Chinese characters : Query result

Character: 屐

Modern (Beijing) reading: jī

Preclassic Old Chinese: ghrek

Classic Old Chinese: ghrek

Western Han Chinese: ghrek

Eastern Han Chinese: ghrek

Early Postclassic Chinese: ghek

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ghek

Late Postclassic Chinese: ghek

Middle Chinese: gäik

English meaning : wooden footwear [Han]

Comments: For *gh cf. Fuzhou khiak⁸.

Radical: 0

Four-angle index: 0

Character: 峭

Modern (Beijing) reading: qiào

Preclassic Old Chinese: shaws

Classic Old Chinese: shawh

Western Han Chinese: shawh

Eastern Han Chinese: shjawh

Early Postclassic Chinese: shjèw

Middle Postclassic Chinese: shjèw

Late Postclassic Chinese: shjèw

Middle Chinese: chjèw

English meaning : high, precipitous [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) отвесный (о горах); опасный; 2) сильный; 3) жестокий; суровый

Radical: 46

Four-angle index: 3580

Karlgren code: 1149 r

Character: 峽

Modern (Beijing) reading: xià

Preclassic Old Chinese: grēp

Classic Old Chinese: grēp

Western Han Chinese: grjāp

Eastern Han Chinese: griāp

Early Postclassic Chinese: giẹ̄p

Middle Postclassic Chinese: giẹ̄p

Late Postclassic Chinese: giẹ̄p

Middle Chinese: ɣạ̈p

English meaning : ravine, gorge [Han]

Russian meaning[s]: теснины, ущелье; пролив

Comments: For *g- cf. Chaozhou kiap⁸ (Xiamen kiap⁷ reflects an unattested variant *krēp).

Radical: 46

Four-angle index: 4995

Character: 峻

Modern (Beijing) reading: jùn

Preclassic Old Chinese: surs

Classic Old Chinese: swǝnh

Western Han Chinese: swǝnh

Eastern Han Chinese: sjwǝnh

Early Postclassic Chinese: sjwìn

Middle Postclassic Chinese: sjwìn

Late Postclassic Chinese: sjwìn

Middle Chinese: sjwìn

English meaning : lofty

Russian meaning[s]: 1) высокий, возвышенный, большой; отвесный, утесистый; опасный; 2) строгий; 3) вспыльчивый; 4) жестокий; 5) быстро; весьма; стремглав

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Radical: 46

Four-angle index: 6311

Karlgren code: 0468 z

Character: 峪

Modern (Beijing) reading: yù

Russian meaning[s]: 嘉峪關 горный проход Цзяюйгуань (в провинции Ганьсу)

Radical: 46

Four-angle index: 1363

Character: 峨

Modern (Beijing) reading: é

Preclassic Old Chinese: ŋāj

Classic Old Chinese: ŋāj

Western Han Chinese: ŋāj

Eastern Han Chinese: ŋǟ

Early Postclassic Chinese: ŋā

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ŋā

Late Postclassic Chinese: ŋā

Middle Chinese: ŋâ

English meaning : be high

Russian meaning[s]: высокий; высь; выситься (о горах)

Comments: For *ŋ- cf. Fuzhou, Jianou ŋɔ².

Radical: 46

Four-angle index: 6768

Karlgren code: 0002 k

Character: 峰

Modern (Beijing) reading: fēng

Russian meaning[s]: горный пик, горная вершина

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 46

Four-angle index: 2552

Character: 島

Modern (Beijing) reading: dǎo

Preclassic Old Chinese: tūʔ

Classic Old Chinese: tū́

Western Han Chinese: tǝ̄́w

Eastern Han Chinese: tǝ̄́w

Early Postclassic Chinese: tǝ̄́w

Middle Postclassic Chinese: tā́w

Late Postclassic Chinese: tā́w

Middle Chinese: tấw

English meaning : island

Russian meaning[s]: остров; островной

Comments: Attested in Shujing, but absent from Schüssler's dictionary.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 46

Four-angle index: 4488

Karlgren code: 1116 c

Character: 峴

Modern (Beijing) reading: xian

Radical: 0

Four-angle index: 0

Character: 差

Modern (Beijing) reading: chā

Preclassic Old Chinese: shrāj

Classic Old Chinese: shrāj

Western Han Chinese: ṣhāj

Eastern Han Chinese: ṣhǟ

Early Postclassic Chinese: ṣhạ̄

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ṣhạ̄

Late Postclassic Chinese: ṣhạ̄

Middle Chinese: c̣hạ

English meaning : divergence, difference, distinction

Russian meaning[s]: 1) ошибаться; ошибка; 2) разница; различаться; [chà] недоставать; уступать, быть хуже; плохой; [chāi] 1) командировать, дать поручение; 2) поручение; 3) посланец; курьер; 4) заключенный, преступник; [cī] 1) беспорядочный; неровный; 2) разница; 3) порядок; ранг; [cuō] см. 蹉

Shuowen gloss: 貣也.左不相值也.從左傘.

