Chinese characters : Query result

Character: 皈

Modern (Beijing) reading: guī

Russian meaning[s]: см. 歸

Radical: 106

Four-angle index: 5962

Character: 盈

Modern (Beijing) reading: yíng

Preclassic Old Chinese: leŋ

Classic Old Chinese: leŋ

Western Han Chinese: leŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: źeŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: źeŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: jeŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: jeŋ

Middle Chinese: jeŋ

English meaning : to fill, satisfy

Russian meaning[s]: 1) полный; полностью; заполнить; 2) излишек; изобилие; переполнить; 3) доход, прибыль

Shuowen gloss: 滿器也.從皿**. [212]

Comments: For initial *l- cf. Min forms: Xiamen iã2, Chaozhou ieŋ2, Fuzhou iŋ2.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 108

Four-angle index: 691

Karlgren code: 0815 a-b

Vietnamese reading: doanh

Shijing occurrences: 3.1, 12.3_, 34.2_

Character: 盆

Modern (Beijing) reading: pén

Preclassic Old Chinese: bhǝ̄n

Classic Old Chinese: bhǝ̄n

Western Han Chinese: bhǝ̄n

Eastern Han Chinese: bhǝ̄n

Early Postclassic Chinese: bhǝ̄n

Middle Postclassic Chinese: bhǝ̄n

Late Postclassic Chinese: bhǝ̄n

Middle Chinese: bon

English meaning : tub [L.Zhou]

Russian meaning[s]: глиняный таз; большая чашка

Comments: For *bh- cf. Xiamen phun², Chaozhou phuŋ².

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 108

Four-angle index: 686

Karlgren code: 0471 s-t

Jianchuan Bai: -pã2

Dali Bai: -pa2

Character: 盃

Modern (Beijing) reading: bēi

Russian meaning[s]: рюмка, стакан, см. 杯

Radical: 108

Four-angle index: 715

Character: 盅

Modern (Beijing) reading: zhōng

Preclassic Old Chinese: thruŋ

Classic Old Chinese: thruŋ

Western Han Chinese: ṭhǝuŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: ṭhǝuŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: ṭhɨuŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ṭhuŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: ṭhuŋ

Middle Chinese: ṭhüŋ

English meaning : empty

Russian meaning[s]: чарка, рюмка, бокал; кубок; пустой сосуд

Comments: Also read *dhruŋ, MC ḍüŋ id. Mod. zhōng is secondary (on analogy with 中).

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Radical: 108

Four-angle index: 677

Karlgren code: 1007 o

Character: 省

Modern (Beijing) reading: shěng

Preclassic Old Chinese: sreŋʔ

Classic Old Chinese: sréŋ

Western Han Chinese: ṣéŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: ṣéŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: ṣéŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ṣéŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: ṣéŋ

Middle Chinese: ṣä́iŋ

English meaning : to inspect, examine, scrutinize

Russian meaning[s]: 1) провинция, губерния; 2) экономить, беречь; сокращать; 3) яп. министерство; [xǐng] 1) вникать; исследовать; 2) очнуться, осознать; 3) навестить родителей на родине

Comments: Also read *seŋʔ, MC sjéŋ, Mand. xǐng id. A later meaning is ('what is inspected' >) 'province'. Standard Sino-Viet. is ti`nh. Of Austric origin? - cf. Bahnar *tǝ-cǝŋ, Khmer ʒǝńʒɨŋ 'think, meditate'.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 109

Four-angle index: 1697

Karlgren code: 0812 l-p

Vietnamese reading: tính

Character: 盹

Modern (Beijing) reading: dǔn

Russian meaning[s]: дремать; дремота

Radical: 109

Four-angle index: 7243

Character: 相

Modern (Beijing) reading: xiāng

Preclassic Old Chinese: saŋ

Classic Old Chinese: saŋ

Western Han Chinese: saŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: sjaŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: sjaŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: sjaŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: sjaŋ

Middle Chinese: sjaŋ

English meaning : each other, mutually

Russian meaning[s]: 1) взаимный, обоюдный; один другого, друг друга, вместе; глагольный префикс, указывающий а) на взаимный характер действия; б) на направленность действия многих субъектов на один или несколько объектов; 2) Сян (фамилия); [xiàng] 1) смотреть на...; 2) исследовать; 3) гадать по...; смотря по..., согласно; 4) помогать, содействовать; 5) внешний вид, изображение, форма; знак, признак; 6) министр; управлять

