Chinese characters : Query result

Character: 衷

Modern (Beijing) reading: zhōng

Preclassic Old Chinese: truŋ

Classic Old Chinese: truŋ

Western Han Chinese: ṭǝuŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: ṭǝuŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: ṭɨuŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ṭuŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: ṭuŋ

Middle Chinese: ṭüŋ

English meaning : to correct, just

Russian meaning[s]: 1) середина, центр; нутро; внутри; 2) чувства, мысли; искренний, чистосердечный; 3) Чжун (фамилия); [zhòng] надлежащий, подходящий

Comments: Attested already in Shujing, but absent from Schüssler's dictionary. Etymologically probably = 中, and attested during Late Zhou with the meanings 'inner garment; middle, medium; to surround'.

Radical: 145

Four-angle index: 5746

Karlgren code: 1007 j

Character: 袁

Modern (Beijing) reading: yuán

Preclassic Old Chinese: w(h)an

Classic Old Chinese: w(h)an

Western Han Chinese: w(h)an

Eastern Han Chinese: w(h)an

Early Postclassic Chinese: w(h)an

Middle Postclassic Chinese: w(h)ǝn

Late Postclassic Chinese: w(h)ǝn

Middle Chinese: wǝn

English meaning : place name [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) долгополый, длинный (о платье); 2) Юань (фамилия)

Comments: Shuowen defines the character as "long robe". For *w cf. Xiamen uan², Chaozhou ueŋ², Fuzhou uoŋ².

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 145

Four-angle index: 5741

Karlgren code: 0256 a

Character: 袂

Modern (Beijing) reading: mèi

English meaning : sleeve

Russian meaning[s]: рукава (одежды)

Radical: 145

Four-angle index: 5089

Character: 衽

Modern (Beijing) reading: rèn

Preclassic Old Chinese: n(h)ǝmʔ

Classic Old Chinese: n(h)ǝ́m

Western Han Chinese: n(h)ǝ́m

Eastern Han Chinese: ń(h)ǝ́m

Early Postclassic Chinese: ń(h)ím

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ń(h)ím

Late Postclassic Chinese: ń(h)ím

Middle Chinese: ńím

English meaning : skirts of robe, flaps, lapel

Russian meaning[s]: 1) пола платья; запахивать полу; 2) спальная цыновка, тюфяк; лежать

Comments: Also read *n(h)ǝmʔ-s, MC ńìm, Pek. rèn. Cf. 紝 *n(h)ǝm, *n(h)rǝm 'to weave'.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Radical: 145

Four-angle index: 295

Karlgren code: 0667 n-o

Character: 記

Modern (Beijing) reading: jì

Preclassic Old Chinese: kǝs

Classic Old Chinese: kǝh

Western Han Chinese: kǝh

Eastern Han Chinese: kǝh

Early Postclassic Chinese: kɨ̀

Middle Postclassic Chinese: kɨ̀

Late Postclassic Chinese: kɨ̀

Middle Chinese: kɨ̀

English meaning : to commit to memory, to record

Russian meaning[s]: 1) помнить, запомнить; 2) отмечать, записывать, делать заметки; протоколировать; реестр; записки; мемуары; 3) метка; знак; помета; клеймо, печать

Comments: Regular Sino-Viet. is ký.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 149

Four-angle index: 7085

Karlgren code: 0953 j

Vietnamese reading: ghi

Character: 訐

Modern (Beijing) reading: jié

Preclassic Old Chinese: kat

Classic Old Chinese: kat

Western Han Chinese: kat

Eastern Han Chinese: kat

Early Postclassic Chinese: kat

Middle Postclassic Chinese: kǝt

Late Postclassic Chinese: kǝt

Middle Chinese: kǝt

English meaning : accuse, denounce [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: разоблачать (раскрывать) чужие тайны; обличать

Comments: Also read *krat, MC ket, *krat-s, MC kèj (Pek. jì) id.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Radical: 149

Four-angle index: 2337

Karlgren code: 0300 a

Character: 討

Modern (Beijing) reading: tǎo

Preclassic Old Chinese: thūʔ

Classic Old Chinese: thū́

Western Han Chinese: thǝ̄́w

Eastern Han Chinese: thǝ̄́w

Early Postclassic Chinese: thǝ̄́w

Middle Postclassic Chinese: thā́w

Late Postclassic Chinese: thā́w

Middle Chinese: thấw

English meaning : to punish

Russian meaning[s]: 1) карать; объявлять войну, идти войной; нападать; 2) доискиваться, изучать; 3) просить; требовать; взыскивать; 4) добиваться; домогаться; 5) жениться

Comments: Since Late Zhou the word has also acquired the meaning 'to examine, make out'.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 149

