Chinese characters : Query result

Character: 胼

Modern (Beijing) reading: pián

Preclassic Old Chinese: b(h)ēn

Classic Old Chinese: b(h)ēn

Western Han Chinese: b(h)jān

Eastern Han Chinese: b(h)iān

Early Postclassic Chinese: b(h)iēn

Middle Postclassic Chinese: b(h)iēn

Late Postclassic Chinese: b(h)iēn

Middle Chinese: bien

English meaning : hard skin on hands or feet [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: 胼胝 мозоли (на руках и ногах)

Radical: 130

Four-angle index: 2397

Karlgren code: 0824 p

Character: 胯

Modern (Beijing) reading: kuà

Russian meaning[s]: 1) ляжки; 2) носить на бедре (шашку); 3) повесить (на руку)

Radical: 130

Four-angle index: 4459

Character: 臭

Modern (Beijing) reading: chòu

Preclassic Old Chinese: khiws

Classic Old Chinese: khiwh

Western Han Chinese: khjǝwh

Eastern Han Chinese: khjǝwh

Early Postclassic Chinese: khjìw

Middle Postclassic Chinese: khjìw

Late Postclassic Chinese: khjìw

Middle Chinese: ćhǝ̀w

English meaning : smell, fragrance, stench

Russian meaning[s]: 1) вонь; вонять; провонять; вонючий; 2) дурной, недостойный; дрянной; бесполезный, негодный; 3) поссориться, поругаться; 4) очень крепко (сильно); [xiù] запах; нюхать, обонять

Comments: In MC there also exists a reading xǝ̀w (Mand. xiù) (Jiyün); it is interesting to note that standard Sino-Viet. renders it as khú'u. These are most probably dialectal variants of the original *khiw-s which gave the standard MC reflex ćhǝ̀w (note that Viet. thiu 'stale' is a colloquial reflex of the latter; the standard Sino-Viet. form is xú).

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 132

Four-angle index: 4974

Karlgren code: 1088 a-b

Vietnamese reading: thiu

Jianchuan Bai: chu3

Dali Bai: chu3

Bijiang Bai: -ṭhü2

Character: 臬

Modern (Beijing) reading: niè

Preclassic Old Chinese: ŋ(h)ret

Classic Old Chinese: ŋ(h)ret

Western Han Chinese: ŋ(h)rjat

Eastern Han Chinese: ŋ(h)rat

Early Postclassic Chinese: ŋ(h)et

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ŋ(h)et

Late Postclassic Chinese: ŋ(h)et

Middle Chinese: ŋet

English meaning : law

Comments: The original meaning is 'target', attested during LZ.

Radical: 0

Four-angle index: 0

Karlgren code: 0285 a-b

Character: 舀

Modern (Beijing) reading: yǎo

Preclassic Old Chinese: lu (~ Ł-)

Classic Old Chinese: lu

Western Han Chinese: lǝw

Eastern Han Chinese: źǝw

Early Postclassic Chinese: źiw

Middle Postclassic Chinese: jiw

Late Postclassic Chinese: jiw

Middle Chinese: jǝw

English meaning : to scoop hulled grain from mortar

Russian meaning[s]: 1) переливать, перекачивать; вычерпывать; 2) ковш

Comments: Also has a variant OC *lawʔ ( ~ *Ł-), MC jéw, Pek. yǎo.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 134

Four-angle index: 1049

Karlgren code: 1078 a

Character: 舐

Modern (Beijing) reading: shì

Preclassic Old Chinese: lajʔ (~ -eʔ)

Classic Old Chinese: láj

Western Han Chinese: láj

Eastern Han Chinese: źáj

Early Postclassic Chinese: źáj

Middle Postclassic Chinese: źáj

Late Postclassic Chinese: źáj

Middle Chinese: źé

English meaning : to lick

Russian meaning[s]: лизать, вылизывать

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Radical: 135

Four-angle index: 6686

Karlgren code: 0867 f

Character: 航

Modern (Beijing) reading: háng

Russian meaning[s]: 1) плавать (на судне); летать (на самолете); 2) судоходство; аэронавтика; 3) стар. лодка, паром

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 137

Four-angle index: 7690

Character: 舫

Modern (Beijing) reading: fǎng

Preclassic Old Chinese: paŋs

Classic Old Chinese: paŋh

Western Han Chinese: paŋh

Eastern Han Chinese: pwaŋh

Early Postclassic Chinese: pwàŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: pwàŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: pwàŋ

English meaning : boat [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) большая лодка; 2) две лодки, связанные вместе; плот; паром

Comments: Also read *pāŋ-s, MC pwầŋ, Pek. bàng id.