Comments: Also read *saŋ-s, MC sjàŋ (FQ 息亮), Mand. xiàng, Viet. tu'ó'ng 'to help, aid, assist; to look at, inspect' (later also: 'what is inspected' > 'appearance, physiognomy'). Most probably a *-ŋ-suffixed form of *sa, see 胥.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 109

Four-angle index: 1669

Karlgren code: 0731 a-c

Go-on: sau

Kan-on: siyau

Japanese reading: sō;shō;ai;miru;tasukeru

Vietnamese reading: tu'o'ng

Shijing occurrences: 29.2, 52.1, 52.2, 52.3

Character: 眉

Modern (Beijing) reading: méi

Preclassic Old Chinese: mrǝj

Classic Old Chinese: mrǝj

Western Han Chinese: mrǝj

Eastern Han Chinese: mrǝj

Early Postclassic Chinese: mij

Middle Postclassic Chinese: mij

Late Postclassic Chinese: mi

Middle Chinese: mi

English meaning : eyebrow; bank, coast; edge; moment

Russian meaning[s]: 1) брови; 2) край, рамка; поля (вверху страницы)

Comments: Standard Sino-Viet. is mi. For *m- cf. Xiamen mai², bai², Chaozhou bai², Fuzhou mi².

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 109

Four-angle index: 1679

Karlgren code: 0567 a-c

Vietnamese reading: mày

Jianchuan Bai: -me4

Dali Bai: -me5

Bijiang Bai: -mie2

Shijing occurrences: 57.2_

Character: 看

Modern (Beijing) reading: kàn

Preclassic Old Chinese: khāns (~ -rs)

Classic Old Chinese: khānh

Western Han Chinese: khānh

Eastern Han Chinese: khānh

Early Postclassic Chinese: khā̀n

Middle Postclassic Chinese: khā̀n

Late Postclassic Chinese: khā̀n

Middle Chinese: khần

English meaning : to inquire, investigate; to see,look [Han]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) смотреть; просматривать, читать (про себя); 2) навещать; зайти, заглянуть; 3) обходиться как с...; принимать за...; 4) попробовать; посмотрим; 5) думать, считать, полагать; 6) зависеть от...; в зависимости от...; 7) предупредить, уберечься от...; 8) как кажется; как будто; 9) подойти с (чьей-л.) точки зрения; [kān] 1) следить за...; присматривать; ухаживать за (больным, ребенком); 2) охранять, взять под надзор; задержать, арестовать

Comments: Also read *khān (~-r), MC khân, Mand. kān 'to guard, preserve' [Sui].

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 109

Four-angle index: 1684

Karlgren code: 0142 a

Vietnamese reading: khán

Jianchuan Bai: xã4, ?ã1

Dali Bai: xa4

Bijiang Bai: ?e1

Character: 盾

Modern (Beijing) reading: dùn

Preclassic Old Chinese: lūnʔ (~ -rʔ)

Classic Old Chinese: lwǝ̄́n

Western Han Chinese: lwǝ̄́n

Eastern Han Chinese: lwǝ̄́n

Early Postclassic Chinese: dwǝ̄́n

Middle Postclassic Chinese: dwǝ̄́n

Late Postclassic Chinese: dwǝ̄́n

Middle Chinese: dón

English meaning : shield

Russian meaning[s]: 1) щит; 2) гульден (голландский)

Comments: Also read *lunʔ (~-rʔ) id.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 109

Four-angle index: 1689

Karlgren code: 0465 a

Character: 盼

Modern (Beijing) reading: pàn

Preclassic Old Chinese: phrǝ̄ns

Classic Old Chinese: phrǝ̄nh

Western Han Chinese: phrǝ̄nh

Eastern Han Chinese: phrǝ̄nh

Early Postclassic Chinese: phǝ̣̄̀n

Middle Postclassic Chinese: phiǝ̣̄̀n

Late Postclassic Chinese: phiǝ̣̄̀n

Middle Chinese: phạ̈̀n

English meaning : black and white well contrasted

Russian meaning[s]: 1) надеяться, ждать; желать; 2) красивый, ясный (о глазах)