Four-angle index: 3117

Karlgren code: 1073 d

Vietnamese reading: tha`o

Character: 訌

Modern (Beijing) reading: hóng

Preclassic Old Chinese: g(h)ōŋ

Classic Old Chinese: g(h)ōŋ

Western Han Chinese: gōŋ (~ ɣ-)

Eastern Han Chinese: gōŋ (~ ɣ-)

Early Postclassic Chinese: gōŋ (~ ɣ-)

Middle Postclassic Chinese: gōŋ (~ ɣ-)

Late Postclassic Chinese: gwōŋ (~ ɣ-)

Middle Chinese: ɣuŋ

English meaning : be disorderly

Russian meaning[s]: 1) мятеж, смута; бунт; 2) поднять бунт (мятеж); 3) распри, раздоры

Radical: 149

Four-angle index: 86

Karlgren code: 1172 k

Character: 訕

Modern (Beijing) reading: shàn

Preclassic Old Chinese: srān

Classic Old Chinese: srān

Western Han Chinese: ṣān

Eastern Han Chinese: ṣān

Early Postclassic Chinese: ṣạ̄n

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ṣạ̄n

Late Postclassic Chinese: ṣạ̄n

Middle Chinese: ṣạn

English meaning : vilify, slander [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: порицать; злословить; издеваться; ругать(ся)

Comments: Also read *srān-s, MC ṣạ̀n, Pek. shàn id.

Radical: 149

Four-angle index: 976

Karlgren code: 0193 e

Character: 訊

Modern (Beijing) reading: xùn

Preclassic Old Chinese: sins (~ -ǝns, ~ -ǝrs)

Classic Old Chinese: sinh

Western Han Chinese: sjǝnh

Eastern Han Chinese: sjǝnh

Early Postclassic Chinese: sjìn

Middle Postclassic Chinese: sjìn

Late Postclassic Chinese: sjìn

Middle Chinese: sjìn

English meaning : to interrogate, to question, inquire

Russian meaning[s]: 1) спрашивать; запрос; 2) допрашивать, вести следствие; исследовать; 3) говорить; убеждать; 4) новость, известие

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 149

Four-angle index: 7615

Karlgren code: 0383 c

Character: 託

Modern (Beijing) reading: tuō

Preclassic Old Chinese: thāk

Classic Old Chinese: thāk

Western Han Chinese: thāk

Eastern Han Chinese: thāk

Early Postclassic Chinese: thāk

Middle Postclassic Chinese: thāk

Late Postclassic Chinese: thāk

Middle Chinese: thâk

English meaning : to entrust, rely on; to charge with [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) поручать, доверять, наказывать; 2) вверяться; полагаться на...; зависеть от...; 3) ссылаться на...; под предлогом; 4) опираться на...; существовать (чем-л.); 5) слагать с себя ответственность, перекладывать на чужие плечи

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 149

Four-angle index: 7195

Karlgren code: 0780 e

Character: 訓

Modern (Beijing) reading: xùn

Preclassic Old Chinese: sluns

Classic Old Chinese: l̥wǝnh

Western Han Chinese: l̥wǝnh

Eastern Han Chinese: śwǝnh

Early Postclassic Chinese: śwɨ̀n

Middle Postclassic Chinese: śwɨ̀n

Late Postclassic Chinese: śwɨ̀n

Middle Chinese: xǜn

English meaning : to instruct; comply

Russian meaning[s]: 1) учить, наставлять; директива, инструкция, наказ; 2) комментировать; комментарий; 3) следовать (чему-л.)

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 149

Four-angle index: 2780

Karlgren code: 0422 d

Vietnamese reading: huấn

Character: 訖

Modern (Beijing) reading: qì

Preclassic Old Chinese: kǝt

Classic Old Chinese: kǝt

Western Han Chinese: kǝt

Eastern Han Chinese: kǝt

Early Postclassic Chinese: kɨt

Middle Postclassic Chinese: kɨt

Late Postclassic Chinese: kɨt

Middle Chinese: kɨt

English meaning : finish, cease

Russian meaning[s]: 1) закончить; выполнить; наконец; 2) дойти, достигнуть; до, вплоть до.., вм. 迄

Comments: Pek. qì is irregular.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Radical: 149

Four-angle index: 7786

Karlgren code: 0517 h

Character: 訏

Modern (Beijing) reading: xū

Preclassic Old Chinese: swa

Classic Old Chinese: w̥a

Western Han Chinese: w̥a

Eastern Han Chinese: hjwa

Early Postclassic Chinese: hjwo

Middle Postclassic Chinese: hjwo

Late Postclassic Chinese: hjwo

Middle Chinese: xü

English meaning : be extensive, wide, large

Radical: 0

Four-angle index: 0

Karlgren code: 0097 v-x

Character: 訑

Modern (Beijing) reading: yí

Preclassic Old Chinese: Łaj

Classic Old Chinese: Łaj

Western Han Chinese: laj

Eastern Han Chinese: źe

Early Postclassic Chinese: źe

Middle Postclassic Chinese: je

Late Postclassic Chinese: je

Middle Chinese: je

English meaning : conceited [L.Zhou]

Russian meaning[s]: самодовольный; самоуверенный

Comments: Fanqie stems from Jiyun. Used only in the reduplication *Łaj-Łaj. Also read *Ł(h)āj, MC dâ (FQ JY 唐何), Pek. tuó, Go da, Kan ta 'to deceive' (L. Zhou).