Comments: The character is also read as MC c̣hạ̈j (FQ 楚皆), Mand. chāi 'to choose, select' - although this is most probably a MC dialectal variant of the same word ('choose' = 'make a disinction between').

Another reading of the character, also attested very early, is OC shraj, MC c̣he (FQ 楚宜), Pek. cī, Viet. si 'be graduated, of different length', normally in synonymous compounds: 參差 *shrǝm-shraj, 差池 *shraj-Łaj. Viet. also has a reading sái 'be dislocated; opposed' (pointing to an unattested MC variant c̣hạ̈̀ ?). A later attested reading is *chāj (*shāj), MC châ, mod. cuo 1 to rub = 磋 *chāj to file, polish q.v.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 48

Four-angle index: 94

Karlgren code: 0005 f-g

Vietnamese reading: sai

Shijing occurrences: 1.2, 28.1

Character: 席

Modern (Beijing) reading: xí

Preclassic Old Chinese: lhiak

Classic Old Chinese: lhiak

Western Han Chinese: lhiak

Eastern Han Chinese: zhiak

Early Postclassic Chinese: zhjek

Middle Postclassic Chinese: zhjek

Late Postclassic Chinese: zhjek

Middle Chinese: zjek

English meaning : mat

Russian meaning[s]: 1) цыновка, мат, подстилка; плетеный; постлать, застелить; 2) пост; место (за столом; на заседании; в театре); 3) банкет; 4) парус; 5) воспользоваться; 6) Си (фамилия)

Comments: A later meaning is 'sitting place; banquet'. Standard Sino-Viet. is tịch.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 50

Four-angle index: 3873

Karlgren code: 0797 a

Vietnamese reading: tiệc

Shijing occurrences: 26.3_

Character: 師

Modern (Beijing) reading: shī

Preclassic Old Chinese: srij

Classic Old Chinese: srij

Western Han Chinese: ṣjǝj

Eastern Han Chinese: ṣǝj

Early Postclassic Chinese: ṣɨj

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ṣɨj

Late Postclassic Chinese: ṣɨj

Middle Chinese: ṣi

English meaning : multitude, army; (person in charge of it:) master

Russian meaning[s]: 1) дивизия; дивизионный; войско; 2) наставник, учитель; мастер; учить; 3) подражать, учиться у...; пример, образец; 4) Ши (фамилия)

Shuowen gloss: 二千五百人為師.從�.從#.#四�眾意也.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 50

Four-angle index: 3916

Karlgren code: 0559 a-e

Vietnamese reading: su'

Shijing occurrences: 2.3

Character: 庫

Modern (Beijing) reading: kù

Preclassic Old Chinese: kh(l)ās

Classic Old Chinese: khāh

Western Han Chinese: khāh

Eastern Han Chinese: khāh

Early Postclassic Chinese: khṑ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: khṑ

Late Postclassic Chinese: khṑ

Middle Chinese: khò

English meaning : store, treasury [L.Zhou]

Russian meaning[s]: казначейство; амбар, склад; арсенал

Comments: Regular Sino-Viet. is khố.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 53

Four-angle index: 2606

Karlgren code: 0074 e

Vietnamese reading: kho

Character: 庭

Modern (Beijing) reading: tíng

Preclassic Old Chinese: Łhēŋ

Classic Old Chinese: Łhēŋ

Western Han Chinese: Łhēŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: lhiēŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: dhiēŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: dhiēŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: dhiēŋ

Middle Chinese: dieŋ

English meaning : courtyard, court of a palace, mansion, temple

Russian meaning[s]: 1) двор; площадка (перед залом или храмом); 2) суд; присутствие; 3) семья, домашний очаг

Comments: Used also for a homonymous *Łhēŋ 'be straight, upright'. For *Łh- cf. Xiamen thĩã², Chaozhou theŋ².

