OC *trēŋʔ, MC ṭạ́iŋ id. The strange -ŋ-less reading is first attested in Zhengyün (FQ 都 瓦 = *tá). Most Sino-external systems reflect the latter reading; note, however, Viet. d_ánh 'to beat, hit' which probably directly reflects MC tíeŋ (although with an aberrant tone).
Radical: 64
Four-angle index: 2935
Vietnamese reading: d_a`
Jianchuan Bai: tɛ̃6
Dali Bai: ter6
Character: 扔
Modern (Beijing) reading: rēng
Preclassic Old Chinese: nhǝŋ
Classic Old Chinese: nhǝŋ
Western Han Chinese: nhǝŋ
Eastern Han Chinese: ńhǝŋ
Early Postclassic Chinese: ńhɨŋ
Middle Postclassic Chinese: ńhɨŋ
Late Postclassic Chinese: ńhɨŋ
Middle Chinese: ńiŋ
English meaning : to pull, push
Russian meaning[s]: 1) бросать, метать; 2) выбрасывать; [rèng] 1) принудить; втянуть; 2) подталкивать, торопить
Comments: For *nh cf. Xiamen liŋ1 , Fuzhou neŋ1 .
Radical: 64
Four-angle index: 4612
Karlgren code: 0945 f
bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-viet,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-viet,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-viet,bigchina-shijing,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-shuowen,bigchina-comment,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-viet,bigchina-shijing,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-viet,bigchina-jianchuan,bigchina-dali,bigchina-bijiang,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-shijing,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-viet,bigchina-jianchuan,bigchina-dali,bigchina-bijiang,bigchina-shijing,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-viet,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-shijing,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-fanqie,bigchina-rhyme,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-shuowen,bigchina-comment,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-shijing,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-shijing,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-fanqie,bigchina-rhyme,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-shuowen,bigchina-comment,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-viet,bigchina-jianchuan,bigchina-dali,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,
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