Radical: 149

Four-angle index: 7256

Karlgren code: 0004 q

Go-on: i

Kan-on: i

Japanese reading: i;ta;da;azamuku

Character: 豈

Modern (Beijing) reading: qǐ

Preclassic Old Chinese: khǝjʔ

Classic Old Chinese: khǝ́j

Western Han Chinese: khǝ́j

Eastern Han Chinese: khǝ́j

Early Postclassic Chinese: khɨ́j

Middle Postclassic Chinese: khɨ́j

Late Postclassic Chinese: khɨ́j

Middle Chinese: khɨ́j

English meaning : how, why?

Russian meaning[s]: 1) разве...?, неужели...?, как можно чтобы...? (риторический вопрос); 2) служебное слово, подчеркивающее восклицательный характер предложения, см. 其

Comments: Also read *khǝ̄jʔ, MC khл́j (FQ 苦亥), Pek. kǎi 'be joyous'. OC *khǝjʔ 'how, why' is most probably a voiceless correlate of pronouns with *gh- (see 曷, 何).

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 151

Four-angle index: 562

Karlgren code: 0548 a

Shijing occurrences: 17.1

Character: 豺

Modern (Beijing) reading: chái

Preclassic Old Chinese: ʒ́(h)rǝ̄

Classic Old Chinese: ʒ(h)rǝ̄

Western Han Chinese: ʒ̣(h)ǝ̄

Eastern Han Chinese: ʒ̣(h)ǝ̄

Early Postclassic Chinese: ʒ̣(h)ǝ̣̄

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ʒ̣(h)iǝ̣̄

Late Postclassic Chinese: ʒ̣(h)iǝ̣̄j

Middle Chinese: ʒ̣ạ̈j

English meaning : wolf

Russian meaning[s]: шакал (Canis hodophilax)

Comments: Standard Sino-Viet. unknown.

Radical: 153

Four-angle index: 3231

Karlgren code: 0943 t-u

Vietnamese reading: sói

Character: 豹

Modern (Beijing) reading: bào

Preclassic Old Chinese: prēkʷs (~ ēw)

Classic Old Chinese: prēwh

Western Han Chinese: prjāwh

Eastern Han Chinese: priāwh

Early Postclassic Chinese: piẹ̄̀w

Middle Postclassic Chinese: pạ̄̀w

Late Postclassic Chinese: pạ̄̀w

Middle Chinese: pạ̀w

English meaning : leopard

Russian meaning[s]: 1) леопард (Felis leopardus); 2) пятнистый; 3) перен. военный талант; военное дело; 4) Бао (фамилия)

Comments: Viet. beo 'panther' is an old loanword; normal Sino-Viet. is báo.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 153

Four-angle index: 4263

Vietnamese reading: beo

Jianchuan Bai: pã2

Dali Bai: pa3

Bijiang Bai: pie2

Character: 財

Modern (Beijing) reading: cái

Preclassic Old Chinese: ʒ́hǝ̄

Classic Old Chinese: ʒhǝ̄

Western Han Chinese: ʒhǝ̄

Eastern Han Chinese: ʒhǝ̄

Early Postclassic Chinese: ʒhǝ̄

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ʒhǝ̄

Late Postclassic Chinese: ʒhǝ̄j

Middle Chinese: ʒʌj

English meaning : material, value

Russian meaning[s]: 1) богатство, ценности; средства, финансы; собственность; имущество; 2) талант, см. 才; 3) различать, см. 裁; 4) только; только тогда, см. 才

Comments: = 才.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 154

Four-angle index: 3233

Karlgren code: 0943 h

Vietnamese reading: tài

Character: 貢

Modern (Beijing) reading: gòng

Preclassic Old Chinese: kōŋs

Classic Old Chinese: kōŋh

Western Han Chinese: kōŋh

Eastern Han Chinese: kōŋh

Early Postclassic Chinese: kṑŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: kṑŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: kwṑŋ

Middle Chinese: kùŋ

English meaning : tribute, present

Russian meaning[s]: 1) дань; подать; платить дань, подносить; подарить, пожаловать; 2) высшего качества, отборный; 3) стар. выдвинуть на службу, рекомендовать выдержавших экзамен на чиновника; 4) Гун (фамилия)

Comments: ?Cf. PA *k`ṑmu 'offering, respect'.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 154

Four-angle index: 7925

Karlgren code: 1172 g

Vietnamese reading: cống