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 53

Four-angle index: 6642

Karlgren code: 0835 h

Vietnamese reading: d_ình

Shijing occurrences: 38.2

Character: 座

Modern (Beijing) reading: zuò

Preclassic Old Chinese: ʒ́(h)ōjs

Classic Old Chinese: ʒ(h)wājh

Western Han Chinese: ʒ(h)wājh

Eastern Han Chinese: ʒ(h)wǟh

Early Postclassic Chinese: ʒ(h)wā̀

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ʒ(h)wā̀

Late Postclassic Chinese: ʒ(h)wā̀

Middle Chinese: ʒwầ

English meaning : seat; platform, court [Wei]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) сиденье, место, кресло; трон; 2) подставка, платформа; 3) счетный суффикс больших предметов: зданий, гор, лесов, городов, мостов и т. п.

Comments: A derivate from 坐 *ʒ́ōjʔ 'to sit' (q.v.).

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 53

Four-angle index: 284

Vietnamese reading: tòa

Character: 弱

Modern (Beijing) reading: ruò

Preclassic Old Chinese: nhekʷ

Classic Old Chinese: nheuk

Western Han Chinese: nhjauk

Eastern Han Chinese: ńhauk

Early Postclassic Chinese: ńhauk

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ńhak

Late Postclassic Chinese: ńhak

Middle Chinese: ńak

English meaning : be weak; consider weak

Russian meaning[s]: 1) слабый, бессильный, хилый; слабое место, недостаток; 2) молодой, малолетний; нежный, деликатный; мягкий; 3) терять; 4) меньше, без малого; с минусом

Comments: For *nh- cf. Fuzhou iok⁷.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 57

Four-angle index: 4636

Karlgren code: 1123 a

Character: 徒

Modern (Beijing) reading: tú

Preclassic Old Chinese: dhā

Classic Old Chinese: dhā

Western Han Chinese: dhā

Eastern Han Chinese: dhā

Early Postclassic Chinese: dhō

Middle Postclassic Chinese: dhō

Late Postclassic Chinese: dhō

Middle Chinese: do

English meaning : to walk on foot, footmen, footsoldiers; follower, adherent

Russian meaning[s]: 1) идти пешком; пешком; 2) пехотинец, воин; 3) последователь, ученик; адепт; компания; группа последователей; 4) толпа, масса; 5) пустой, голый; невооруженный; 6) каторжная тюрьма, каторжные работы; 7) зря, попусту; напрасный; 8) только, лишь; 9) Ту (фамилия)

Comments: OC *dh- is based only on Chaozhou thu² and thus not very reliable. During Late Zhou used also for a homonymous *dhā 'vainly, mere, only; bare, naked'.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 60

Four-angle index: 5803

Karlgren code: 0062 e-f

Character: 徑

Modern (Beijing) reading: jìng

Preclassic Old Chinese: kēŋs

Classic Old Chinese: kēŋh

Western Han Chinese: kēŋh

Eastern Han Chinese: kiēŋh

Early Postclassic Chinese: kiḕŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: kiḕŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: kiḕŋ

Middle Chinese: kìeŋ

English meaning : small path, short-cut; diameter

Russian meaning[s]: 1) тропинка, дорожка; 2) кратчайший, прямой; 3) диаметр окружности; 4) до конца, вм. 竟; 5) 25-е число (в телеграммах)

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Radical: 60

Four-angle index: 122

Karlgren code: 0831 f

Character: 徐

Modern (Beijing) reading: xú

Preclassic Old Chinese: lha

Classic Old Chinese: lha

Western Han Chinese: lha

Eastern Han Chinese: zha

Early Postclassic Chinese: zho

Middle Postclassic Chinese: zho

Late Postclassic Chinese: zho

Middle Chinese: zjö

English meaning : slow, gently, walk slowly [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) медленный; 2) серьезный; важный; 3) спокойный; с достоинством; 4) замедлить; 5) отпустить, ослабить; 6) Сюй (фамилия)

Comments: Probably connected with 舒 *sla slowly, leisurely, easy, relax.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 60

Four-angle index: 8310

Karlgren code: 0082 p

Character: 恙

Modern (Beijing) reading: yàng

Preclassic Old Chinese: lhaŋs

Classic Old Chinese: lhaŋh

Western Han Chinese: lhaŋh

Eastern Han Chinese: zhaŋh

Early Postclassic Chinese: zhàŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: zhàŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: zhàŋ

Middle Chinese: jàŋ

English meaning : disease, disaster

Russian meaning[s]: 1) нездоровье, недомогание; 2) печаль, горе

Comments: Cf. 痒 *lhaŋ. For *lh- cf. Fuzhou ioŋ5.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 61

Four-angle index: 8349

Karlgren code: 0732 g