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 109

Four-angle index: 4193

Karlgren code: 0471 x

Shijing occurrences: 57.2_

Character: 眇

Modern (Beijing) reading: miǎo

Preclassic Old Chinese: m(h)ewʔ

Classic Old Chinese: m(h)éw

Western Han Chinese: m(h)jáw

Eastern Han Chinese: m(h)jáw

Early Postclassic Chinese: m(h)jéw

Middle Postclassic Chinese: m(h)jéw

Late Postclassic Chinese: m(h)jéw

Middle Chinese: mjéw

English meaning : be small, insignificant, weak-sighted

Russian meaning[s]: 1) один глаз больше другого; кривой; 2) прищуриваться; прицеливаться; 3) маленький, мельчайший, ничтожный, тонкий; нежный

Radical: 109

Four-angle index: 4058

Karlgren code: 1158 a

Character: 矜

Modern (Beijing) reading: jīn

Preclassic Old Chinese: kriŋ

Classic Old Chinese: kriŋ

Western Han Chinese: kriŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: kriŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: kiŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: kiŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: kiŋ

Middle Chinese: kɨŋ

English meaning : be pitiable; be vigorous

Russian meaning[s]: 1) сочувствовать, сострадать; сокрушаться; жалеть; 2) ценить, уважать; внушительный; сдержанный; уверенный; 3) хвастать; бахвальство, кичливость; 4) достоинство, солидность; [guān] 1) бобыль, одинокий; 2) болезнь

Comments: The original meaning is 'lance shaft' (attested during LZ). The readings are rather exceptional: in MC the character is also read gin (pointing to *grin < *griŋ); the word rhymes in *-in in Shijing which points to original *-iŋ. It also serves as a loan for 鰥 *kʷrǝ̄n (q. v.) in Shijing.

Radical: 110

Four-angle index: 2791

Karlgren code: 0369 a

Character: 砂

Modern (Beijing) reading: shā

Russian meaning[s]: гравий; мелкая галька; песок

Radical: 112

Four-angle index: 4057

Character: 研

Modern (Beijing) reading: yán

Preclassic Old Chinese: ŋhēn

Classic Old Chinese: ŋhēn

Western Han Chinese: ŋhjān

Eastern Han Chinese: ŋhiān

Early Postclassic Chinese: ŋhiēn

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ŋhiēn

Late Postclassic Chinese: ŋhiēn

Middle Chinese: ŋien

English meaning : to grind, polish; to explore

Russian meaning[s]: 1) доискиваться; вникать, изучать; 2) растирать; тонко раскатывать; [yàn] тушечница; растирать тушь, см. 硯

Comments: Attested as early as in Yijing (in the meaning 'explore, investigate'), but absent from Schüssler's dictionary. There is also a reading *ŋhēn-s, MC ŋìen, Mand. yàn 'a device for grinding ink', first attested during Han and more frequently written as 硯 (with Min reflexes: Xiamen hĩ⁶, Chaozhou ĩ⁶, Fuzhou ŋieŋ⁵). Viet. has also a colloquial reading nghiến, but standard Sino-Viet. is nghiên with the 1st tone (all three readings are very much confused in Viet.). For *ŋh- cf. Xiamen gian¹, Fuzhou ŋieŋ¹, ŋieŋ⁵, Meixian ŋan¹.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 112

Four-angle index: 2349

Karlgren code: 0239 g-h

Vietnamese reading: nghiền

Character: 砌

Modern (Beijing) reading: qiè

Russian meaning[s]: 1) каменные ступени; 2) мостить, выкладывать (камнем, кирпичом); возводить

Radical: 112

Four-angle index: 4183

Character: 砍

Modern (Beijing) reading: kǎn

Russian meaning[s]: 1) рубить; разрубать; отрубать; 2) ударить (ножом; камнем); бросить в...

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 112

Four-angle index: 4802

Character: 祆

Modern (Beijing) reading: xiān

Russian meaning[s]: Атар (бог огня у древних персов); поклонение огню; зороастризм

Radical: 113

Four-angle index: 5011

Character: 祉

Modern (Beijing) reading: zhǐ

Preclassic Old Chinese: thrǝʔ

Classic Old Chinese: thrǝ́

Western Han Chinese: ṭhǝ́

Eastern Han Chinese: ṭhǝ́

Early Postclassic Chinese: ṭhɨ́

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ṭhɨ́

Late Postclassic Chinese: ṭhɨ́

Middle Chinese: ṭhɨ́

English meaning : blessings

Russian meaning[s]: счастье, благополучие (встречается в заключительной формуле письма, где перед 祉 вставляется иероглиф, указывающий на повод, по которому написано письмо)

Radical: 113

Four-angle index: 475

Karlgren code: 0961 k