Radical: 137

Four-angle index: 4229

Karlgren code: 0740 g-h

Character: 舨

Modern (Beijing) reading: ban

Radical: 0

Four-angle index: 0

Character: 般

Modern (Beijing) reading: bān

Preclassic Old Chinese: pān

Classic Old Chinese: pān

Western Han Chinese: pān

Eastern Han Chinese: pān

Early Postclassic Chinese: pān

Middle Postclassic Chinese: pān

Late Postclassic Chinese: pān

Middle Chinese: pwân

English meaning : to give, present; to carry

Russian meaning[s]: 1) род; класс; группа; разновидность; 2) одинаковый, такой же, как...; совершенно, как...; 3) перемещать; переселять(ся), вм. 搬; 4) делить; [pán] 1) вращаться, кружиться; бродить; 2) перевозить; 3) предаваться удовольствиям

Comments: Attested since Late Zhou. Also read *prān, MC pạn (FQ 布還) id.; used also for *b(h)ān, MC bwân (FQ 薄官), mod. pán 'to rotate (only in compounds); pleasant'

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 137

Four-angle index: 6132

Karlgren code: 0182 a

Character: 芻

Modern (Beijing) reading: chú

Preclassic Old Chinese: ćhro

Classic Old Chinese: chro

Western Han Chinese: c̣hwa

Eastern Han Chinese: c̣hwa

Early Postclassic Chinese: c̣hwo

Middle Postclassic Chinese: c̣hwo

Late Postclassic Chinese: c̣hwo

Middle Chinese: c̣hü

English meaning : cut grass for fodder, hay; grass cutters, grass gatherers

Russian meaning[s]: 1) сено, солома, фураж; косить траву; соломенный; 2) скот; кормить скот; 3) Чу (фамилия)

Radical: 140

Four-angle index: 4346

Karlgren code: 0132 a

Character: 茫

Modern (Beijing) reading: máng

Preclassic Old Chinese: māŋ

Classic Old Chinese: māŋ

Western Han Chinese: māŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: māŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: māŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: māŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: māŋ

Middle Chinese: mwâŋ

English meaning : great, extensive

Russian meaning[s]: широкий, безбрежный; неясный, непонятный

Comments: = 芒 q.v.

Radical: 140

Four-angle index: 750

Karlgren code: 0742 |d ́

Character: 荒

Modern (Beijing) reading: huāng

Preclassic Old Chinese: smāŋ

Classic Old Chinese: m̥āŋ

Western Han Chinese: m̥āŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: m̥āŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: hwāŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: hwāŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: hwāŋ

Middle Chinese: xwâŋ

English meaning : be waste, wasting

Russian meaning[s]: 1) пустырь, целина; невозделанный; 2) неурожай, голод; бесплодный; неурожайный; 3) запустить, забросить; запущенный; 4) пустой, безлюдный; дикий, отсталый; 5) неумеренно предаваться; погрязнуть в...; 6) обширный, большой; 7) далекий; окраина

Shuowen gloss: 蕪也.從草.ヂ聲.一曰草掩地也. [40]

Comments: Used also for homonymous *smāŋ 'be large, too large, excessive; be very old, senile' (probably derived from *māŋ 'great, extensive', see 芒, 茫). A colloquial loan from the same source is probably Viet. vắng 'deserted, solitary'.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 140

Four-angle index: 7600

Karlgren code: 0742 |e ́

Vietnamese reading: hoaŋ

Shijing occurrences: 4.2_

Character: 荔

Modern (Beijing) reading: lì

Preclassic Old Chinese: rhejs

Classic Old Chinese: rheć

Western Han Chinese: rhjaś

Eastern Han Chinese: rhjaś

Early Postclassic Chinese: lhjeś

Middle Postclassic Chinese: lhjèj

Late Postclassic Chinese: lhjèj

Middle Chinese: lè

English meaning : a k. of fruit [Han]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) плод личжи (Nephelium lichi); 2) Ли (фамилия)

Comments: Also read *rhēj-s, MC lìej id. For *rh cf. Fuzhou lie⁵.

Radical: 140

Four-angle index: 4708

Character: 荊

Modern (Beijing) reading: jīng

Preclassic Old Chinese: kreŋ

Classic Old Chinese: kreŋ

Western Han Chinese: kreŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: kreŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: keŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: keŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: keŋ

Middle Chinese: käiŋ

English meaning : thorns, briar

Russian meaning[s]: 1) колючий кустарник, терновник; 2) эпист. моя жена; 3) сокр. г. Цзинчжоу (в провинции Хубэй); 4) Цзин (фамилия)

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 140

Four-angle index: 2839

Karlgren code: 0808 i-j

Character: 茸

Modern (Beijing) reading: róng

Preclassic Old Chinese: noŋ

Classic Old Chinese: noŋ

Western Han Chinese: noŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: ńoŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: ńoŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ńoŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: ńoŋ

Middle Chinese: ńöuŋ

English meaning : young shoots, young grass, young antlers; soft, fluffy [Han]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) ростки, молодая зелень; мягкий, тонкий, нежный; 2) спутанный, беспорядочный; 3) мараловые рога, панты; [rǒng] непочтительный

Comments: The word is not attested before Han, but is probably a variant of the root earlier written either as 戎 (q.v.) or as 氄 q.v.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 140

Four-angle index: 2689

Karlgren code: 1194 a

Vietnamese reading: nhung

Character: 荐

Modern (Beijing) reading: jiàn

Preclassic Old Chinese: ʒ́(h)ǝ̄ns

Classic Old Chinese: ʒ(h)ǝ̄nh

Western Han Chinese: ʒ(h)ǝ̄nh

Eastern Han Chinese: ʒ(h)ǝ̄nh

Early Postclassic Chinese: ʒ(h)ǝ̄̀n

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ʒ(h)ǝ̄̀n

Late Postclassic Chinese: ʒ(h)ǝ̄̀n

Middle Chinese: ʒìen

English meaning : grass, herb [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) снова, опять, вторично; неоднократно; повторяться; 2) трава; пастбище; 3) цыновка, рогожка; 4) представлять, рекомендовать

Comments: MC also has a dialectal reading ʒòn (Mod. zùn) id.; used also for a homonymous OC *ʒ́(h)ǝ̄n-s 'to repeat, increase'.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 140

Four-angle index: 3048

Karlgren code: 0432 b

Character: 草

Modern (Beijing) reading: cǎo

Preclassic Old Chinese: shūʔ

Classic Old Chinese: shū́

Western Han Chinese: shǝ̄́w

Eastern Han Chinese: shǝ̄́w

Early Postclassic Chinese: shǝ̄́w

Middle Postclassic Chinese: shā́w

Late Postclassic Chinese: shā́w

Middle Chinese: chấw

English meaning : grass, small plants

Russian meaning[s]: 1) трава; сено; солома; соломенный; перен. деревенский; захолустный; 2) пустяковый, незначащий; дешевый; перен. мой; не ценить, считать нестоящим; 3) грубый, черновой; небрежно; кое-как; вчерне; черновик, набросок; проект; набросать (составить) проект; 4) скоропись; 5) самка

Shuowen gloss: 草逗,櫟實也.一曰象斗.從**.早聲. [47]

Comments: Also used for a homonymous *shūʔ 'be rough, coarse; grossly'. The original character consisted of just one radical (see Shuowen 22); the character 草, according to the Shuowen, had meant 'acorn'.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 140

Four-angle index: 2273

Karlgren code: 1049 b-c

Vietnamese reading: tha`o

Jianchuan Bai: chu1

Dali Bai: chu1

Bijiang Bai: ćhü1

Shijing occurrences: 14.1

Character: 茵

Modern (Beijing) reading: yīn

Preclassic Old Chinese: ʔin

Classic Old Chinese: ʔin

Western Han Chinese: ʔjǝn

Eastern Han Chinese: ʔjǝn

Early Postclassic Chinese: ʔjin

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ʔjin

Late Postclassic Chinese: ʔjin

Middle Chinese: ʔjin

English meaning : a floor-mat

Russian meaning[s]: мат, подстилка; сиденье; цыновка

Radical: 140

Four-angle index: 1869

Karlgren code: 0370 d

Character: 茴

Modern (Beijing) reading: huí

Russian meaning[s]: 茴香 укроп (Foeniculum officinale)

Radical: 140

Four-angle index: 1836